AIM: To compare the changes in corneal epithelial thickness(CET)after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS: A total of 187 patients(187 eyes)who underwent either SMILE or FS-LASIK at Urumqi Aier Eye Hospital between December 2022 and November 2023 were collected. The patients were divided into SMILE group and FS-LASIK group according to surgical methods. The CET of the patients was measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT)system before surgery and at 1 wk, 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively.RESULTS: Changes in corneal epithelial thickness(△CET)in the central, paracentral, and mid-peripheral regions were compared at 6 mo postoperatively. The SMILE group was characterized by the most significant thickening in the central area and the least thickening in the mid-peripheral area; while the FS-LASIK group was characterized by the most significant thickening in the paracentral area and the least thickening in the mid-peripheral region. At 1 wk, 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively, within the 0-7 mm corneal area, the △CET for both the SMILE and FS-LASIK groups was correlated with the preoperative spherical equivalent.CONCLUSION: Within 6 mo postoperatively, both SMILE and FS-LASIK showed a similar trend in epithelial thickening but with distinct characteristics. The change in corneal epithelial thickness for both procedures was positively correlated with the preoperative diopter.

AIM: To observe the changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and higher-order aberrations after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE), and to explore their correlations and influencing factors.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 62 high-degree myopia and compound myopic astigmatism patients(62 eyes)who underwent SMILE in Urumqi Aier Eye Hospital from December 2022 to November 2023 were collected. The CD, root mean square of corneal higher-order aberrations(RMS HOA), spherical aberration, vertical coma, horizontal coma, and corneal epithelial thickness(CET)of the patients were measured before surgery, and at 1 d, 1 wk, 1, 3, and 6 mo after surgery, respectively.RESULTS:There were 4 patients lost to follow-up during the period, all due to failure to attend scheduled reexaminations. The number of complete and valid cases was 58 eyes. The CD in the central and paracentral regions of the anterior, middle, and total layer of the cornea increased significantly on the first day after surgery(all P<0.003). At 6 mo after surgery, there was a slight but statistically significant decrease in the CD of the central and paracentral regions of the anterior and the total anterior layer(all P<0.003). Compared with the preoperative baseline values, the RMS HOA, spherical aberration, and vertical coma significantly increased at 6 mo after surgery(all P<0.003), while the change in horizontal coma was not statistically significant. Compared with the preoperative baseline values, the CET in the central, paracentral, and peripheral regions of the cornea, as well as the total average CET in the 0-7 mm range of the cornea increased at 6 mo after surgery(all P<0.003). At 1 d after surgery, CD of the anterior layer and total layer in the central region of the cornea were positively correlated with the CET in the central region(rs=0.327, rs=0.250, all P<0.05). At 6 mo after the surgery, the CD of the middle layer and posterior layer in the central corneal region were negatively correlated with the preoperative spherical equivalent and the change of RMS HOA(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The anterior CD decreases at 6 mo after SMILE for high myopia correction, and there is a certain correlation between the changes in CD and some clinical parameters.

Reports a case admitted in the Ward I of Department of Surgery of Zhengzhou Renji Hospital in June 2017. A young child who suffered destructive injury of left forearm, wrist and palm with severed 3rd-5th fingers. Tendon and neurovascular repairs of forearm, wrist and palm were performed with pedicled abdomina flap and the 3rd-5th fingers ectopic replantation in Phase I surgery. In the Phase II surgery, the abdomina flap division was carried out. The replantation of severed fingers after ectopic replantation and the reconstruction of foot defect with free anterolateral thigh flap(ALTF) were carried out in Phase III surgery. In Phase IV surgery, fingers functional reconstruction and foot flap thinning were performed. Four years after surgery, the thumb oppositions to middle, ring and little fingers could be completed, with slightly limitations. The appearance and texture of transferred foot flap were good, and the child could walk and run almost normally.

