Objective To discuss the relation and differences among spleen-deficiency syndromes, stomach-deficiency syndromes and spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes.Methods Terms about spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes in the book ofLin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi Anwere screened. Syndrome names about “spleen deficiency”, “stomach deficiency”, “stomach-yang deficiency”, “tu deficiency”, “spleen-stomach deficiency”, “middle-jiao deficiency”, “yang-ming deficiency”, and “tai-yin deficiency” should be included in this study. And then medication and compatibility of medicines of spleen-deficiency syndromes, stomach-deficiency syndromes and spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes were determined according to the main efficacy of the medication and compatibility of medicines. Relevant data were standardized and then database was built. Apriori algorithm in SPSS Clementine12.0 was used to conduct data mining.Results Totally 421 relevant cases were collected in this study, involving 525 prescriptions (92 spleen-deficiency syndromes, 276 stomach-deficiency syndromes and 157 spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes). 11 medication association rules about spleen-deficiency syndromes, 38 about stomach-deficiency syndromes, and 28 about spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes were found based on data mining. ConclusionMost prescriptions for spleen-stomach deficiency syndromes are “warm dryness, cool and moister, sweet and warm to tonify the midde jiao”, which embody Ye’s medication features that emphasizes treating spleen and stomach separately, the differences of lifting spleen and dropping stomach, and in nourishing yin and tonifying yang.

Objective To obtain the change of bcl-2/bax/fas/fasL in splenic lymphoctyes with different lasting time of hypoxicischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods The newborn rat were divided into 6 groups by the time of being HIBD model randomly, includes 1/6/12/24/48/72 hour(s) (8 for every group),and control groups were established at the same time point. The following four apoptosis related genes bcl-2/bax/fas/fasL were tested by real time PCR. Results ( 1 ) bcl-2: the mRNA expressions of HIBD groups were lower than control groups at the same time ( P<0.01 ). Eliminated the control effects, the mRNA expressions of HIBD groups were differernt by the modeling time(P ＜0.01 ). (2)bax: the mRNA expressions of HIBD groups were higher than control groups at the same time( P ＜0.01 ), and in control group the expression of 6 h was much higher than any other groups (P<0.01 ). Eliminated the control effects, the mRNA expressions of H IBD groups were different by the modeling time( P<0.01 ). (3)bcl-2/bax: the ratios of HIBD groups were lower than control groups at the same time( P ＜0.05 ), the ratios in control groups were higher than 1 ( except for 1 h); while in HIBI) groups the ratios were lower than 1; Eliminated the control effects, the ratios were different in all the groups. (4)fas: the mRNA expressions of HIBD groups were higher than control groups at the same time ( P ＜0.01 ), and both were maximum at 6 h. (5)fasL: the mRNA expressions of HIBD groups were higher than control groups in 1 h and 6 h ( P<0.01 ), while lower than control group at other time points( P<0.01 ),the expression of 24 h was the maximum of control groups and 12 h was the maximum of HIBD groups. (6)fas/fasL: the ratios of HIBD groups were higher than control groups( P ＜0.01 ) (except for 6 h), and the ratios in control groups were lower than 1 ( P<0.01 ) ( except for 6 h), and not concentrated, while in HIBD groups were higher than 1 ( except for 24 h), between 0.69 to 5.65. Conclusion Pro-apoptosis genes ( include bax/fas/fasL) were promoted by HIBD, while anti-apoptosis gene(bcl-2) was inhibited. The maximum of pro-apoptosis genes became early in HIBD. Both the pro- and anti-apoptosis genes got their maximum at 6 h and 12 h of HIBD. The apoptosis suppression was the main effects in control groups from the ratio of bcl-2/bax, which was lower than 1. The apoptosis promotion was the main effects in HIBD groups from the ratio of bcl-2/bax, which was higher than 1, especially at 12 h. Thefas/fasL effect which is the major way of lymphocytes apoptosis was strengthened in HIBD.

Objective To compare the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and contrastenhanced CT(CECT) for the differential diagnosis of the benign and malignant hepatic nodules in BuddChiari syndrome(BCS).Methods Thirty-nine BCS patients with hepatic nodules underwent CEUS and CECT examination separately,through which the perfusion characters of the nodules in different phases were observed.With the pathological result as the golden standard,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS and CECT were compared on diagnosing benign regenerative nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in BCS.Results Of the 66 hepatic lesions in 39 patients,21 were hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and the other 45 were regenerative nodules.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS and CECT were 81％,91％,88％ and 71％,84％,80％ respectively.Thus the diagnostic efficiency difference between CEUS and CECT had no statistic significance(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The differential diagnoses of the benign and malignant hepatic nodules in BCS on CEUS and CECT have high consistency.Due to the convenience and safety of CEUS,it can be used as first-line method.

