Objective To evaluate the reliability of the panoramic radiographs for diagnosing mandibular asymmetry.Methods A total of 25 cases with no asymmetry in chief complaint or in appearance were selected for symmetry group.Pa and PAC from 16 cases of facial asymmetry were selected for asymmetric group.Marker points were fixed,a reference line and the reference plane drawn,and then relevant measurement items determined.The repeatability of the fixed position was observed.The difference of all measurement items between the left and right on Pa in symmetry group and asymmetric group were compared respectively and the asymmetric rate of corresponding measuredvalues on two sides between two groups were observed too.Correlation test was used to evaluate the measured-values on Pa and PAC in asymmetric group.Results Dispersion became smaller with the help of reference line and reference plane.And the dispersion was larger when Me was used as a marker other than MF.Most measured-values in symmetry group on Pa and all measured-values in asymmetric group on Pa showed statistically significant difference (P＜ 0.05).The mean difference of CP-GoP distance representing the vertical measured-value was 4.73 mm (P＜0.01); and the mean difference of GoP-MF distance representing the horizontal measured-value was 5.77 mm (P＜0.01).The horizontal measurements on PA and PAC showed closer correlation (r=0.78～0.85,P＜0.01) while the vertical was poorer (r=0.64,P＜0.01).Conclusions This study suggests that marking assisted with reference line and reference plane could get a more repeatable fixed-point on Pa.MF point could be used as a fixed-point for measuring mandibular asymmetry on Pa and the Pa measurement can be used to evaluate mandibular asymmetry.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of posterior short-segment pedicle screw reduction and fixation without fusion in treatment of thoracolumbar mono-segmental compression fractures.Methods Thirty cases of thoracolumbar mono-segmental compression fractures admitted from January 2009 to February 2010 were assigned to single posterior pedicle screw fixation (screw group,n =15) and posterior pedicle screw fixation with posterolateral fusion (fusion group,n =15) according to random number table.Clinical results in the two groups were assessed based on Cobb' s angle,anterior vertebral body height ratio (％) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) before operation,after operation,prior to the removal of implant and at the latest follow-up.Results All the cases were followed up for average 24 months.Both operation time and blood loss were less in screw group than in fusion group [(76.58 ±12.67) min vs (116.29 ± 17.45) min,P ＜ 0.01 ; (287.54 ± 30.76) ml vs (480.34 ± 100.54) ml,P ＜0.01],whereas there were no statistical differences between the two groups in aspects of Cobb' s angle and anterior vertebral body height ratio before and after operation,prior to the removal of implant as well as at the latest follow-up.Moreover,no statistical difference of ODI was noted between the two groups prior to the removal of implant and at the latest follow-up.Conclusion Posterior pedicle screw fixation without bone grafting achieves similar effects with pedicle screw fixation with bone grafting.

BACKGROUND: Xinjiang is a multi-ethnic region with significant differences in local geographical position, economic development and climatic environment. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the occurrence and development tendency of birth defects, disease categories and disparity among different ethnic groups and regions in Xinjiang.METHODS: A stratified cluster random sampling observation was performed in 13 counties (cities) according to the status of ethnical distribution and local economics of Xinjiang. Quarter Report Sheet on Babies and The defect babies register card were filled as the scheme of Chinese birth defect monitoring, and ICD10 diagnostic code was adopted in birth defect diagnosis. The birth defects rate was calculated from January 2005 to December 2008, and the disease categories and disparity among different ethnic groups and regions in Xinjiang were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average incidence rate of birth defect was 9.74‰, which was dramatically descended in 2006 and ascended afterward yearly. The incidence rate of countryside was higher than city, and male more than female. In geography, south of Tianshan Mountain was higher than north and east in birth defect incidence. Among major ethnic groups in Xinjiang, Sibe and Uygur had the highest birth defect incidence rate, followed by Man, Hazakh, and Han. The birth defect incidence of Han, Uygur and Hazakh people showed descend tendency, Hui, Mongolia, and Man people fluctuated, yet Sibe's rate had a change of rise and fall. The first five birth defect entities were neural tube deformity, cleft lips, anencephaly, congenital hydrocephalus and cleft palate combined with cleft lips. The birth defects rates are different from ethnic groups and regions in Xinjiang.