In the past ten years, the research and application of microbiome has continued to increase. The microbiome has gradually become the research focus in the fields of life science, environmental science, and medicine. Meanwhile, many countries and organizations around the world are launching their own microbiome projects and conducting a multi-faceted layout, striving to gain a strategic position in this promising field. In addition, whether it is scientific research or industrial applications, there has been a climax of research and a wave of investment and financing, accordingly, products and services related to the microbiome are constantly emerging. However, due to the rapid development of microbiome sequencing and analysis related technologies and methods, the research and application from various countries have not yet unified on the standards of technology, programs, and data. Domestic industry participants also have insufficient understanding of the microbiome. New methods, technologies, and theories have not yet been fully accepted and used. In addition, some of the existing standards and guidelines are too general with poor practicality. This not only causes obstacles in the integration of scientific research data and waste of resources, but also gives related companies unfair competition opportunity. More importantly, China still lacks national standards related to the microbiome, and the national microbiome project is still in the process of preparation. In this context, the experts and practitioners of the microbiome worked together and developed the consensus of experts. It can not only guide domestic scientific research and industrial institutions to regulate the production, learning and research of the microbiome, the application can also provide reference technical basis for the relevant national functional departments, protect the scale and standardized corporate company's interests, strengthen industry self-discipline, avoid unregulated enterprises from disrupting the market, and ultimately promote the benign development of microbiome-related industries.
China ; Consensus ; Humans ; Industry ; Microbiota

Gene modification is an important technique to understand gene function. We firstly constructed Δhfq::Spe and Δrne-710::Spe mutant strains of Escherichia coli MG1655. The fragment lacking of hfq and rne-710 was ligated to the auxiliary plasmid and separately replace the spectinomycin box by homologous recombinase system to obtain the Δhfq and Δrne-710 mutant strains. The combination of two-plasmid scarless genetic modification and fusion PCR led to a new way for the long DNA fragment gene deletions.

Objective To develop an up-converting phosphor technology based lateral flow assay ( UPT-LF) to detect ricin toxin ( RT) quickly, accurately and quantitatively.Methods Ricin-monoclonal antibodies were prepared and their affinity was evaluated before four types of monoclonal antibodies with the highest titer were applied to couple with the up-converting phosphor nano-particles ( UCP-NPs) as the bio-conjugate and disperse on the analysis membrane as the test line, respectively.Following systematic optimization to establish the RT-UPT-LF strip, the sensitivity, precision, quantita-tive ability and specificity of RT-UPT-LF were evaluated.Results The detection could be accomplished within 15 min and the detection limit of the RT-UPT-LF assay could reach 0.5 ng/ml within the quantitative detection range of 0.5-1000 ng/ml.Other non-specific toxins at a concentration of 1000 ng/ml did not cause any non-specific reactions.Conclusion The developed RT-UPT-LF strip provides a new means for on-site quantitative detection of ricin toxin.

OBJECTIVETo develop an up-converting phosphor technology based lateral flow (UPT-LF) assay for rapid and quantitative detection of Yersinia pestis, Bacillus anthracis spore and Brucella spp.and make the comparison with BioThreat Alert (BTA) test strips (Tetracore Inc., USA).

METHODSUsing up-converting phosphor nano-particles (UCP-NPs) as the bio-marker, three double-antibody-sandwich model based UPT-LF strips including Plague-UPT-LF, Anthrax-UPT-LF, Brucella-UPT-LF were prepared and its sensitivity, accuracy, linearity and specificity were determined by detecting 10(10), 10(9), 10(8), 10(7), 10(6), 10(5) and 0 CFU/ml series of concentrations of Y.pestis, B.anthracis, Brucella standards and other 27 kinds of 10(9) CFU/ml series of contrations of bacteria strains.Furthermore, the speed, sensitivity and accuracy of bacteria standards and simulated sample detection were compared between UPT-LF and BTA system.

