Objective To explore the effects of formaldehyde (FA) on the contents of CD3, CD4, CD8 and the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in the spleen and thymus of mice. Methods 30 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 in each and treated with FA: the negative control group, 1 mg/m3, 3 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 and the positive control group (treated with cyclophosphamide, CP). The mice were exposed to FA by static state inhalation in a chamber for 14 days, then the contents of CD3, CD4, CD8, MDA and the activity of SOD in the liver, spleen and thymus were determined. Results The contents of CD3, CD4, CD8 in the spleen and thymus showed a significant decreasing as the exposure dose increasing, an obvious dose-response relation was seen and there were significant differences between FA exposed groups and the control group (P

ObjectiveTo explore the advantages and disadvantages of different local anesthetic subarachnoid block in patients with cesarean section.Methods120 patients to be in the spinal-epidural cesarean section down,were randomly divided into 3 groups(n =40):lighter than restructuring( Q group),so the proportion of(D),heavy weight ( Z group).Q Group:0.75 ％ bupivacaine 2ml + sterile water for injection 1ml,D group:0.75 ％ bupivacaine 2ml + CSF 1 ml,Z group:0.75％ bupivacaine 2ml + 10％ glucose,1 ml,2ml of each group were given(10mg).Characteristics in each group anesthesia,blood pressure,heart rate,complications and postoperative neurological effects were observed.ResultsThree groups made the same anesthesia,patients satisfaction with anesthesia had no significant difference.Z group was significantly improved compared with block group D and Q group( t =8.3,7.3,all P ＜ 0.05 ),Z group was the highest plane analgesia group than the high D and Q,Z group was significantly longer than the duration of sensory block and Q group(P ＜0.05),Z group and D duration of sensory block had no significant difference.Z group was significantly greater than the impact of the cycle Q and D groups.Anesthesia hypotension,nausea and vomiting,weight was significantly lighter than the restructuring,such as the proportion of high group.ConclusionCesarean section in the three groups in the proportion of different local anesthetic achieved the same anesthesia,and spinal anesthesia and other medication had the proportion of liquid single,and it was relatively simple,safe and more suitable for cesarean section anesthesia.

Objective To determine the effects of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) on oxidative stress in patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV). Methods Forty-five patients undergoing elective radical esophageal cancer resection were divided into three groups with 15 cases each by random digits table: two lung ventilation group ( group A), OLV group (group B), HFJV- OLV group ( group C, working pressure 1 kg/cm2 and frequency 100 times/min). Venous blood samples were taken before induction (T0),at30min (T1),90min (T2),150min (T3) after OLV and the end of operation (T4) for measuring serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Results SOD was lower at T2-T4 in group B[(47 ± 10), (37 ±9), (41 ±7) kU/L] and group C[(58 ± 12), (51 ± 11), (49 ± 9) kU/L] than those in group A [(78 ±8), (75 ±7), (79 ±6) kU/L](P＜ 0.05),and MDA and NO were lower at T1-T4 in group B and group C than that in group A(P＜ 0.05). SOD was higher at T3 in group C than that in group B (P ＜ 0.05), MDA at T1-T4 and NO at T2-T4 were lower in group C than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion HFJV can effectively decrease oxidative stress in patients during OLV.

