Peripheral artery disease is a cardiovascular risk factor. Exercise training may benefit patients with peripheral artery disease from preserving or improving functional capacity and reducing cardiovascular events. Accordingly, this article reviewed the effects of exercise training on peripheral artery disease, and the possible mechanisms

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of GlideScope~ video laryngoscope in anesthetic endotracheal intubation.Methods Two hundred patients who received surgery under general anesthesia with ASA I or II were involved in this study.One hundred patients were assigned to be intubated with GlideScope~(GS group) and the other 100 with size 3 Macintosh laryngoscope(ML group).The following data were recorded and analyzed: noninvasive blood pressure(NBP),heart rate(HR) at the different time points of intubation process,glottic exposure time,CormarkLehane grade,tracheal intubation time and total intubation attempts. Results The rise of NBP and HR in ML group were significantly higher than those in GS group(P

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between Chinese medical constitutions and chemotherapy-induced leucopenia (CIL) of primary breast cancer patients.

METHODSTotally 306 breast cancer patients undergoing adjunctive chemotherapy for the 1st time, and effective 291 breast cancer patients were recruited in this study.Nine Basic Constitutional Scale was used before first chemotherapy. Chinese medical constitutions were classified and quantitatively scored. The highest grading for any item of adverse reactions in each case during the whole chemotherapy course was recorded after chemotherapy. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS16.0.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in CIL between different chemotherapy regimens and various Chinese medical constitutions of breast cancer patients (P > 0.05). Yang deficiency constitution is one risk factor for CIL. The higher the score of yang deficiency constitution, the more severe the CIL.

CONCLUSIONSYang deficiency constitution was correlated with the degree of CIL. The higher the score of yang deficiency constitution, the greater the risk of III-IV grade CIL in breast cancer patients.

Breast Neoplasms ; complications ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yang Deficiency

Objective To explore the relationship between the index of SPECT myocardial viability teat of the left ventricle and long-term cardiovascular adverse events following the coronary artery bypass graft.Methods Clinical data were selected from the coronary-heart-disease patients with CABG and the isotopic SPECT test of myocardial viability prior to the operation in the Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital,the Chinese Academy of Medical Science from January 1,1999 to December 31,2005.Total 709 patients were included in this study.Regular follow-up in patients was performed following operation.Investigate the nuclear medicine documents of the patients above;make the semi-quantitative scores of myocardial viability prior to operation by the 17-segment method of ventricle.Through the COX multi-factor analysis of the statistical methods to explore the relationship between the index of the myocardial viability and the long-term cardiac adverse events selected in advance.Results The mean duration of follow-up was(3.43±2.42)years.The COX multi-analysis revealed that the total score of left ventricular myocardial viability is the independent impact factors for long term cardiac death,long terrm re-hospitalization rate and long term composite end points events.The cut off values of total score of left ventricular myocardial viability for long term cardiac death,long term re-hospitalization rate and long term composite end points events is 15,9,13 respectively.Conclusion The total score of left ventricular myocardial viability of SPECT is independently associated with long-term events,and the cut values of myocardial viability total score for long-term cardiac death,re-hospitalization and composite MACE events are 15,9,and 13 respectively.For the groups with total scores above and below the cut off values,there is significant difference of long term cardiac events risk between groups.

Objective:To provide scentific evidence for determining the harvest period of Cortex Abizziae by studying the dynamic variation of the content of lignan glycoside I in Cortex Abizziae.Methods:Chromatography was performed on a Boston Green ODS C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) column,the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.04% phosphate (18∶82),the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1,the detection wavelength was 204 nm,and the column temperature was at 25℃.Results:There were differences in the contents of lignan glycoside I in Cortex Abizziae at different harvest periods.The content of lignan glycoside I reached the highest level in January,decreased quickly from January to March,and gradually increased from April to December.Conclusion:The content of lignan glycoside I in Cortex Abizziae at different harvest periods is different,and the optimum harvest time of Cortex Abizziae is determined from November to January of the following year.

