The fermentation broth of one actinomycete strain ACMA006 strongly inhibited growth of many tumor cells and some microorganisms, but its cytotoxicity to human normal cells were weak. Strain ACMA006 grow well on most tested media, producing exuberant vegetative hyphae and aerial hyphae. Its optimization temperature is 28?C. Phyloge-netic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence showed that strain ACMA006 was closely related to one of the genus Streptomycetes (S.cavourensis subsp. washingtonensis) with 16S rDNA sequence similarity values of 100%, but had many differences in other features including its morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics. The pre-liminary study supported the view that the strain ACMA006 represented a new strain of the S.cavourensis subsp. wash-ingtonensis.

Animals ; Diet, Atherogenic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Obesity ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; physiology

The occurrence rate of DTC in children and adolescents is not high.However,DTC in these patients has some distinct characteristics different from those in adult,such as larger tumor volume at diagnosis,early invasion of neck lymph nodes and early distant metastases,high NIS expression,high recurrence but higher overall survival rate.131 I ablation is still one of the important treatment methods after surgery.Currently,there are 3 major dosage regimens adopted for 131I treatment: prescribed dose without causing bone marrow suppression/toxicity,dose aiming at tumor ablation,and empirically fixed dose.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics in adjunctive prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea(CID),and to provide evidence-based reference in the clinic. METHODS:All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotics in adjunctive prevention and treatment of CID were collected by searching EMBase,Co-chrane library,PubMed,CJFD,VIP,Wanfang databases and CBM. Meta-analysis were performed with Rev Man 5.2 software af-ter data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane Hand book 5.0risk-bias assessment tool. RESULTS:10 RCTs were includ-ed,involving 871 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that addition of probiotics on the basis of conventional symptomatic therapy significantly reduced the total rate of diarrhea in cancer patients [OR=0.31,95%CI(0.20,0.49),P<0.001] and Ⅲ-Ⅳ diar-rhea rate[OR=0.09,95%CI(0.03,0.24),P<0.001],improved overall response rate [OR=4.16,95%CI(2.40,7.23),P<0.001] and complete remission rate [OR=2.55,95%CI(1.66,3.90),P<0.001],with statistical significance. The probiotics had little effect onⅠ-Ⅱlevel diarrhea rate[OR=0.86,95%CI(0.48,1.56),P=0.62] and partial remission rate[OR=1.00,95%CI(0.67,1.50),P=1.00],with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS:The use of probiotics before chemotherapy can effectively prevent the occur-rence of severe CID in cancer patients;in the treatment of CID,the combination of probiotics can also improve therapeutic effica-cy of conventional symptomatic treatment.

The SEM specimens of the blood vessels of the gall-bladder in the full term fetus were produced with the methyl methacrylate cast. The specimens were dryed and gilded with EIKO. IB-3. and then observed under scanning electron microscope. The microvessels of the wall of gall-bladder obviously were divided into three layers, namely: serous vessels, muscular vessels and mucous vessels. The serous and muscular vessels are similar to that of the intestinal canal. However the mucous vessels were characterized by subepithelial capillary networks and veins of large calibre in the lamina propria. The capillary networks were connected directly with the venous plexus by the capillaries. There are fewer arterioles passing and branching among the venous plexuses. Each arteriole was connected to capillary networks. The short capillary was seen frequently between the arterioles and the venous plexus, serving as communication between them.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between electronic bronchus mirror and Chinese medical syndrome typing of Mycoplasma pneumonia children.

METHODSTotally 198 Mycoplasma pneumonia children inpatients were assigned to three syndrome types according to Chinese medical syndrome typing and self-formulated typing standards of electronic bronchus mirror, i.e., Fei-qi accumulation of damp and heat syndrome, Fei-qi accumulation of toxicity and heat syndrome, deficient vital qi leading to lingering of pathogen syndrome. The correlation between electronic bronchus mirror and Chinese medical syndrome typing was explored.

