Objective To assess the diagnostic value of three-dimensional(3D) helical CT imaging in the cases of complex maxillofacial fractures and to discuss the clinical usefulness of 3D to surgeons.Methods 26 patients with trauma suspected of having complex facial fractures were examined with thin-slice CT scan and 3D reconstruction.Results The location,shape and displacement of fragment of complex maxillofacial fractures were demonstrated steroscopically by three-dimensional images reconstructed from helical CT.Conclusion 3D helical CT imaging can provide valuable information in demonstrating the space relationships of maxillofacial fractures.

0.05).Conclusion:Secnidazole is effective and safe in the treatment of pericoronitis.

BACKGROUND: According to up-to-date development, the best timing to repair cleft palateis at 9-12 months old after birth when the articulation does not begin to develop.However, there are many over-eight-year-old children who still suffer from unrepaired cleft palate. Therefore, it is veryimportant to adopt proper surgery for these patients to improve palate form and articulatory function. OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of the cleft palate in patients of over 8 years old and the effects of palate repair and posterior pharyngeal flap transplantation (PPFT) on articulation. DESIGN:A controlled study with children patients as subjects. SETTING: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four children patients of cleft palate who were treated in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery ,Medical College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2000 through December 2003 were enrolled in the study. Fourteen were male and ten female. Their ages varied from 8 to 20 years old (mean 13.8 years). Three cases were bilateral complete cleft palate and twelve cases were unilateral complete cleft palate. Nine were incomplete cleft palate. METHODS :Two flap palatoplasty and upper pedicle PPFT were conducted in all the patients. In thirty days after surgical treatment, the patients were asked to repeat the words of a doctor in the phonetic lab with his or her lips 10 cm away from microphone. The words of the patients were recorded and evaluated subjectively by 5 doctors specialized in pathologic phones. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES :The palatopharynx was observed with nasopharyngoscope before and after operation. And the improvement of nasal gas leakage and enhanced rhinophonia were also evaluated. RESULTS: The repaired cleft palate was healed in the first intention in all the patients. The soft palate retreated satisfactorily and the palatopharynx was apparently closed, which created good preconditions for articulation. The patients' articulation was also improved in different degrees. All the 24 patients had the fourth grade of enhanced rhinophonia and nasal gas leakage before repairing. After palate repair and PPFT, the enhanced rhinophonia and nasal gas leakage of grade 1 was in 3 patients, grade 2 in seven, grade 3 in six and grade 4 in eight patients. CONCLUSION: The combination of palate repair and pharyngoplasty is able to improve the form of soft palate and the articulation of over-eightyear-old patients with cleft palate.

Objective:To identify the cDNA gene of mouse MyoD by restriction enzyme analysis, and to express the gene in Escherichia coli (E coli) using a protein expression vector.Methods: After the cDNA gene of mouse MyoD had been amplified and identified,it was inserted into expression vector pBV220 in which exogenous gene was controlled by R RP L promoters.The recombinant plasmid pBV-my was transformed into E coli DH5? and the bacteria were induced at 42 ℃ to express encoded protein.Results:The cDNA of mouse MyoD was sequenced correctly.When the engineered bacteria had been induced an anticipated 55 ku protein band from the bacteria was observed on SDS-PAGE gel and amounted to 30% of total bacterial protein. Conclusion:The cDNA of mouse MyoD has been successfully coloned and efficiently expressed in E coli.

Humans ; Tooth Extraction ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this retrospective study is to present the long-term effects of open healing of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) in the mandible.

METHODSA retrospective case series study was conducted on 41 patients with large KCOTs (the maximum diameter of the tumors exceeded 5 cm) treated at our institution between September 2003 and April 2011. A conservative surgical treatment was applied. The treatment involved enucleation of the primary lesion through narrow unroofing and open packing of the residual osseous defect with iodoform gauze for secondary healing. Bone regenera- tion and surgical complications were observed. The long-term effects of the treatment were followed up.