Objective:To explore the clinical features of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) and the risk factors for fetal death.Methods:The clinical data of 90 patients with APIP in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were retrospectively analyzed from January 2013 to June 2020. Based on the severity, the patients were classified into MAP groups ( n=41), MSAP groups ( n=33), SAP group ( n=16). According to the presence of fetal deaths, the patients were divided into fetal death group ( n=13) and fetal survival group ( n=77). The clinical characteristics and indicators of patients in each group were compared. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed on the variables with differences between groups to explore independent risk factors for fetal death. The receiver operating characteristic curves of laboratory indicators were drawn to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy. Results:Hyperlipidemia was the main cause in 90 APIP cases (42/90, 46.7%). The levels of LDH, CRP, blood glucose, D2 polymer, albumin and ApoA1, the 1-min and 5-min Apgar scores of neonates were statistically significant among MAP group, MSAP group and SAP group (all P<0.05). There were no maternal deaths in 90 cases and 13 fetal deaths (14.4%). Fetal mortality increased with the severity of APIP. APIP combined with hypertension ( OR=14.742, 95% CI 1.157-187.890, P=0.038), ketoacidosis ( OR=19.587, 95% CI 1.789-214.469, P=0.015) and CRP level ( OR=1.013, 95% CI 1.001-1.025, P=0.031) were risk factors for fetal death. ApoA1 level ( OR=0.118, 95% CI 0.021-0.664, P=0.015) was a protective factor for fetal death. The sensitivity and specificity of ApoA1 for predicting fetal death were 84.6% and 79.2%, the sensitivity and specificity of CRP for predicting fetal death were 76.9% and 84.4%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the combination of the two indicators for predicting fetal death were 100% and 67.5%. Conclusions:The severity of APIP was closely related to fetal death. Hypertension, ketoacidosis and blood level CRP were independent risk factors for fetal death, which should be paid special attention.

Objective To evaluate the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intraoperative pulmonary function in the patients undergoing urological retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in the mode of protective ventilation.Methods Forty patients of both sexes,aged 30-64 yr,with body mass index of 16-29 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotorny,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and PEEP group (group P).After induction of general anesthesia,the patients were endotracheally intubated.Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (tidal volume [Vr] 6 ml/kg,respiratory rate [RR] 12 breaths/min,inspiratory/expiratory ratio [I:E] 1:2,fraction of inspired oxygen 50％) was performed from the end of intubation until the onset of pneumoperitoneum.After the onset of pneumoperitoneum,the patients were ventilated (VT 6 ml/kg,RR 22 breaths/min,I:E 1.0:1.5),and the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg in group C.After the onset of pneumoperitoneum,the patients were ventilated (VT 6 ml/kg,RR 22 breaths/min,I:E1.0:1.5,PEEP 5 cmH2O),and the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg in group P.At 5 min before pneumoperitoneum (T1),at 10,30 and 60 min of pneumoperitoneum (T2-4),immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T5),and at 5 min before extubation (T6),arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis.Peak airway pressure and mean airway pressure were also recorded.Dynamic lung compliance,oxygenation index,respiratory index,dead space fraction and alveolararterial oxygen gradient were calculated.Results Compared with group C,mean airway pressure was significantly higher at T2-4,oxygenation index was significantly higher at T3,alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient difference was significantly lower at T3 and T6,and respiratory index was significantly lower at T6 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the peak airway pressure,dynamic lung compliance and dead space fraction at each time point in group P (P＞0.05).Conclusion PEEP (5 cmH2O) can improve the intraoperative pulmonary function in the patients undergoing urological retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in the mode of protective ventilation.

