Objective Investigated and analyzed the data of routine coefficient of variation (R CV ) from clinical laboratories of the second and the third grade hospital, we have drawed up Internal Quality Control(IQC) requirement of clinical chemistry in Shanghai Methods In this survey, we defined IQC requirement a quarter of CLIA’88 proficiency testing criteria as acceptable analytical performance From 147 clinical laboratories, we get 3 570 336 IQC data of 23 analytes of clinical chemistry which was analyzed and percentiles were calculated The outcome from the statistical analysis was compared with recommendation from the Ministry of Health in1985 Results 138 clinical laboratories (94 0%) CV results in Shanghai were less than R CV recommendation from the Ministry of Health About 111 clinical laboratories (75 5%) results are according with IQC requirement Conclusion IQC requirement is suitable for the clinical laboratories in Shanghai 75 5% clinical laboratories accorded with IQC requirement and 24 5% clinical laboratories should improve technique to carry out the IQC requirement

Objective To explore the shielding effects of 1-4 layers of lead aprons (LPs) and body shielding devices (BSDs) against stray radiation (SR) outside the electron beam field of 6-15 MeV.Methods JR-115B LiF TLDs were used to measure the stray radiation doses (SRDs) to the patient undergoing treatment,before and after being shielding,for different distances,different energies,different applicators,variable layers of LPs,and different thickness of body shielding devices (BSDs),respectively,along long calculating and comparing the shielding ratios of LPs and BSDs against SR.Results When the applicator (10 cm × 10 cm) is unchanged,the shielding ratio increased with the increased distance from measuring point (r =0.717,P ＜ 0.05) and decreased with the increased electron energy (r =-0.678,P ＜ 0.05);when the energy was constant,there was no correlation between the shielding ratio and the size of applicator (P ＞ 0.05);For lower energy electron beam of 6 and 9 MeV,the shielding ratio for 1 mm Pb-BSD was slightly higher than that for 2 layers of LA (t =2.519,2 662,P ＜ 0.05),ranging from 81.5％ to 95.3％ and 55.4％ to 84.6％,respectively.For 12 and 15 MeV higher energy electron beam,the shielding ratio for 2 mm Pb-BSD was slightly higher than that for 4 layers of LA (t=3.768,7.934,P＜0.05),ranging from 64.6％ to 93.4％ and 51.1％ to 92.4％,respectively.Conclusions LAs or BSDs are availavle for effectively reducing the doses from stray radiation,and may help reduce the secondary risks from stray radiation.BSDs have more obvious advantages than LPs with regard to shielding effect.

BACKGROUND: Managing acute postoperative pain is challenging for anesthesiologists, surgeons, and patients, leading to adverse events despite making significant progress. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is a recommended solution, where oxycodone has depicted unique advantages in recent years. However, controversy still exists in clinical practice and this study aimed to compare two drugs in PCIA. METHODS: We performed a literature search in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases up to December 2020 to select specific randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of oxycodone with sufentanil in PCIA. The analgesic effect was the primary outcome and the secondary outcome included PCIA consumption, the Ramsay sedation scale, patients' satisfaction and side effects. RESULTS: Fifteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with sufentanil, oxycodone showed lower Numerical Rating Scale scores (mean difference [MD] = -0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.01 to -0.41; P < 0.001; I2 = 93%), demonstrated better relief from visceral pain (MD = -1.22, 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.85; P < 0.001; I2 = 90%), promoted a deeper sedative level as confirmed by the Ramsay Score (MD = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.35-1.19; P < 0.001; I2 = 97%), and resulted in fewer side effects (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.35-0.60; P < 0.001; I2 = 11%). There was no statistical difference in the degree of patients' satisfaction (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.88-1.44; P = 0.33; I2 = 72%) and drug consumption (MD = -5.55, 95% CI: -14.18 to 3.08; P = 0.21; I2 = 93%). CONCLUSION: Oxycodone improves postoperative analgesia and causes fewer adverse effects, and could be recommended for PCIA, especially after abdominal surgeries. REGISTRATION PROSPERO; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; CRD42021229973.
Humans ; Oxycodone/therapeutic use* ; Sufentanil/therapeutic use* ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled