There have been many changes of the lymphoma classifications from early times till the 2016 WHO classifications. The 2016 WHO lymphoma classification aims to provide updated diagnostic categories, more precise diagnostic criteria, and biological and clinic correlates, which can facilitate state-of-the-art patient care, future therapeutic advances and basic research in this field.

Objective To study the expression and significance of bcl-2 protein in esophageal squamous cell cancer and the surrounding tissues.Methods EnVision method was used to analyze the expression of bcl-2 protein in tissues of esophageal squamous cell cancer and the surrounding tissues from 62 patients.Results Expressions rates of bcl-2 protein were 80.3 ％ (49/61),45.9 ％ (28/61) and 67.7 ％ (20/62) in simple hyperplasia,high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma tissues,respectively,but 3.3 ％ (1/30) in normal mucosa tissue.There were significant differences between normal esophageal mucosa group and other groups (x2 =54.437,P ＜ 0.01).The expression of bcl-2 had no differentiation in tissue differentiation grade and degree of invasion of carcinoma (x2 =0.219,x2 =5.878,P ＞ 0.05).But it had significant relationship between the expression of bcl-2 and lymph node metastasis (x2 =4.120,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion bcl-2 may predicting the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell cancer in early stage,and may be regarded as an useful index for prognosis.

Objective To study the expression of HPV、p16 and Her-2 in the squamous cell cervical carcinoma and its chnical significance. Methods Expression of HPV16/18、p16, and C-erbB-2 and the amplification of Her-2 gene were examined using situ hybridization technique,SP immunohistochemistry,and FISH imaging analysis system in 60 cases of cervical cancer, 61 cases of CIN, and 21 cases of normal cervical tissue,respectively.Results The positive rates of HPV16/18 and p16 in the normal tissue,CIN Ⅰ -Ⅱ,CINⅢ and the squamous cell cervical carcinoma were gradually increased, they wereo (0/21),9.68 ％ (3/31),46.67 ％ (14/30),71.67 ％ (43/60);0 (0/21),19.35 ％ (6/31),93.33 ％ (28/30),96.67 ％ (58/60),respectively,and there were significant differences among the groups (P＜0.05),but no significant difference was found between the normal tissue and the CIN Ⅰ - Ⅱ. The positive rates of Her-2 and Her-2 in the CIN Ⅲ and the carcinoma were 13.33 ％ (4/30),31.67 ％ (19/60),3.33 ％ (1/30),21.67 ％ (13/60),respectively,but in the normal group and the CIN Ⅰ - Ⅱ wereo,and the differences between the carcinoma group and the CIN group,the carcinoma group and the normal group were significant(P＜0.05).The expression of Her-2 and the amplification of Her-2 were closely related to the stage, degree of differentiation and metastasis of lymph node in the squamous cell cervical carcinoma (P＜0.05). Conclusion The infection of HPV is one of thetriggers for the squamous cell cervical carcinoma.The expression of p16 and the amplification of Her-2 may be closely correlated with tumor development and high expression of p16 and Her-2 indicates poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the routine ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of hepatic nodules in Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS) after portacaval anastomosis.Methods Routine ultrasonography and CEUS were performed in 18 BCS patients with hepatic nodules after portacaval anastomosis.Results Appearance after portosystemic anastomosis,multiplicity,small size,presence of peripheral rim and hypervascularization were important ultrasound imaging features of hepatic regenerative nodules in patients with BCS.Nodules showedquick wash-in and slow wash-out pattern in CEUS.Sixteen cases showed center-to-periphery enhancement pattern in arterial phase and hyper-enhancement in portal phase and late phase.Two cases showed periphery-to-center enhancement pattern in arterial phase and periphery enhancement in portal phase and late phase.Conclusions Hepatic regenerative have different features on routine ultrasound and CEUS in patients with BCS after portacaval anastomosis,which are useful for differential diagnosis.

Hepatic nodules in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (B-CS) are identified in clinical work and the differentiating diagnosis is very important for making the treatment strategy.Most B-CS patients with hepatic nodules have nonspecific clinical manifestations.Ultrasonography,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are often used for differentiating diagnosis.According to the results of retrospective study on clinical and imaging data of 51 B-CS patients with hepatic nodules,we draw a conclusion that the differentiating diagnosis of hepatic nodules in patients with B-CS depends on imaging characteristics.Different treatment strategies are adopted according to the comprehensive analysis of these imaging data and satisfactory results can be achieved.