RESULTSAs for comparison between electronic bronchus mirror and Chinese medical syndrome typing, Kappa value (K^) was 0.645 and Spearman coefficient correlation (r) was 0.653 (P < 0.01) for Fei-qi accumulation of damp and heat syndrome; K^ was 0.724 and r(s) was 0.727 (P < 0.01) for Fei-qi accumulation of toxicity and heat syndrome; K^ was 0.506 and r(s) was 0.515 (P < 0.01) for deficient vital qi leading to lingering of pathogen syndrome.

CONCLUSIONChinese medical syndrome typing of Mycoplasma pneumonia children was moderately in line with inspection typing under electronic bronchoscope with significant correlation.

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics and tendency of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Xi'an from 2005 to 2014,and to grasp the epidemic regularity and predict the trend of HFRS for establishing effective prevention and control measures.Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFRS in Xi'an from 2005 to 2014.The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to analyze,fit and predict the epidemic data of 2015.Results There were 8 500 HFRS patients in Xi'an from 2005 to 2014,the incidence rate was 10.60/100 000.The morbidity increased at first and then decreased from 2005 to 2014;the incidence rate was 9.06/100 000 in 2005 and up to 19.46/100 000 in 2010,then down to 3.43/100 000 in 2014.More cases were reported in spring (15.85％,1 347/8 500) and autumn-winter seasons (72.91％,6 197/8 500).The high-risk age group of HFRS was between 15 to 59 years,accounting for 77.71％ (6 605/8 500) of the overall incidence rate;there were no significant differences in ＜ 15 years,15 to 59 years and ＞ 59 years groups (x2 =15.63,P ＞ 0.05).The male to female ratio was 3.01 ∶ 1.00,male incidence was 15.57/100 000 and female incidence rate was 5.41/100 000,and the difference was statistically significant between gender (x2 =1 948.84,P ＜ 0.05).The main occupation was farmers,accounting for 66.04％ (5 613/8 500) of the overall incidence rate.The top 4 districts were Chang'an,Zhouzhi,Huxian and Lintong;the incidence rate was 31.07/100 000,22.74/100 000,21.09/100 000 and 11.06/100 000,respectively,and the 10 years cumulative incidence rate was higher than the total incidence.The monthly incidence was predicted with ARIMA (1,1,0) × (0,1,1)12 models in Xi'an from 2005 to 2014,and the predicted number of cases was 235 in 2015 (lower than 2014).Conclusions The overall trend of the epidemic has continued to fall but slowly.Positive and effective comprehensive measures should be taken to maintain the incidence of hemorrhagic fever at a lower level.

BACKGROUND: There are many drawbacks with hormone replacement therapy for menopausal syndrome. The blood levels of 5-HT and norepinephrine are lower. Fluoxetine hydrochlorde(ProzacR) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor which is widely used in treating anxiety and depression,OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of combined antidepressant and estrogen therapy compared to estrogen alone in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome in this prospective open study.DESIGN: Randomized comparative study.SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University PARTICIPANTS: From November 2003 to December 2004, 60 female patients with diagnosed menopausal syndrome of 3-12 month duration, aged (46±3) years, from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled into the study after giving their informed consents. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups with Group 1 (n=30) receiving a combination of antidepressant + estrogen and Group 2 (n=30) receiving estrogen only.METHODS: Patients in Grgup 1 received fluoxetine hydrochloride (ProzacR) 20 mg orally every morning plus oral estradiol 1 mg once every two weeks for 2 months. Patients in Group 2 received only oral estradiol 1 mg once every two weeks for two months. Patients were not taking any other drug during the treatment period. At the end of two month treatment all patients were evaluated with the following 3 assessment tools: ①female menopausal symptom evaluation with the following 4 categories: Complete symptom relief, markedly improved, improved and no effect. Overall efficacy was defined as 50% symptom improvement. ② Hamilton Depression Scale which reflects energy level and psychosomatic factor of sleep and anxiety. ③Menopause index: Which are description of clinical evaluation and adverse effects; this would help to assess the safety of using both drugs in treating the menopausal syndrome.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: female menopausal symptom assessment, hamilton depression scale, and menopause index.RESULTS: ① In female menopausal symptom assessment group 1 showed better results in the complete relief and markedly improved scores. ②Hamilton Depression Scale group 1 also showed better scores than Group2(In Groupl, the scores at week 1 to 8 were 25,18,15,10,8,5,5,4 respectively ,in Group 2, the scores at week 1 to 8 were 25,17,15,14,13,12,13,13 respectively). ③ Group 3 showed a significant better score in the menopausal index with improvement in sleep disorder, anxiety and depression than Group 2 (In Group 1 the scores at week 1-8 were 32,22.5,15,15,14,15,15,14 respectively,In group 2, the scores at week 1 to 8were 33,21,16,14,13,12,13,13 respectively) ,there was no significant difference of incidence of adverse events as compared with Group 3 .CONCLUSION: Combined therapy of fluoxetire hydrochlarde(PROZAC)plus estrogen showed better efficacy in the treatment of menopausal syndrome than estrogen alone.

