In China,professional ethics education in universities suffers a late start and requests an improvement.The same problem also consists in medical universities.They are faced with how to enhance the medical ethics education of future physicians and match it with the training of clinical techniques and skills so as to cultivate qualified medical professionals.The article established guidelines of professional ethics education and suggested that the issue could be tackled by substantiating the content of education,broadening effective means,and forming joint efforts.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of mifepristone and progesterone on the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL 6) by endometrial and endometriosis cells in vitro. Methods Primary cultures of eutopic and ectopic endometrial cells from 9 cases of endometriosis were exposed to mifepristone (10 -6 mol/L, 10 -4 mol/L) and progesterone (1?10 -7 mol/L, 1?10 -5 mol/L) respectively. IL 6 secretion was analyzed in the culture medium by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Mifepristone inhibited the IL 6 secretion of ectopic endometrial cells, with the concentrations of IL 6 was (1 914 33?799 28) ?g/L in the 1?10 -6 mol/L group ( P 0 05). Conclusion The inhibitory effects on the secretion of IL 6 by ectopic and (or) eutopic endometrium may provide one of the cellular therapeutic mechanisms of mifepristone and progesterone on endometriosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of mifepristone and danazol after conservative surgery in the treatment of patients with endometriosis Methods Sixty one patients with endometriosis (RAFS stage Ⅰ～Ⅳ) after conservative surgery were treated orally either with mifepristone 10 mg/d (group M, n =31) or danazol 200 mg 2～3 times/d (group D, n =30) for 3 months Changes of symptoms and signs, serum reproductive hormone levels as well as side effects were assessed before and at the end of therapy Moreover, biochemical parameters of bone metabolism: urinary deoxypyridine /creatinine (UDpd/Cr),serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and bone gala protein (BGP) were also measured before and after treatments Results During treatment symptoms and signs were remarkbly relieved in both groups Side effects including hot flushes, irregular vaginal bleeding, back pain, weight gain and acne, were less commnly seen in group M as compared with group D Serum luteal hormone (LH), follicular stimulating homone (FSH) levels remained in the range of follicular phase in both groups So was serum estradiol (E 2) levels in group M[(204 9?45 3 ) pmol/L], but declined to postmenopausal level in group D [(94 3?33 0) pmol/L] About two weeks after discontinuation of the thrapy, serum E 2 levels [(1 221 6? 384 2) pmol/L] was not significantly different from the normal ovulatory range in group M, but significantly lower in group D [(815 1?376 0) pmo/L, P

