Both long term follow up and real world research on chronic hepatitis B have accumulated data on nucleos (t) ide analogues in anti-HBV treatment,which shows that resistance mutation turns out to be the major obstacle in achieving response.Identification of genotypic resistance at early stage is key to improve strategy.Deep-sequencing will be helpful to predict resistance earlier.Direct acting autiviral agents on hepatitic C virus tell us resistance at the very beginning,however,more data is still needed to elucidate how to use resistance monitoring of anti-HCV treatment.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common blood-borne pathogen that relies heavily on laboratory assays for the confirmation of infection. Anti-HCV testing is the earliest and classical method which is easy to perform but has a long window period (7 - 8 weeks with the third-generation method) compared to the nucleic acid test (NAT). NAT provides direct evidence for the presence of HCV and quantitative HCV RNA testing has been applied to monitor the antiviral response to treatment. In some developed countries NAT is also used for blood screening. Cost-effectiveness and standardization are the major challenges for NAT. In recent years HCV core antigen assay and the combination antigen-antibody assay have been introduced in some clinical laboratories and proved to be premising in the early diagnosis of HCV, whereas they still remain less sensitive than NAT and require methodological improvement. Finally, HCV genotyping assays based on sequencing or reverse hybridization can provide important prognostic information related to therapeutic response, however, it is rarely used in China due to the high cost.

The procedures for the calculation and measurement and calibration of output dose of the Siemens primus E accelerator with IAEA regulation are introduced to probe an accurate,rapid and effective method.The parameter value of measurement is determined according to IAEA regulations and absorbed dose calculation formal is briefed to the form that the reading of instrument multiplies exposure calibration coefficient Nx and Air temperature,pressure and humidity effects Ktp and cumulative correction factor Cf the precision of accelerator conform to the standard of QA&QC by the measurement and calibration of the Hospital Primus E accelerator in output dose.The methods of measurement and calibration can be used for the determination of output dose in precise radiotherapy of digital medical linear accelerator and clinical treatment.

Persistent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains as a worldwide threat to public health,which involves a complex interaction between virus- and host related factors.HCV is classified as six genotypes and many subtypes according to the sequence heterogenecity.HCV genotype should be determined prior to treatment initiation since it plays a key role in selection of therapeutic regimen for chronic hepatitis C.Development of the antiviral treatment with protease inhibitor in combination with pegylated IFN-α and ribavirin requires the accurate determination of subtypes,e.g. 1a and 1b,as well.Genotyping methods based onsequenceanalysis, reversehybridizationorreal-timePCRhavebeendevelopedand evaluated.Some issues,however,should be settled to standardize the utility and result interpretation of these methods.More recently,host genotypes of IL28B have been found to be closely associated with HCV spontaneous clearance and the response to antiviral therapy.Moreover,polymorphisms in inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase gene affect ribavirin-induced anemia.Therefore, host genotyping will be beneficial in predicting the outcome of chronic hepatitis C and monitoring the drug-induced adverse events.

The choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) and the molecular forms of acetyl-cholinesterase (ACHE) activites in various brain regions of 20-day-old hypothyroid and hyper-thyroid rats were measured. The results provided the following information: 1) CHAT and ACHE activities were directly interrelated with thyroid hormones. 2) In both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats the nonextractable ACHE activity was distinctly decreased in every brain region, suggesting that both conditions were affected in the critical period of cholinergic synaptic development. 3) The ratio of membrane-bound ACHE to soluble ACHE decreased;it showed that thyroid hormone deficiency might distrub development and maturation of cholinergic neurons. 4) In most regions of the central nervous system,the CHAT seemed to be more affected than ACHE by thyroid hormones.

2?mol/L) was obvious and the inhibitive degree was nearly 100% when the concentrations of arsenic trioxide and cisplatin were 12?mol/L and 4?mol/L. 2.Higher concentrations of arsenic trioxide and cisplatin perturbed cell through S-phase and up-regulated p53 gene expressions.Conclusions The inhibitive effect of arsenic trioxide combined with cisplatin was more obvious than either one used separately; the apoptosis mechanism of ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910 is related with perturbing of S phase and up-regulating of p53 gene expression.