Objective To develop a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ( SPIO ) based on MRI probe specifically targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and explore its value as MRI positive contrast agents in vitro.Methods (1) The superparamagnetic iron oxide ( PS) was obtained by means of classical coprecipitation in polylactic acid solution , then coupled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled LTVSPYW to develop the targeted probe ( FITC-LTVSPWY-PS).The particle size was measured under transmission electron microscope.Relaxation rate was detected by 3.0 T MR scanner.(2) Climbing films of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 were prepared and incubated with FITC-LTVSPWY-SPIO, then fluorescence distribution was observed under inverted microscope.And distribution of iron particles was confirmed by prussian blue staining.(3) MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with FITC-LTVSPWY-SPIO and PS, respectively.MCF-7 incubated with FITC-LTVSPWY-PS were used as experimental group, MCF-7 treated with PS as control group , and cells added with nothing as blank group.There were 3 samples in each group.The MR imaging was performed only once and T 2 WI signal intensity of cells was recorded.The comparison of T 2 signal intensity among groups was conducted by using one-way ANOVA.Results The core and surface size of nanoparticles were (13.9 ±1.6) nm and (122.0 ±5.5) nm respectively.Zeta potential and relaxation rate of the FITC-LTVSPWY-PS were ( -30.7 ±2.2 ) mV and 70.7 m· M-1 · s-1 respectively, and the PS were (28.1 ±2.8) mV and 72.1 m· M-1 · s-1 respectively.The fluorescence could be seen on the surface of MCF-7 cells, and the prussian blue staining showed that FITC-LTVSPWY-PS could specifically target HER 2-positive cells.The low signal on T 2 WI was observed in MCF-7 cells incubated with FITC-LTVSPWY-PS, whereas cells treated with PS and blank group showed equal signals , the T2 values were ( 61.8 ±5.7 ) , ( 101.6 ±2.5 ) and ( 103.5 ±1.9 ) ms respectively.Significant difference existed among these groups ( F =355.698, P <0.05 ).Conclusions The MR targeting probe FITC-LTVSPWY-PS was prepared successfully , its physical characterization and magnetic properties could target the HER 2 highly expressing on the surface of breast cancer cells and meet the need of targeted imaging.It provides an important tool for MR molecular imaging.

Objective To explore the cancer incidence in registration areas in Shanxi Province. Methods Data of 8 cancer registration areas in 2011 were taken into account and cancer incidence in different areas with different ages was compared with that in other domestic areas. Results 8 395 new cases in Shanxi all cancer sites were reported in 2011, including 4 810 male and 3 585 female. The incidence of malignant cancer of Shanxi was 207.53/100 000, and the standardized incidence of Chinese population and world population were 125.20/100 000 and 165.72/100 000, respectively. In urban areas, the incidence of Shanxi and the standardized incidence of Chinese population were 202.49/100 000 and 112.81/100 000, respectively. In rural areas, incidence rate of Shanxi was 211.96/100 000 and the standardized incidence of Chinese population was 138.43/100 000. In Shanxi Province, the major malignant cancer sites for males involved stomach, lung, esophagus, liver and colorectum, and cancer sites for females were more on cervix, lung, breast, stomach and esophagus. Conclusions Upper gastrointestinal cancer and uterine cervix cancer are the major cancers in Shanxi registration areas. The incidence of stomach cancer and uterine cervix cancer in Shanxi Province are much higher than national average.

Objective To investigate the effect of CDT1 gene over-expression on the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution in liver cells with a characteristic of genomic instability induced by radiation(GIR).Methods Lentivirus particles were transferred into liver cells of GIR to up-regulate the expression of CDT1 gene.The apoptosis and the cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The expression changes of p53,ATM,ATR,Bcl-2,and Caspase-3 genes were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results CDT1 gene was efficiently increased by the gene transfection(t =15.56,P ＜ 0.05).In the CDT1 over-expressed cells,while the apoptosis ratio was increased (t =4.19,P ＜ 0.05),the expressions of p53 and Bcl-2 gene were decreased (t =-4.21,-2.06,P ＜ 0.05),but the expression of ATM,ATR and Caspase-3 changed with no significant difference compared with control.Conclusions Over-expression of CDT1 could regulate genomic instability through apoptosis pathway and checkpoint independent of p53.

With the extensive application of uranium in military, industrial and civil fields, the possibility of human exposure to uranium has become increasingly likely. When uranium is accidentally released into the environment, it can enter the human body by various pathways and accumulate in the kidneys, leading to proximal tubule epithelial cell damage or even death, and in severe cases, nephrotoxicity. Uranium exerts both chemical and radiological toxicity, with its kidney-damaging effects primarily attributed to chemical toxicity. Low-level uranium exposure causes mild kidney damage, while prolonged or high-level exposure alters kidney structure and biomarker level of uranium-induced nephrotoxicity (such as creatinine, urea nitrogen and kidney injury molecule-1, etc.). Uranium exposure also induces DNA damage and mutations, kidney inflammation, and renal cell autophagy. Current research on uranium nephrotoxicity primarily focuses on uranium-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to oxidative stress and apoptosis (mainly by mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathway), ultimately causing renal tissue damage. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying uranium-induced kidney toxicity remain incomplete. Future research on mechanism of uranium-induced cell damage, especially metabolism, intracellular distribution, and additional mechanisms, remains a long-term and challenging endeavor.

