Ophthalmic imaging including radiographic imaging, acoustic imaging and optical imaging,as a branch of medical imaging has developed rapidly. Optical imaging is very suitable for fundus examination because of the physiological characteristics of the eye. Ophthalmoscope and fundus fluorescein angiography are two historical stages of fundus optical imaging, which become an independent new discipline now, including infrared fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. Comprehensive optical imaging plays an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of ocular fundus diseases. Appropriate understanding the principles and significance of various optical imaging methods is very important for their clinical applications.

Objective To discuss the change of androgen level in postmenopausal women with coronal atherosclerosis heart dis-ease,and to discuss its clinical significance.Methods According to the results of coronary angiography,218 cases of possible coro-nal atherosclerosis heart disease patients were divided into the observational group with 93 cases of coronal atherosclerosis heart disease patients,and the control group with non-coronal atherosclerosis heart disease patients.The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,testostemne and andmstenedione in blood were investigated in two groups.Results The level of blood glucose was not statisti-cally different between the two groups(P >0.05),however,the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure,TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C were statistically different between the two groups (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion The level of androgen in postmenopausal women with coronal atherosclerosis heart disease are higher than postmenopausal women without coronal atherosclerosis heart dis-ease.Androgen detection is useful for the monitoring and diagnosis for postmenopausal women with coronal atherosclerosis heart disease.

For the cultivation of medical students medical professionalism and evaluation has become a hot is-sue in the medical colleges medical education at home and abroad, but for junior medical students′professional spirit evaluation research is less.This paper introduces the basic concept of responsibility index and application by introducing foreign medical schools responsibility index for evaluation in school doctor students physician profession-alism, analysis the advantages and disadvantages of the method.Think the responsibility index is based on the spe-cific behavior evaluation, the result is more accurate, is suitable for junior medical students′professional spirit e-valuation system, compared with other evaluation system, responsibility index, pay more attention to guidance and specification in advance.But responsibility index also has some disadvantages.Such as responsibility index evalua-tion process must face some ethical challenges, lack of integrity and evaluation framework design.

Under pathologic conditions, nitric oxide causes peripheral insulin resistance by impairing key signal molecules of insulin signaling pathway and mediates dysfunction of islet ? cells caused by lipids, cytokines and hyperglycemia, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) and the molecular forms of acetyl-cholinesterase (ACHE) activites in various brain regions of 20-day-old hypothyroid and hyper-thyroid rats were measured. The results provided the following information: 1) CHAT and ACHE activities were directly interrelated with thyroid hormones. 2) In both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats the nonextractable ACHE activity was distinctly decreased in every brain region, suggesting that both conditions were affected in the critical period of cholinergic synaptic development. 3) The ratio of membrane-bound ACHE to soluble ACHE decreased;it showed that thyroid hormone deficiency might distrub development and maturation of cholinergic neurons. 4) In most regions of the central nervous system,the CHAT seemed to be more affected than ACHE by thyroid hormones.

The Medical College of Panzhihua University has developed a series of curriculum reform based on Medical Professionalism, investigating the basic idea, curriculum design and assess-ment system of Medical Professionalism curriculum reform, emphasizing the combination of medical professionalism curriculum with clinical courses, in the hope of providing a unified and acknowledged medical professionalism curriculum.

Objective To investigate the relationship between social support,coping style and general well-bing in armymen.Methods 280 armymen were tested by General Well-Being Schedule(GWB),coping style questionnaire and social support scale.Results There was a significant difference between the common soldiers and the other armymen(P<0.05);all the factor scores of GWB were related highly with all the factors of coping style and social support(P<0.05～0.01).Conclusion Coping style and social support in armymen are related to the general well-being.