Objective To investigate the level of serum free fatty acid (FFA )after improving the life style in patients with coronary heart disease complicated metabolic syndrome and the effect of therapeutic life style on traditional risk factors of coronary artery disease.Methods A total of 395 patients with coronary heart disease complicated metabolic syndrome were recruited.Pa-tients were divided into intervention group (group A,conventional drug therapy+ intensive life style intervention,n=97)and non-intervention group (group B,conventional drug therapy,n=38)according to the scores of life style.Serum free fatty acid (FFA) was determined by ELASA.The scores of life style was obtained bylife style questionnaire.Results (1)The serum FFA of pa-tients with coronary heart disease complicated metabolic syndrome were positively related to waist circumference and waist-high-ra-tio.(2)Waist circumference,BMI and FFA of group A were significantly lower than those in group B after therapeutic life style in-tervention(P <0.05).(3)Compared with the baseline,the constitution index and FFA in group A were significantly lower after 6-months therapeutic life style intervention(P <0.05).Conclusion Therapeutic life style can reduce the level of FFA and constitution index of the patients with coronary heart disease complicated metabolic syndrome.

Background Some occupational asthma patients have a high risk of poor prognosis, and early assessment and screening of the high-risk groups with poor prognosis are crucial. Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of serum histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) in occupational asthma patients. Methods An occupational asthma group containing 100 occupational asthma patients admitted to Baodi District People's Hospital of Tianjin between March 2020 and March 2023 were divided into a mild group of 38 cases, a moderate group of 40 cases, and a severe group of 22 cases, and re-divided into a good prognosis group of 66 cases and a poor prognosis group of 34 cases. During the same period, 98 ordinary asthma patients were recruited as the ordinary asthma group and 98 healthy individuals as the healthy control group. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships of prognosis with HDAC2, sST2, patients separated from allergen after diagnosis, age, body mass index (BMI), gender, smoking history, years of work, family history of asthma, allergy history, good medication adherence, regular follow-up visits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate potential predictive value of serum HDAC2 and sST2, and Z-test was used to compare the area under the curve (AUC). Results The serum HDAC2 concentration [(11.13±2.26) ng·L⁻¹] in the occupational asthma group was lower than that in the ordinary asthma group and the healthy control group [(16.72±3.15), (22.75±4.92) ng·L⁻¹], while the sST2 concentration [(16.64±3.47) ng·L⁻¹] in the occupational asthma group was lower than that in the ordinary asthma group and the healthy control group [(12.49±2.31), (9.04±1.98) ng·L⁻¹] (F=256.623, 201.091; P<0.05). The serum HDAC2 concentration [(7.60±1.67) ng·L⁻¹] in the severe group was lower than that in the moderate and the mild groups [(10.02±2.35), (14.34±3.88) ng·L⁻¹], while the sST2 concentration [(24.65±6.31) ng·L⁻¹] in the severe group was lower than that in the moderate and the mild groups [(16.88±3.50), (11.75±3.09) ng·L⁻¹](F=41.731, 67.564; P<0.05). The serum HDAC2 and the proportion of patients separated from allergen after diagnosis in the poor prognosis group were lower than those in the good prognosis group [(8.19±1.94) vs (12.64±3.29) ng·L⁻¹, 64.71% vs 93.94%], and the serum sST2 in the poor prognosis group was higher than that in the good prognosis group [(21.67±5.86) vs (14.05±3.62) ng·L⁻¹] (t/χ²=7.253, 12.177, 8.020; P<0.05). HDAC2 and sST2 were associated with poor 6-month prognosis in the occupational asthma patients (P<0.05). The AUCs for predicting poor prognosis in the occupational asthma patients by serum HDAC2 and sST2 concentrations alone and in combination were 0.826, 0.838, and 0.902, respectively. Conclusion The serum HDAC2 concentration decreases and the sST2 concentration increases in patients with occupational asthma, and these two indicators may have important predictive value for poor disease prognosis.

Humans ; Tooth Extraction ; methods

Objective To identify the features of colon electricity activities and the motion in viscerally hypersensitive rats. Methods The rats were divided into control group and model group that was latter sensitized by chicken egg albumen.After two weeks, the colon spike potential, slow wave and the colon contraction were recorded. The interdigestive myoelectric complex cycle,the duration of phase Ⅲ,spike potential and slow wave propagation rate and average largest amplitude were observed,and then the number of the contraction, the index of contraction were recorded. Results Both IMC cycle and phase Ⅲ were prolonged, spike potential propagation frequency speeded up (P