Objective To study the influence factors of real-time shear wave elastography(SWE) on the elasticity of focal liver lesions (FLLs) measurement.Methods The mean Young's modulus of 160 FLLs were measured by SWE.The relation between elasticity with different aspects of FLLs were analyzed including postures (supine and left lateral position),respiratory phases (end of inspiratory and expiratory),the probe position (rib and intercostal space) and different operators.Results There were significant differences between different postures and respiratory phases in the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between robe position and different operators in the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The postures and respiratory phases can impact the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE.

Objective To analyze setup errors and guide the calculation of margins from clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV) in esophageal cancer patients treated with tomothcrapy by the MVCT image-guided system.Methods Sixty-four esophageal canccr patients trcated with tomotherapy in our hospital in 2016 were randomly selected.MVCT images were acquired after patients' positioning and co-registered with KVCT images.The setup errors of x,y,and z translations and roll rotation were analyzed with the t-test or one-way ANOVA.Meanwhile,PTV margin was calculated based on the formula of M =2.5 Σ + 0.7δ Results According to the formula,the CTV-PTV margins in the x,y and z directions are slightly different between cancers located in the cervical,upper thoracic,middle thoracic,and lower thoracic segments.In patients with upper thoracic esophageal cancer,the average setnp error in the yaxis was lower when the head-neck-shoulder thermoplastic film fixation was used than when somatic thermoplastic film fixation (P=0.000);the setup errors of z-axis with somatic thermoplastic film fixation in the fifth and sixth weeks were slightly less than those in the first several weeks (P =0.036);the setup errors acquired by three image registration patterns were similar (x-axis P=0.868,y-axis P=0.491,z-axis P=0.169,roll P=0.985).Conclusions In the treatment of patients with esophageal cancer,the setup errors are large,but the MVCT in the TOMO HD system can greatly reduce the setup errors,ensuring the accuracy of each treatment.It is further recommended that in clinical practice,different CTV-PTV margins should be used for the treatments of esophageal cancers located in different segments.Patients with upper thoracic esophageal cancer are advised to use the head-neck-shoulder thermoplastic film fixation.

AIM: To detect the protein expression of TIMP3 and RUNX3 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from acute leukemia (AL) patients and to investigate the relationship between the methylation status of genes and their expressional levels. METHODS: Protein expression of TIMP3 and RUNX3 in 50 samples of BMMCs and 10 samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers was detected by Western blotting. The prognostic factors related to AL and data from methylation specific polymerase chain reaction were also analyzed. RESULTS: The expression level of RUNX3 with methylation was less than that without methylation in BMMCs from AL patients. The complete remission (CR) rate was related to RUNX3 expression and blasts in bone marrow (BM). BMMCs from patients with silencing of RUNX3 and higher blasts in BM had a lower CR rate. CONCLUSION: Absence of RUNX3 protein expression resulting from methylation of RUNX3 promoter probably plays a role in the pathogenesis of AL and is of value in prognosis. No relationship between methylation of TIMP3 promoter and the pathogenesis of AL is observed.

Objective To investigate the changes of left atrial(LA) segmental strains by using threedimension speckle tracking imaging(3D-STI),and to investigate the feasibility of 3D-STI for assessment of LA myocardial strains in healthy adults.Methods A total of 60 healthy subjects were enrolled.Apical fullvolume images were acquired in all subjects and then were analyzed by off-line 3D-STI analysis software.The software divided LA into 16 segments automatically,they were six walls (anterior,anterior-septal,posterior-septal,inferior,anterior-lateral,posterior-lateral) in basal and middle levels,and four walls (anterior,septal,inferior,lateral) in roof level.The peak longitudinal strain (PALS),peak circumferential strain(PACS),peak area strain(PAAS),the time to peak longitudinal strain(TPLS),the time to peak circumferential strain(TPCS) and the time to peak area strain(TPAS) of left atrial by 3D-STI were obtained and compared.Results ①Compared with the four walls in roof level and anterior-lateral,posterior-lateral walls in middle level,PALS of corresponding walls in basal level were significantly increased (P ＜0.05).PALS of posterior-septal,inferior and posterior-lateral walls in middle level were significantly increased than septal,inferior,and lateral walls of roof level (P ＜0.05).PACS and PAAS of all walls in roof level were significantly increased,as compared with that of corresponding walls in middle and basal levels,and the PACS of posterior-septal wall in basal level were lower than that in middle level(P ＜0.05).②There were no significant differences in PALS,PACS,PAAS between different walls within one level(P ＜0.05).③TPLS,TPCS,TPAS of septal wall were significantly lower than that of lateral wall.TPLS of anterior wall,TPCS and TPAS of inferior wall were significantly lower than that of lateral wall(P ＜0.05).Conclusions 3D-STI is a feasible skill to assess LA myocardial strains in healthy subjects.