RESULTSThe inferior alveolar nerve was exposed in the KCOT bone cavity in all cases, and some nerves adhered to the tumor tightly. The post- operative follow-up time was 81.5 months on the average (36 to 127 months). The packing gauze was changed every two weeks after enucleation, and the total duration time for packing was 8.9 months on the average (3 to 15 months). Notable bone regeneration and satisfactory secondary healing were observed clinically and radiographically. The KCOT-affected teeth were reserved, and their chewing functions were restored. Two cases presented recurrences after the initial treatment. The recurrence rate was 4.9% (2/41). No serious complications were observed.

CONCLUSIONEnucleation associated with subsequent open packing is a reliable treatment for patients with large KCOTs in the mandible.

Adult ; Bone Regeneration ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mastication ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To observe the behavior therapy efficacy in dental fear patients for dental extraction using video eyewear and N_2O inhalation. Methods: 100 patients were divided into two groups, one group only used N_2O and other group used N_2O with video eyewear. Compared two groups′ Frankl behavior rating scale and Houpt scale after dental extraction. The HR and SpO_2 were measured during dental extraction. Results: Using video eyewear and N_2O showed a significant good sedative effect on patients with dental fear. There were statistical difference in the Frankl behavior rating scale and Houpt scale between experiment group and control group(P<0.01). There were no significant changes in heat rate and SpO_2 before and after in two groups. Conclusion: Video eyewear and N_2O inhalation sedation is good for dental fear patient during dental extraction.

Objective:To study the feasibility of extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth using turbine drill and new instruments. Methods: 600 patients with impacted mandibular third molars were divides into 2 groups. A group used turbine drill and new instruments to extract the impacted mandibular third molar. B group used the dental chisel to extract the impacted mandibular third molar. The operation time, intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded to assess the effects of the methods. Results: The operation time of group A and group B was (22.285±12.025 01) min and (16.115±12.078 62) min respectively. The operation time of group A was shorter(P<0.05). The intraoperative and postoperative complication incidence rate was lower(P<0.05). Conclusion: Turbine drill and new instruments method is superior to dental chisel method in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth.

Objective:To compare the outcomes of guide bone regeneration by calcined bovine bone and Bio-Oss graft material in alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction.Methods:280 patients were divided into two groups randomly.Each patient had single tooth extracted.The sockets were filled with calcined bovine bone in 140 patients and Bio-Oss graft in another 140 patients. After shaping,all the sockets were covered with Bio-Gide membrane.Buccal mucoperiosteal flap was released and sutured to close the alveolar sockets.The patients were regularly examined at the 1st,12th and 24th week after surgery.Physical examination and X-ray evaluation were applied to compare the outcomes of the two materials in alveolar ridge preservation.Results:No infection and re-jection occurred.The radiographic results showed the width and height of the alveolar bone were preserved well at the 12th and 24th weeks.No statistically difference was found in the two groups at the 1st and 24th weeks(P>0.05).Conclusion:The two graft ma-terials can effectively preserve alveolar bone after tooth extraction.

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of natural calcined bone repair material(NCBM)in repairing bone defect af-ter tooth extraction.Methods:A randemized,double-blinded,parallel,positive control(Bio-Oss)and multi-center clinical trial was employed.Imaging examination was used as the main efficacy evaluation index,surgical wound healing,rejection reaction,bone me-tabolic changes,bone infection signs were the subordinate efficacy evaluation indexes,the incidence of adverse reactions was observed for safety evaluation.Results:280 cases were included,269 cases completed the trial.In NCBMand Bio-Oss group the effective rate of imaging examination was 93.08% and 93.70%(P >0.05)respectively.The wound healing time of the 2 groups was less than 7 days,no rejection reaction,bone metabolic change and bone infection sign were observed.The incidence of adverse events in NCBM and the Bio-Oss group was 0.72% and 2.14%(P >0.05)respectively.Conclusion:The efficacy and safety between natural cal-cined bone repair material is not inferior to Bio-Oss in repairing bone defect after tooth extraction.