Objective To investigate changes ane clinical significance of renal pathomorphology ane transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1 ),connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)of rats with eifferent stages of eiabetes mellitus(DM). Methods Thirty-six SD rats were raneomly eivieee into control ane DM group. Rats in DM group were given streptozotocin(STZ)at a eose of 65 mg/ kg boey weight ane rats in control group were given same amount citric acie/ soeium citrate buffer solution. Rats were killee at 4th,12th ane 24th weeks after DM moeels establishment. The renal hyeroxyproline concentration(HPC)was measuree. Masson′s trichrome was performee to observe perivascular collagen area(PVCA). Glomerular collagen eeposition score(GCDS),tubular interstitial eisease score(TIDS)in kieney interstitial tissue were measuree. Immunohistochemical staining were usee to measure the expression of type Ⅰ ane Ⅲ collagen,TGF-β1 ,CTGF. Renal path morphology change were observee with light microscope ane transmission electron microscope. Results (1)HPC levels of rats in DM group at 4th,12th,24th weeks were(216. 50 ± 10. 05)μg/ g,(267. 67 ± 11. 29)μg/ g,(340. 67 ± 39. 22)μg/ g,higher than that of control group((123. 00 ± 6. 00)μg/ g,(158. 50 ± 8. 89)μg/ g,(201. 00 ± 7. 69)μg/ g). The PVCA score in DM group were higher than that of control group( 4 weeks:(0. 45 ± 0. 07)vs (0. 96 ± 0. 11);12 weeks:(0. 60 ± 0. 06)vs(1. 65 ± 0. 18);24 weeks:(0. 72 ± 0. 07)vs(2. 63 ± 0. 0. 40);P< 0. 05). Meanwhile the scores of GCDS ane TILS in DM group)at 4th,12th,24th weeks increasee comparee with control group(4 weeks:((0. 34 ± 0. 03)vs(0. 14 ± 0. 01))× 103 / μm2 );12 weeks:((0. 49 ± 0. 03)vs (0. 26 ± 0. 04))× 103 / μm2;24 weeks:((0. 62 ± 0. 06)vs(0. 33 ± 0. 03))× 103 / μm2 )). The expression of CollagenⅠane Collagen Ⅲ in DM group were higher than that of control at 4,12,24 weeks after DM moeel establishment(Collagen Ⅰ:4 weeks:((4. 56 ± 0. 75)vs(1. 34 ± 0. 34))× 103 / μm2;12 weeks:((6. 07 ± 0. 74)vs(2. 17 ± 0. 12))× 103 / μm2;24 weeks:((7. 22 ± 0. 19)vs(3. 00 ± 0. 33))× 103 / μm2;CollagenⅢ:4 weeks:((3. 44 ± 1. 41)vs(1. 58 ± 0. 24))× 103 / μm2;12 weeks:((5. 60 ± 1. 34)vs(2. 95 ± 0. 41)) × 103 / μm2;24 weeks:((6. 22 ± 0. 18)vs(3. 27 ± 0. 27))× 103 / μm2 )),ane the eifferences between the groups all significant(P < 0. 05). Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary basement membrane ane interstitial collagen hyperplasia in eiabetic rats were observee by electron microscope.(2)TGF-β1 expression in DM group were(2. 16 ± 0. 50)× 103 / μm2 ,(5. 31 ± 0. 25)× 103 / μm2 ,(6. 44 ± 0. 74)× 103 / μm2 respectively at 4th, 12th,24th weeks after DM moeel establishment,higher than that of control group((1. 18 ± 0. 15)× 103 / μm2 , (2. 99 ± 0. 25)× 103 / μm2 ,(3. 28 ± 0. 66)× 103 / μm2 )ane the eifferences were significant(P < 0. 05). The same trene was also seen in terms of CTGF expression((6. 02 ± 1. 39)vs(2. 32 ± 0. 87))× 103 / μm2 ,((6. 51 ± 0. 51)vs(3. 96 ± 0. 92))× 103 / μm2 ,((7. 89 ± 1. 46)vs(4. 58 ± 1. 02))× 103 / μm2;P < 0. 05) Conclusion Early eiabetic rats show renal fibrosis ane it may be relatee with overexpression of CTGF ane TGF-β1.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanisms of Xuebijing injection for treatment of acute pulmonary thromboembolism(APE)in rabbits. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits with big ears were randomly divided into control group,model group and Xuebijing group(each n=8). The model of APE was performed by re-infusing of autologous blood clots. After the model was established,in the rabbits of the Xuebijing group,Xuebijing injection 1 mL/kg was injected into the ear marginal vein,twice daily for consecutive 7 days. In the model and control groups,the same amount of normal saline was given via the same route. The changes in plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) at the time points of 8 hours and 1,3,5,7 days,and after 7 days the lungs of the rabbits were removed for the lung histopathological examination. Results The BNP levels of the model group and Xuebijing group were significantly higher compared with the level of control group at 8 hours after embolization,the model group being the most significant(all P<0.05). On day 3,the BNP levels of the model group and Xuebijing group reached their peaks,and then gradually decreased,but the level of model group was significantly higher than that of Xuebijing group(ng/L:581.1±144.6 vs. 251.5±22.5,P<0.05). On day 7,the BNP level of Xuebijing group fell to the level of the control group(ng/L:78.5±9.4 vs. 50.9±11.5),the level of the model group also decreased,but it was still much higher than that of the Xuebijing group(ng/L:214.1±47.6 vs. 78.5±9.4,P<0.05). Histopathological examination showed Xuebijing could significantly reduce the infarct size with mild inflammatory cell infiltration,but the infarct size of the model group was obviously bigger than that of the Xuebijing group and accompanied by relatively more inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion Xuebijing injection can significantly reduce the plasma BNP level of the rabbits with pulmonary embolism,and in the mean time ameliorate the degree of inflammatory infiltration in the lung tissue and infarct.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasma NT-pro BNP level and the hear function in children pa-tients with heart failure.Methods 30 children patients with heart failure and 30 healthy children were selected as the patients group and the control group respectively.The plasma NT-pro BNP level was detected in the patients group before and after treatment and the control group.The changes of heart functional indexes and the clinical symptoms in the patients group were detected,the detec-tion results and the plasma NT-pro BNP levels were performed the correlation retrospective analysis.Results The plasma NT-pro BNP level before treatment in the patients group was significantly higher than that in the control group,there was the statistically significant difference between them(P <0.05 ).After treatment,the clinical symptoms in the patients group were obviously im-proved,the plasma NT-pro BNP level was significantly decreased and LVEF by ultrasound was also increased,the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).The plasma NT-pro BNP level after treatment in the patients group was obviously higher than that in the control group with statistical difference between them(P <0.05).The plasma NT-pro BNP level before and after treat-ment in the patients group demonstrated a negative correlation with LVEF(r=-1.32,r=-1.78).Conclusion Detecting the plas-ma NT-pro BNP level in children patients with heart failure has the important clinical guidance significance for the diagnosis,disease condition evaluation,prognostic evaluation and cardiac function grading in the children patients with heart failure.