Objective To investigate the clinical effect of radiofrequency ablation (RF) combined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy in the management of high-return flow venous malformation (VM).Methods Forty-one patients,who were diagnosed as high-return flow VM with clinical and radiographic evidence,were divided into the observation group (n=19) and the control group (n=22) using a random number table.All high-return flow VM patients received DSA-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy while the patients in observation group were given radiofrequency ablation.The clinical effect,treatment times and adverse effect of the two groups were analyzed.Results The effectiveness of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group [94.7％ (18/19) vs 81.8％ (18/22)].The facial paralysis occurred in three patients (13.6％) after ethanol injection in the control group,while the observation group had no facial nerve injury after treatment.The patients in observation group had significantly fewer numbers of ethanol injection.Conclusions RF can improve the efficacy of high-return flow VM and reduce the number of ethanol injection.The scheme is safe and effective.

BACKGROUND:Stable and efficient labeling of dental pulp stem cel s in vitro is most important in tracer technique, which is also the basis of tooth regeneration in vivo.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the optimal condition and method for transfection of stem cel s derived from rat dental pulp with green fluorescent protein infection by lentiviral vector and to determine whether green fluorescent protein-labeled dental pulp stem cel s maintain their stem cel properties.
METHODS:Rat dental pulp stem cel s were obtained by modified enzyme digestion method, to identify the immune phenotype and differentiation potential. Dental pulp stem cel s were infected with green fluorescent protein by lentiviral vector for 24 and 48 hours at different multiplicity of infection (MOI) (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100). The infection efficiency and fluorescence intensity were analyzed by inverted fluorescent microscopy. The clonal and proliferation ability, cel cycle and the mineralization potential were compared before and after transfection. Based on those mentioned above, we could evaluate the influence of infection on their biological characteristics.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Flow cytometry results showed that rat dental pulp stem cel s expressed STRO-1 and CD146 but not CD34 or CD45. The dental pulp stem cel s could differentiate into osteoblasts and
adipocytes when cultured in specific medium for each lineage differentiation. The highest efficiency of infection and strongest fluorescence expression appeared at 48 hours of infection and MOI 50. There were no significant differences in growth ability, cel colony formation rate and cel cycle before and after transfection (P>0.05). And the alkaline phosphatase expressed positively. Infection for 48 hours at MOI 50 is optimal for transfecting dental pulp stem cel s with green fluorescent protein by a lentiviral vector, thereby providing reliable tracer method for the study of rat dental pulp stem cel s in vivo.

Objective:To explore the correlation between myocardial damage and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and myocardial enzyme spectrum in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods:Sixty children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and myocardial damage admitted to Jining Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 60 children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia admitted during the same period were selected as the control group. The differences in clinical data and imaging features between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis; The logistic regression method was applied to analyze the influencing factors of myocardial damage in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. The value of VEGF and RDW in predicting myocardial damage in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), VEGF, RDW, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), and the duration of fever, application of macrolide drugs, and glucocorticoid application time were significantly longer than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in pulmonary imaging characteristics between the observation group and the control group (all P>0.05). The VEGF and RDW in the observation group were positively correlated with CK-MB and cTnI (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of fever, VEGF, RDW, and duration of macrolide drug use were the influencing factors for myocardial damage in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of VEGF combined with RDW in predicting myocardial damage in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was 0.899, significantly higher than that predicted by VEGF and RDW alone (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The serum VEGF and RDW levels in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia accompanied by myocardial damage are elevated and positively correlated with myocardial enzyme spectrum indicators, which has certain application value in predicting myocardial damage.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant digestive tract tumor with poor prognosis. Most of patients with PC are insensitive to traditional strategies of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. PC with microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) is rare in clinic, which has distinctive clinicopathological characteristics and better prognosis from conventional PC. Reasonable acquisition of pancreatic tumor biopsy and accurate assessment of MSI-H/dMMR status are helpful for accurate diagnosis of such patients. Individualized treatment strategy based on immunotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with MSI-H/dMMR PC. Based on relevant literatures of domestic and foreign, the authors discuss the current status and research hotspots of diagnosis and treatment for MSI-H/dMMR PC.

近年来，免疫治疗在肿瘤治疗中取得了突破性的进展，为晚期肿瘤患者带来生存获益。在免疫治疗的应用中，部分患 者可以获得显著的疗效，仍有部分患者在疾病缓解的一段时间后出现疾病进展，提示存在免疫耐药。本文主要从原发性耐药及 获得性耐药两方面对肿瘤免疫治疗的耐药机制进行综述，同时分析了目前应用较为广泛的两种免疫治疗方法：免疫检查点抑制 剂及CAR-T细胞治疗，为克服耐药取得更好疗效提供参考。