Objective To analyze the relationship between expression of Her-2 protein and the infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) and clinicopathological features in upper gastrointestinal multiple primary cancers, and to explore the relationship between the different histological malignancies in a single-system. Methods 39 patients were primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric/cardia adenocarcinoma. By using immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods, the expression of Her-2 protein in 39 cases of multiple primary cancers specimens were examined, and by using insitu hybridization (ISH) technology, the infection of HPV in the same ones were detected. Results The over-expression of Her-2 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was not significantly relative to the degree of differentiation, the depth of penetration, the lymph node metastasis and the patientsˊage and gender (P> 0.05). The over-expression of Her-2 protein in gastric adenocarcinoma was closely correlated to the invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), no obvious correlation with the factors of patientsˊage and gender and the degree of differentiation (P > 0.05). The infection of HPV in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma was not significantly relative to the degree of differentiation, the depth of penetration,the lymph node metastasis, and the age and gender of the patients (P> 0.05). In the upper gastrointestinal multiple primary cancers, the Her-2 protein over-expression had the consistency (κ= 0.56, P< 0.05). Meanwhile, the HPV-DNA expression also had the consistency (κ=0.80, P<0.05). Conclusion Both Her-2 protein and HPV expression show the consistency in upper gastrointestinal multiple primary cancers,which suggests that Her-2 protein and HPV may be the common oncogenic factors for both esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of vasculogenic mimicry in laryngeal squamous cell carcino- ma and explore its clinical significance. METHOD: The presence of vasculogenic mimicry and expression of endotheli- um-dependent vessel in 138 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas cases were detected by the immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray. Metlab software was used to evaluate the relationship among vasculogenic mimicry, mi- crovessel density and clinic pathological parameters in laryngeal carcinoma. RESULT: We found vasculogenic mimicry in 32 (26.23%) of 122 laryngeal carcinoma samples. The mean of microvessel density is 12.61 per high-power field. The vasculogenic mimicry and expression of endothelium-dependent vessel were not significantly related to patient age or gender, tumor location, pathology grade, T stage or N stage (P > 0.05). However, the vasculo- genic mimicry and the mean of microvessel density were a little higher in patients older than 60, with poorly differ- entiated and patients with N₁₋₃ stage. Vasculogenic mimicry was positively correlatedwith microvessel density (r = 0.1927, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Vasculogenic mimicry can occur in laryngeal carcinoma. Moreover, vasculogenic mimicry may be associated with recurrence and metastasis in laryngeal carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Objective To investigate the expression of EGFR, Her-2 and TOPO Ⅱ in esophageal canceration course, analyze the correlation between the expression and clinical pathological parameters and the correlation of the three genes. Methods EGFR, Her-2 and TOPO Ⅱ were detected by Tissue microarray technology and Envision immunohistochemistry method in 107 cases of esophageal carcinoma, including normal esophageal epithelium, esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Results The positive expression rates of EGFR and TOPO Ⅱ display an improving trend from normal esophageal epithelium, intraepithelial neoplasia to carcinoma (P =0.031) in the above four groups. The positive expression rates of EGFR were 8.41 %, 7.94 %, 27.27 %, 50.47 %, and TOPO Ⅱ were 3.74 %, 4.76 %, 20.45 %, 43.93 %. Furthermore, the expression showed gradually incresing with histological grades advance (P =0.009). There was no correlation between EGFR or TOPO Ⅱ and gender, age, lymph node or distant metastasis (P >0.05). There was a positive correlation between EGFR and TOPO Ⅱ (r 1=0.410, P <0.05). There were no significance of Her-2 protein expression among the three groups(P >0.05), no correlation was obtained between Her-2 and gender, age, the depth of invasion or lymph node metastasis (P >0.05), no relationship between Her-2 and EGFR or TOPO Ⅱ either. Conclusion EGFR and TOPO Ⅱ are closely related to the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, their expressions all make a qualitative change in the esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. The role of Her-2 in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is still not definite in Shanxi province.

Objective To observe the final adult height (FAH) outcome and influencing factors in Turner′s Syndrome(TS) children treated with recombinant human growth hormone ( rhGH ).Methods Thirty TS children treated with rhGH were compared with 16 TS children without rhGH treatment and were followed up to achieve their FAH.Comparisons were made regarding predicted adult height (PAH),height standard deviation score for chronological age( HtSDScA ),height SDS for BA( HtSDSRA ),and growth velocity ( GV ) between rhGH treatment and without treatment groups and between the onset and by the end of rhGH treatment group.The factors determining FAH were also evaluated.Results FAH in rhGH treatment group was obviously improved as compared with untreatment group[ ( 149.5±6.3 vs 142.4±5.2) cm,P＜0.01 ].FAH in treatment group was positively correlated with height standard deviation score for chronological age ( Ht0 SDSCA ),Hto SDS for BA ( Hto SDSBA ),height age ( HA0 ) at preliminary diagnosis,and correlated with duration of rhGH therapy,duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy,and PAH0SDS at preliminary diagnosis.Stepwise regression analysis indicated that duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy and PAH0 SDS were the variables with the greatest identified influence on FAH (F =11.56 and F =86.91,P＜ 0.01 ).FAH in the 45,XO group was significantly different from the mosaicism group (45,XO/46,XX ) [ ( 147.2 ± 6.3 vs 153.3±6.4) cm,P =0.038].Conclusion rhGH treatment is efficacious in improving FAH of TS children,but a variability in the magnitude of the response to rhGH is recognized.Duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy and PAH0SDS are the variables with the greatest identified influence on FAH,and karyotype may be one of the influence factors.rhGH treatment should be initiated as early as possible and sufficient course of estrogen-free rhGH therapy is needed to yield a satisfactory FAH.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.002