Objective To investigate the immunologic classification in the patients with acute leukemia (AL) in Xinjiang of China. Methods A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MOAb) and indirect immunofluorescence assay by fluoromicroscope was used to determine the pretherapy immunophenotype of 450 AL. Results 106 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 334 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and 10 cases belonged to FAB unclassified acute leukemia (UAL) were unalysed. The expression of myeloid antigens in of ALL was seen in 15 % of 106 cases, and lymphoid-associated antigens were expressed in 25 % of 334 AML cases. The most frequently expressed antigen was CD7. The expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene in 295 cases of AL were studied. The expression of MPO gene was observed in positive one of 81 ALL cases, and myeloid cells had different expression for MPO gene. Of the 9 cases of UAL, 6 cases were positive for MPO gene. There were no statistic differences of the expressions of the ALL stages between Han and Wei nationality. The order of myeloid markers expression in AML was as follows: CD_(33)>CD_(13)>CD_(15) inthe Han nationality, and the order of myeloid markers expression in AML was displayed CD(15)>CD(33)>CD_(14) in Wei nationality. Conclusion Analysis of immunophenotype assured accurate lineage diagnosis of AL. Combinatively analyzing the characteristics of AL on morphology, cytochemistry, immunology and MPO mRNA expressions were significant to the diagnosis and therapy of AL.

Depression is a common emotional disorder that seriously affects people's life and health all over the world. The pathogenesis of depression is complex, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for antidepressants has a good therapeutic effect because of its multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-target action mode. At present, the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM has not been fully clarified, but it is clear that depression is closely related to metabolic health. Therefore, in order to further explore the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM, this paper proposes research strategies on the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM based on functional metabolomics from the perspective of metabolism, the potential biomarkers of depression are analyzed with the help of multi-omics combined analysis technology, and the functional molecules of TCM for antidepressant are studied. Molecular biology techniques are used to accurately capture the molecular interactions between biomarkers of depression and functional compounds, which identify effective drug targets and further elucidate the biochemical functions and related mechanisms involved in depression metabolic disorders. This paper systematically reviews the research strategies and applications of functional metabolomics in the anti-depressive mechanisms of TCM, expounds on the core value of functional metabolomics, and summarizes the current research status and hot issues of TCM for antidepressants in recent years, providing new methods and new ideas for the study of mechanisms of TCM with the help of functional metabolomics.

Microbial lipases are important industrial biocatalysts with the character of stereoselectivity,site selectivity and high catalytic activity with few side effects.They have been used widely in many industrial and agricultural fields.The technology of protein engineering has been successfully applied to improve the activity and stability of microbial lipases,which will raise the competitive capacity of microbial lipase preparations and enlarge theirs application fields.The strategies,the problems and the prospects of protein engineering technology which have been applied to modify the microbial lipases was surveied.

OBJECTIVETo examine the distributions of beta-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein in the tooth germ, and obtain the messages of function of the two factors and the relationship between them.

METHODSMice were selected and cohabited with the ratio of female mice to male ones being 2:1, and Embryo day 0.5 was confirmed based on the finding of vaginal plug. The distributions of beta-catenin and APC protein in the Embryos on day 13.5, 14.5, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5 were examined in the paraffin-embedded sections by immunohistochemistry methods.

RESULTSDuring E13.5 d to E17.5 d, positive expression of beta-catenin was found in the oral epithelium and the dental lamina, and became more and more strong. The staining were whole cell. During the bud stage, strong positive expression of APC protein was found in the oral epithelium and the dental lamina, but the expression displayed a down-regulation tendency. The staining was the cytomembrane and cytoplasm. There was negative correlation between beta-catenin and APC protein (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe result of beta-catenin suggests its contribution in the early development of enamel organ and the proliferation of cell. Coincidance of the two factors staining site was found, according to the statistics.

Amygdala ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Morphine ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa ; metabolism