Objective To observe the curative effect of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transfected with recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene on intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.Methods MSCs were isolated from the rat bone marrow,cultured and transfected by recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying BDNF gene.Intracerebral hemorrhagic models were constructed and randomly divided into 4 groups:phosphate buffered saline transplanted (PBS) group,MSCs group,mesenchymal stem cells transfected with empty lentiviral vectors transplanted (MSCs-EGFP) group and mesenchymal stem cells transfected with recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene transplanted (MSCs-EGFP-BDNF) group.PBS and MSCs were transplanted according to the groups 72 hours after the establishment of models.The improvements of the neurological function were recorded of each group 7 d,14 d,and 21 d after the transplantation.Double labeling immunofluorescent staining were used to detect the migration and the differentiation of transplanted MSCs.Results MSCs-EGFP-BDNF group had significant higher levels of BDNF gene and protein expression than MSCs group and MSCs-EGFP group.All MSCs transplanted groups (MSCs groups:7 d:1.6 ±0.2,14 d:1.2 ±0.3,21 d:0.8 ±0.2; MSCs-EGFP groups:7 d:1.6 ±0.3,14 d:1.1 ±0.2,21 d:0.8 ±0.3; MSCs-EGFP-BDNFgroup:7 d:1.2 ±0.3,14 d:0.6 ±0.1,21 d:0.2±0.2) had more improvements in the neural function (F=6.667,18.417,20.882,all P ＜0.05) than PBS group(7 d:2.0 ±0.4,14 d:1.7 ±0.2,21 d:1.3 ±0.2),and MSCs-EGFP-BDNF group had the most significant improvement.With double labeling immunofluorescent staining,the MSCs-EGFP-BDNF group had significantly higher positive rates of glial fibrilary acidicprotein,neuron specific nuclear protein,2',3 '-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase than MSCs group and MSCs-EGFP group,while there was no significant differences between the latter two.Conclusions The expression levels of gene and protein are higher for the MSCs modified with recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying BDNF gene.The modified MSCs can migrate to the perihematomal brain issue of intracerebral hemorrhage,express the characteristic molecules of neurons and improve the neural function after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the effect on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) with non-contact co-culture with mechanical stimulated ligament fibroblasts. Methods A cyclic 10% uniaxia strain at 1 Hz was applied on rat pelvic ligament fibroblasts, then were co-cultured with BMSC for 3, 6 and 12 days in non-contact condition. The protein expression of collagen Ⅰ ,Ⅲ in BMSC were detected by SP method and revealed by the mean gray value. The mRNA expressions of collagens type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ in the BMSCs were measured with real-time (RT)-PCR ,and the results were indicated by the ratio between the mRNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) . Results (1) Protein expression; after 3 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts, expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ in BMSC are 82. 4 ± 3. 4 and 76. 8 ± 2. 5. When compared with 80. 2 ± 2. 6 and 74. 6 ± 1. 1 in BMSC without co-culture, there was no significant difference (P > 0. 05) . After 6 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts, the expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ of 126. 6 ±2. 2 and 118. 6 ± 1. 4 in BMSC were significantly higher than 82. 7 ±3. 0 and 76. 2 ± 1. 3 in BMSC without co-culture (P < 0. 05). Similarly, after 12 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts, the expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ of 135. 3 ±3. 4 and 128. 7 ± 2. 6 in BMSC were significantly higher than 86. 6 ± 1. 3 and 81. 8 ± 1.4 in BMSC without co-culture (P <0.05). (2)mRNA expression:after 3 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts , the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagens in BMSC are 2. 10 ±0. 20 and 1. 20 ±0. 30. When compared with mRNA expression of 2. 01 ±0. 12 and 1. 13 ±0.21 in BMSC without co-culture, no significant difference were observed (P > 0. 05). After 6 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts , the mRNA expressions of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagens mRNA were 5. 60 ±0. 21 and 2. 61 ±0. 20, which were significantly higher than 3. 70 ±0. 33 and 1. 82 ± 0. 14 in BMSC without coculture (P < 0. 05). After 12 days co-culture with pelvic ligament fibroblasts, the mRNA expressions of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagens of 5. 91 ±0.31 and 2. 92 ±0. 23 were significantly higher than 4. 04 ±0. 21 and 2. 04 ±0. 13 in BMSC without co-culture (P <0. 05). Conclusion Non-contact co-culture with mechanical stretch stimulated ligament fibroblasts, it might promote synthesis of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in rat BMSCs and induced BMSC differentiated into pelvic ligament fibroblasts.

Objective To understand the pathogens distribution situation in children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in Bozhou area.Methods A total of 2 846 children with ARTI in our hospital from April 2015 to March 2016 were enrolled to investigate the pathogens distribution.The indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect adenovirus,influenza virus A,influenza virus B,respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus,mycoplasma pneumoniae,chlamydophila pneumoniae and legionella pneumophila in peripheral blood samples.Results Of all 2 846 cases,1 161 (40.8％) cases were the pathogen detection positive.Among them,the top 3 viruses of highest detection rates were mycoplasma pneumoniae(470,16.5 ％),influenza virus A (252,8.9％) and respiratory syncytial virus (117,4.1％),and 79(2.8％) cases were mixed infection.With age increase,the pathogen detection rate showed the declining trend(x2 =20.724,P=0.000 1).The infections in infants and young children were dominated by respiratory syncytial virus(11.2 ％),which in preschool and school children was dominated by mycoplasma pneumoniae(15.2 ％-25.4 ％).The pathogen detection rate was highest in winter (57.7 ％),and lowest in summer (22.5 ％).Conclusion The prevalence distribution of ARTI pathogens varies with age and seasons.The infection rate in infants and young children is higher than that in other age groups.Mycoplasma pneumoniae,influenza virus A and respiratory syncytial virus are the main pathogens causing ARTI in children of Bozhou area,winter and summer have ARTI high onset,it is notable to strengthen the prevention of infection.