RESULTSThe detection limit of Plague-UPT-LF, Anthrax-UPT-LF and Brucella-LF was 10(5) CFU/ml. The CV of series of bacteria concentrations was ≤ 15%, and the r between lg (T/C-cut-off) and lg (concentration) was 0.996,0.998 and 0.999 (F values were 1 647.57, 743.51 and 1 822.17. All the P values were <0.001), respectively. The specificity of Plague-UPT-LF and Brucella-LF were excellent, while that of Anthrax-UPT-LF was a little bit regretful because of non-specific reaction with two isolates of B. subtilis and one B.cereus. On-site evaluation showed the detection time of UPT-LF for all Y.pestis, B.anthracis spore and Brucella spp.was 33, 36 and 37 min, while BTA was 115, 115 and 111 min, which revealed the higher detection speed and sensitivity of UPT-LF comparing with BTA. The negative rate of two methods for blank standard was both 5/5, the sensitivity of UPT-LF for Y.pestis,B.anthracis spore and Brucella spp. was all 10(5) CFU/ml, then BTA was 10(6), 10(6) and 10(5) CFU/ml, respectively. The detection rate of UPT-LF for all three bacteria analog positive samples was 16/16, while BTA for B.anthracis was 7/16 only.

CONCLUSIONThe good performance including rapidness, simplicity and high sensitivity will bring the bright future of UPT-LF to be broadly used on-site as first response to bio-terrorism.

OBJECTIVETo develop an up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral-flow (UPT-LF) assay for rapid quantitative detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei on site.

METHODSThe strip Bps-UPT-LF strip was prepared with up-converting phosphor (UCP) particles as the bio-label using double-antibody sandwich method. Detection performance, including sensitivity, quantitative accuracy, precision, and specificity, were first evaluated using bacterial suspensions of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the related species and the strains which had similar routes of transmission with serial standard concentrations diluted by phosphate buffer, then biological and chemical reagents and simulated samples with series concentrations were employed for sample tolerance evaluation, while the operation error during on site detection was also evaluated through adjusting liquid measure.

RESULTSThe whole detection was accomplished within 20 minutes, and the sensitivity was 10(4) CFU/ml with linear quantitative range from 10(4) CFU/ml to 10(7) CFU/ml, which covered four orders of magnitude. Bps-UPT-LF strip demonstrated high specificity with the absence of any false-positive result even at 10(7) and 10(8) CFU/ml of non-specific bacterial contamination. Not only Bps-UPT-LF strip could tolerate to high concentration of the extreme acid and basic matter (pH 1-12), saline matter (≤ 2 mol/L mixture of NaCl and KCl), viscous materials (≤ 50 g/L of PEG 20000 and ≤ 20% of glycerol) and bio-macromolecule (≥ 400 g/L of bovine serum albumin or ≥ 80 g/L of casein), but also it can directly detect animal, environmental and powder specimen, such as ≥ 400 g/L of milk powder, flour powder, fruit juice, fresh and decomposed viscera, and ≤ 200 g/L of putty powder, sucrose, gourmet powder, and soil. Operation errors of liquid measure had few effects on sensitivity and specificity, including -50%-200% of sample, -22%-44% of sample-treating buffer and -30%-30% of loading mixture.

CONCLUSIONThe good detection performance and tolerance performance bring the bright future for Bps-UPT-LF strip to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei on site rapidly and quantitatively for nature foci surveillance and anti-bioterrorism.

Objective To develop an up-converting phosphor technology based lateral flow (UPT-LF) assay for rapid detection of Salmonella paratyphi A, S.paratyphi B, Escherichia coli O157 ∶H7 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Methods With up-converting phosphor nano-particles ( UCP-NPs ) as the bio-marker, four double-antibody-sandwich mode based UPT-LF strips for detecting the above mentioned four pathogens were prepared respectively and their sensitivi-ty, accuracy, linearity and specificity were evaluated .Furthermore, the feasibility of detecting bacteria in food samples was evaluated by different food samples artificially contaminated with less than 10 CFU target pathogens .Results The sensitivi-ty of UPT-LF assays for four pathogens was 105 ~106 CFU/ml with excellent specificity .The four strips had a good linear response with the linear fitting coefficient of determination (r) for each target pathogen ranging from 0.985 to 0.996.The positive rate of detecting pathogens from samples was acceptable .Conclusion The four developed UPT-LF strips provide a new choice for rapid , specific and sensitive and quantitative detection of S.paratyphi A , S.paratyphi B, E.coli O157∶H7 and V.parahemolyticus.