A family carrying a homozygous variant of DNAJB2 gene C.91C>T (p.His31Tyr) with distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) associated with early-onset Parkinson′s disease was reported. The patient presented with distal limb weakness and atrophy at the early stage of the disease, and developed Parkinson′s symptoms more than 10 years later. Neuroelectrophysiological examination suggested motor and sensory axonal involvement. This mutation site had not been reported and was considered to be a neogenic mutagenicity of dHMN, excluding other mutations that can cause early-onset Parkinson′s disease.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is a small segment of circular DNA located outside the chromosome, which has the function of self-replication. Recently, amplification of oncogenes on ecDNA has been proved to be a common phenomenon in tumor cells, and has some characteristics worth studying, such as correlation with patients' poor prognosis. Multiple chromosomal events are involved in the formation of ecDNA, and its amplification can directly increase the number of DNA copies of extra-chromosomal oncogenes and accelerate the generation and development of tumors. Moreover, the segregation pattern of unequal transmission of parental ecDNA cells to offspring not only increases tumor heterogeneity, but also enhances tumor adaptation to environment and response to therapy. This article reviews the current status and potential significance of ecDNA in tumor cells.
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Neurexin-3α, discovered in 2016, is a new type of autoimmune encephalitis antibody. Anti-neurexin-3α antibody-associated encephalitis is generally associated with prodromal symptoms or mood changes, having main clinical manifestations as seizures, memory disorders, confusion or loss of consciousness, central ventilation insufficiency, abnormal behavior, and speech disorders. This paper reviews the relevant research progress at home and abroad about pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of anti-neurexin-3α antibody-associated encephalitis, so as to expand the understanding of clinicians for this disease.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 allele polymorphisms and the presence dental caries among the Uygur and Han children in Xinjiang. METHODS: HLA-DQB1 allele in the Uygur and Han children with dental caries and healthy control in Xinjiang was tested (n=40) using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) DNA parting technology. RESULTS: A total of five specific loci were detected in the HLA-DQB1 locus among the Uygur and Han children. The frequency of the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in the Han group with severe caries (12.5%) was significantly lower than in the control group (32.5%) (P<0.05, OR=0.297). Moreover, the frequency of the HLA-DQB1*05 allele in the Uygur group with severe caries (37.5%) was significantly higher than in the control group (17.5%) (P<0.05, OR=2.829). CONCLUSIONS Caries susceptibility among the Uygur and Han children in Xinjiang is related to the HLA-DQB1 allele. The HLA-DQB1*02 allele may protect against caries among the Han children, whereas the HLA-DQB1*05 allele may be responsible for the susceptibility of the Uygur children to caries.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; China ; Dental Caries ; ethnology ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of Osteoking in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） in real-world practice， so as to provide a basis for the rational clinical use of Osteoking. MethodFrom the Osteoking for knee osteoarthritis case registration system， 638 KOA cases treated with Osteoking were selected and analyzed in SPSS 26.0. The clinical data were collected from 20 hospitals in China from May 2020 to December 2021. Descriptive analyses of patient age， gender， body mass index， course of treatment and other parameters were performed. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare the visual analogue scale （VAS） and Western Ontario and McMaster universities arthritis index （WOMAC） scores before and after treatment. The integrative pharmacology-based research platform of traditional Chinese medicine （TCMIP） v2.0 was used for network analysis of the core targets of Osteoking in treating knee osteoarthritis. Furthermore， 20 KOA patients treated with Osteoking in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from October to December in 2022 were enrolled in the treatment group， and 20 healthy volunteers in the control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the serum levels of related indicators to verify the prediction results. ResultA total of 638 KOA patients were treated with Osteoking， including 429 （67.24%） receiving Osteoking alone and 209 （32.76%） receiving Osteoking combined with other therapies. The female patients （415， 65.05%） were more than the male patients （223， 34.95%）. The patients showed the mean age of （63.48±13.51） years， mean body mass index of （24.09±2.98） kg·m^-2， and mean course of treatment of （15.78±9.66） days. Most of the patients were rated as grades Ⅱ （46.24%） and Ⅲ （34.64%） in Kellgren-Lawrence （K-L） grading and in the relief stage （82.45%） in clinical staging. There was no significant correlation between clinical staging and K-L grading results. The cluster analysis identified three TCM syndromes： Qi stagnation and blood stasis， cold-dampness obstruction， and liver-kidney deficiency. The overall clinical efficacy evaluation showed that VAS score decreased from （6.01±0.85） scores before treatment to （2.54±1.73） scores after treatment （P<0.05）， and the WOMAC score decreased from （93.25±25.91） scores before treatment to （50.73±25.14） scores after treatment （P<0.05）. The network analysis predicted that Osteoking might regulate the transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）， tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， and nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathways to exert the therapeutic effect. The clinical trial showed elevated TGF-β₁ level （P<0.01） and lowered NF-κB subunit RELA and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily， member 1A （TNFRSF1A） levels （P<0.05） after treatment. The synergistic effects of these changes provide a multidimensional and comprehensive therapeutic efficacy for KOA， alleviating the joint pain and limited mobility in patients. ConclusionOsteoking showed significant therapeutic efficacy in treating KOA. Osteoking may act on multiple pathways involved in cartilage metabolism and inflammation. The findings provide experimental evidence and theoretical support for elucidating the multi-target mechanism of Osteoking in treating KOA.