Objective:To study the effects of obesity induced by high-fat diet on T lymphocyte subsets in the adipose tissue in mice.Methods:C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, the normal control group and high-fat diet group.After feeding 16 weeks, serum was separated and CHOL, TG, HDL, LDL and glucose levels were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer.The concentrations of TNF-αwere determined by ELISA kit.FACS was used to analyze the number of T cells and the percentage of subgroup in epididymal fat adipose tissue.Results:Compared with control group,body weight,weight gain,epididymal fat pad weight,perirenal fat weight,blood lipids,glucose and TNF-αwere significantly increased in high-fat diet group,but there were no difference in the thymus index and spleen index between the two groups.Compared with the control group,the mice fed a high-fat diet had increasing proportion of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in adipose tissue and there was a significant increase on the proportion of Th1 and Th17 sublineage in the HFD group.Conclusion:High-fat diet induced obesity can lead to the increasing proportion of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in epididymal fat pads and generate a progressive Th1 and Th17 bias.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the change of the aortomitral angle (AMA) with left ventricular systolic function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) by echocardiography.Methods Thirty-one patients were enrolled in the ICM group,and 59 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.On the parasternal left ventricular long axis plane,AMA were measured at the R wave apex (R-AMA),J-point(J-AMA),ST-segment midpoint(ST-AMA),T-final wave (T-AMA)and P-final wave (P-AMA).The angle difference(⊿ θ) =AMAmax-AMAmin,the angle changing rate =⊿ θ/AMAmax.The global left ventricular longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) were obtained by 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV) were measured using Simpson biplane method.Results The J-AMA was the largest in the control group,while the ST-AMA was the largest in the ICM group.The levels of LVEDV,LVESV and AMA in ICM group were significantly higher than those in control group,while LVEF,GLS,GCS,⊿ θ/AMAmax and ⊿ θ were decreased (P ＜0.05).In the control group,there was a correlation between T-AMA and LVEF (r =-0.349,P =0.007),and ⊿ θ was negatively correlated with GLS (r =-0.372,P =0.004).In the ICM group,⊿1 θ/AMAmax and ⊿ θ were correlated with LVEF (r =0.424,P =0.018;r =0.490,P =0.005).Conclusions AMA in ICM patients is significantly increased.The angle difference and the rate of its change are closely related to the LVEF,which is a manifestation of three-dimensional structure change of the myocardial.

This study aimed at analyzing the medication regularity based on differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for losing weight using text mining technique.All the references over losing weight were retrieved in CNKI,Wangfang Database,VIP Database and Pubmed.The drugs from the references were classified in accordance with drug property,drug flavor,channel tropism and drug efficacy.Frequency and constituent ratio of a single drug in TCM prescriptions for losing weight were put into analysis using chi square test and factor analysis to find out the medication regularity.It was found that the properties of TCM drugs in the prescriptions contained both cold and warm,while the flavors of the drugs involved pungent,sweet and light.The channel tropism of the drugs mainly belonged to spleen meridian,liver meridian,stomach meridian and lung meridian.They were mostly tonic,relieving,blood-activating,qi regulating,inhibiting-damp and antipyretic drugs.Through factor analysis we found that the common formula compatibilities were concluded as:cassia seed,lotus leaf,hawthorn,salvia miltiorrhiza,polygonum cuspidatum and radix polygonum multiflorum;capillary artemisia,epimedium herb,stephania tetrandra and ligusticum wallichii;dried tangerine peel,pinellia ternata and poria cocos;plantain seed,pericarpium arecae and selfheal;paeonia lactiflora,angelica sinensis,scutellaria baicalensis and ligusticum wallichii;poria cocos,cassia twig,atractylodes and glycyrrhiza;immature bitter orange and bark of magnolia;radix bupleuri,lycium chinensis and jujube;Chinese yam and coix seed;and astragalus,pueraria lobata and polygonatum.In conclusion,formula compatibility mainly combined syndrome differentiation with disease differentiation for the treatment of obesity in clinic,using the drugs belonging to liver meridian,spleen meridian,stomach meridian and lung meridian with the flavors of sweet,bitterness or pungent and the nature of both warm and cold.