Objective:To explore the cancer incidence and mortality in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014.Methods:The data of 12 cancer registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014 were taken to analyze the characteristics of cancer incidence and mortality for patients with different age and gender in different areas. And then the results were compared with the malignant cancer incidence and mortality in the nationwide.Results:There were 11 703 new cases, including 6 559 males and 5 144 females in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014, and the incidence rate was 221.21/10 5, while the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population and world population was 163.91/10 5 and 163.25/10 5, respectively. The cancer incidence rate in urban areas was 247.02/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 171.35/10 5. In rural areas, the cancer incidence rate was 205.98/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 159.03/10 5. The common cancer sites were stomach, lung, esophagus, liver and colorectum for males. And breast, cervix, lung, esophagus, stomach were the common cancer sites for females. There were 7 283 malignant death cases, including 4 548 males and 2 735 females. The crude cancer mortality rate was 137.66/10 5, and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 99.67/10 5 and world population was 100.11/10 5. The crude cancer mortality rate in urban areas was 141.03/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 92.84/10 5. In rural areas, the crude cancer mortality rate was 135.68/10 5 and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 103.69/10 5. Male common malignant tumor deaths included lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, while lung, stomach, liver, esophagus and cervix were the common cancer death sites for females. Conclusions:The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in registration areas in Shanxi Province are mainly lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer and cervix uteri cancer. The incidence rates of stomach cancer and cervical cancer are high.

Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of restless leg syndrome (RLS) and its related influencing factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Anhui province.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study, including regular MHD patients in blood purification centers of 27 hospitals in southern, central and northern Anhui province from January to March 2020. The investigation included general demographic characteristics, primary diseases, complications, dialysis-related conditions and drug use. According to the presence or absence of RLS, the patients were divided into RLS group and non-RLS group, and the differences of clinical data between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of RLS.Results:The study included 3 025 MHD patients, aged (54.8±12.8) years old, with 1 819 males (60.1%) and 1 206 females (39.9%). The dialysis age was (5.5±3.8) years. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients were 8.8% (265/3 025), of which 13.7% (77/561), 7.7% (88/1 145) and 7.6% (100/1 319) in southern, central and northern Anhui province, respectively. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients in secondary and tertiary hospitals were 9.5% (55/577) and 8.6% (210/2 448), respectively. Proportion of hypertension, dialysis age, intact parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, 25(OH)D3, and proportions of secondary hyperparathyroidism, erythropoietin use, iron supplements, active vitamin D use, calcimimetic use, dialysis blood flow <250 ml/min and low-flux dialyzers in RLS group were higher than those in non-RLS group, while hemoglobin level and proportions of non-calcium-phosphorus binders and high-flux dialyzers were lower than those in non-RLS group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that long dialysis age ( OR=1.188, 95% CI 1.031-1.369, P=0.017) and high alkaline phosphatase ( OR=1.007, 95% CI 1.001-1.013, P=0.047) were correlated with a higher risk of RLS in MHD patients. Conclusions:The prevalence rate of RLS in MHD patients in Anhui province is 8.8%. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients in southern, central and northern Anhui province are 13.7%, 7.7% and 7.6%, respectively. The prevalence rate of RLS in secondary and tertiary hospitals are 9.5% and 8.6%, respectively. Long dialysis age and high alkaline phosphatase are associated with a high risk of RLS in MHD patients.

Coronavirus infection can cause serious respiratory and digestive system diseases in hu-mans and animals.In recent years,the frequent outbreaks and newly outbreaks of coronavirus in-fection have threatened global public health and the development of livestock and poultry.Howev-er,the development of anti-coronavirus drugs and vaccines was restricted due to the insufficient understanding of the mechanisms of coronavirus pathogenesis and cross species transmission.Re-verse genetic manipulation technology is a powerful tool in virological research,which can be used for the study of pathogenesis mechanisms,replication mechanisms and function analysis of protein.It is also be used in the development of attenuated or gene labeled vaccines,and antiviral drugs.Due to the large genome and complex structure of the coronavirus,the reverse genetic manipulation technology of coronavirus has been lagging for a long time.With the continuous updating of molec-ular biology methods,various new construction strategies have emerged.This article focuses on the construction strategy of the reverse genetic operating system for coronavirus,as well as its applica-tion in virus transmission and pathogenic mechanisms,and development of vaccines,which will provide favorable tools for the prevention and control of the coronavirus infection.