Objective To evaluate X-ray stereotactic localized biopsy with resident metal wire in the diagnosis of breast minutelesions. Methods 28 cases of breast minute lesions were analyzed retrospectively,all cases were non-palpable clinically,but were positive by mammography.Needle biopsies were executed under X-ray stereotactic localization,and a thin metal wire was sited in lesion to instruct resection. Results All of 28 cases with minute lesion were successfully localized and completely resected,localization satisfaction rate was 93% percent.Pathological diagnosis showed benign lesion in 19 cases,and malignant lesion in 9 cases.Among the 9 malignant cases,there were 5 cases of invasive duct carcinoma,1 case of duct carcinoma with early invasion,2 cases of duct carcinoma,and 1 case of medullary carcinoma. Conclusion X-ray stereotactic localized biopsy with resident metal wire can provide accurate localization and precise diagnosis,especially in the diagnosis of occult breast cancer.It is an efficient method in the diagnosis of early breast carcinoma.

Five compounds (tenuifoliside C, tenuifoliside D, telephiose A, telephiose C and polygalaxanthone III) from polygala tenuifolia wild were incubated together with CYP probe substrate in human liver microsomes to investigate the inhibitory effect towards CYP450 enzyme. Phenacetin (CYP1A2), coumarin (CYP2A6), paclitaxel (CYP2C8), diclofenac (CYP2C9), S-mepheriytoin (CYP2C19), dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), chlorzoxazone (CYP2E1), midazolam (CYP3A) were selected as the isoforfn specific substrate. And the formation of paracetamol, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 6alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel, 4'-hydroxydiclofenac, dextrorphan, 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone, 1'-hydroxymidazolam, 4'-hydroxymephenytoin were detected respectively to measure the effect towards CYP450 by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result shows that five compounds from polygala tenuifolia willd significantly inhibit chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1, while showed no effect towards CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A. And IC50 value was 38.73, 54.14, 61.77, 62.22, 50.56 micromol x L(-1), respectively.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Esters ; pharmacology ; Glycosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Oligosaccharides ; pharmacology ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) is one of the main active compounds of Guizhi Fuling capsule. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have high affinity toward template molecules synthesized by molecularly imprinted technology for its specific combined sites, which can overcome the shortcoming of traditional separation methods, such as complex operation, low efficiency, using large quantity of solvent and environmental pollution. In this paper, surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) was prepared by surface imprinting with PGG as the template molecule. Its adsorption capacity was measured by the scatchard equation. The separation of PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule at preparatived scale was achieved with molecularly imprinted polymer as stationary phase and the purity was 90.2% by HPLC. This method can be used to prepare PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule with large capacity and is easy to operate. It provides a new method for efficient separation and purification for other natural products.
Adsorption ; Capsules ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydrolyzable Tannins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Imprinting ; Polymers ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF)has been used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)via repairing the gastroesophageal junction valve. Both the clinical report and control study confirmed that,with the prerequisite of rational selection of patients,TIF as an emerging technology can effectively cure or improve the clinical symptoms of GERD,esophagitis,and level of esophageal acid exposure. Compared with the traditional treatment,TIF is more effective,safe and having lasting effect for the rationally selected GERD patients. This article reviewed advances in study on TIF for the treatment of GERD.

BACKGROUNDInvasive fungal infections such as candidiasis and mold infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in seriously ill patients. Micafungin is an echinocandin antifungal agent with potent activity against most species of Candida and Aspergillus. We did this meta-analysis to clarify whether micafungin offers superior efficacy and safety compared with other antifungal agent for treating infections associated with invasive candidiasis.

METHODSWe did a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine whether micafungin has superior efficacy and safety compared with other antifungal agents recommended by the treatment guidelines for fungal infection. Seven trials involving 2913 patients were included in this analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

RESULTSMicafungin was associated with significantly better treatment success compared with the comparator antifungal agents (modified intention to treat, 2851 patients; random-effects model, OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.00 - 1.45, P = 0.0487). In addition, micafungin was more effective than the comparators for antifungal prophylaxis of neutropenic patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.08 - 2.00, P = 0.01). Although there was no significant difference between the compared regimens in terms of the incidence of adverse drug effects (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.77 - 1.11), fewer patients treated with micafungin withdrew from the studies because of adverse events (OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.44 - 0.94).

CONCLUSIONSMicafungin has a good safety and tolerability profile, with an efficacy at least comparable to the other antifungal agents. Micafungin offers advantages over other agents for antifungal prophylaxis. Micafungin offers an appropriate alternative for antifungal prophylaxis rather than the treatment of invasive candida infections.

Antifungal Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Candidiasis, Invasive ; drug therapy ; Echinocandins ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lipopeptides ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Treatment Outcome