Objective To study the effectiveness of the laboratory diagnosis of multiple myeloma(MM)patients with immun-ofixtion electrophoresis (IFE),protein electrophoresis (SPE)and immunoglobulins and light chain quantitative analysis. Methods Selected 192 MM patients and 30 healthy controls during June 2012 to December 2013 and analyzed the results of IFE,SPE and immunoglobulins,and light chain quantitative analysis in MM patients.Results M protein bands were seen in 120 cases (62.5%)by using SPE and M protein were positive in 174 cases (90.6%)among the 192 MM patients by using IFE.IFE showed that IgG were maximum type of the M protein (106 of 192,55.2%).There were IgG-λ type 66 cases (34.4%),IgA type 36 cases (18.8%)and free light chain type 24 cases (12.5%).Immunoglobulins of different immuno-phenotypes had higher than the nomal group with serum immunoglobulin and light chain quantitative analysis (P <0.05). The detection rate was 67.7% (130/192).Whateverκ-type M protein orλ-type M protein,the ratio ofκ/λwas significantly abnormal (P <0.05).The detection rate was 85.4% (164/192).Conclusion The better detection rate of immunological techniques such as immunofixtion electrophoresis and immunoglobulins quantitative analysis might provide valuable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of MM clinically and prevent misdiagnosis.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.002

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of tilianin(TIL)on brain tissue in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:Totally 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(0.9% sodium chloride solution),model group(0.9% sodium chloride solution),nimodipine group(32 mg/kg)and TIL low-dose and medium-dose,high-dose groups(4, 8,16 mg/kg),with 20 rats in each group. The rats were given relevant medicine intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 7 d. 15 min after last medication,cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by reforming suture-occluded method. The neurological deficit score in rats were evaluated, and percentage of cerebral infarction volume of rats was determined. Histopathological changes of brain tissue were observed by HE staining. The activities of SOD,CAT and LDH,MDA content in cerebral tissue of rats were determined. The expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and peripheral vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) protein were determined by Western blot assay. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,neurological deficit score and percentage of cerebral infarction volume of model group were increased significantly(P＜0.01);the nerve cells in brain tissue were significantly reduced and the interstitial edema was obvious. SOD and CAT activities were decreased significantly,LDH activity was increased significantly,MDA content was decreased significantly,protein expression of CGRP and VEGFR2were increased significantly(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Compared with model group,neurological deficit score of nimodipine group,TIL medium-dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly;percentage of cerebral infarction volume was decreased significantly (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);above pathological conditions of cerebral tissue in rats were relieved significantly;SOD and CAT activities were strengthened significantly,MDA content and LDH activities were decreased significantly,protein expression of CGRP and VEGFR2were increased significantly (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS: TIL has certain protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model rats,and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of CGRP and VEGFR2expression.

Objective The cognition of cervical cancer, Human Papillomavirus ( HPV) and HPV vaccine among females from Shenzhen communities was studied, which provided a reference for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.Methods The multi-stage sampling method was adopted to select 350 females from 10 communities. The questionnaire survey was conducted for understanding the awareness of cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccine related knowledge. Results Among 350 copies of questionnaires, 326 copies were actually effective with an effective rate of 93.14%.The awareness rates of HPV, HPV vaccine, cervical cancer etiology, high-risk HPV ( main inducing cervical cancer ) , how to prevent cervical cancer, route of HPV infection and high-risk factors of HPV spreading were 47.24%(154/326), 30.06%(98/326), 48.47%(158/326), 20.6%(67/326), 21.8%(71/326), 21.2%(69/326).The awareness was significantly higher in the females who were in the age of 31-40 years old, with more than 30 thousand income, with college education or above degree, civil servants or office clerks (P<0.05).Conclusions The females from communities have some knowledge about the relationship between cervical cancer and HPV, but lack comprehensive understanding of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Especially we need to enhance the diverse health knowledge spread in females who are young, with low-education background, with low income and labors or farmers, improving the awareness rate of prevention and treatment for cervical lesions.