Objective To preliminarily investigate the feasibility of MRI-T2* map in evaluating myocardial iron load of myocardial iron overload rabbit models.Methods Eleven rabbits were included in this study and divided into two groups,myocardial iron overload group (n =10) and the control group (n =1).Iron dextrin (dose of 50 mg/kg) was injected in muscles of thigh once a week,totally 12 weeks.Serum iron test and MRI examination were performed before iron injection,and 1 week to 12 weeks after iron injection.MRI scan protocol included short axial T2* map of the left ventricle and cross-section T2* map of the liver.T2* and R2* of the heart and the liver were measured.One rabbit was killed after MRI examination at pre-iron injection,1 week to 8 weeks,11 weeks and 12 weeks after iron injection,respectively.Heart and liver were avulsed to undergo in vitro MRI scan and then paraffin embedded for pathological slices.MRI scan protocol and measurements of the heart and the liver samples were the same to that of in vivo ones.Pearson correlation was used to calculate the relationships between the parameters.Results Myocardial T2* [(32.5 ± 8.3 ms)] and R2* values [(38.4 ± 7.9) Hz] had significant correlation with injecting iron content(1 033.2 ± 673.4 mg),the Pearson coefficients were-0.799 (P =0.001) and 0.770 (P =0.002),respectively.Myocardial T2 had no significant correlation with liver T2* values (r =0.556,P =0.070).T2* values of heart and liver in vivo [(32.5 ± 8.3) ms and (8.8 ± 5.4) ms],respectively had strong correlation with those in vitro [(19.4 ± 6.5) ms and (9.8 ± 5.0) ms],respectively (r =0.757,P =0.007 and r=0.861,P=0.001).T2* and R2* values of the heart and the liver in vivo and in vitro had no significant correlations with serum iron (P ＞ 0.05).On Prussian blue staining slices,blue particles of myocardium,sinus hepaticus and hepatocyte increased with injecting iron content.Conclusions It is feasible for MRI-T2* map to evaluate the myocardial iron load noninvasively.It may provide reliable information for detecting myocardial iron overload in patients with iron overload at an early stage.

BACKGROUND: There are no effective treatments for spinal cord injury. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) has achieved great progress in repairing spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of OECs transplantation on pathological and ultrastructural alterations of spinal cord, and the role in spinal cord injury developing.METHODS: A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model, transplantation and DF12 groups, with 15 animals in each group. The entire vertebral plate of T_(10), and partial vertebral plate of T_9 and T_(11) of blank group were cut open, and gelatin sponge was used for hemostasis. In the model group, the spinal cord was excised. In the transplantation and DF12 groups, OECs and DF12 culture solution were injected following spinal cord excision. The incision was sutured. Two rats from each group were anesthetized 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days following injury, and injured areas were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Following spinal cord injury, pathological and ultrastructural changes occurred, such as hemorrhage, edema, degeneration, necrosis, cavitation, gliacyte proliferation and nerve fiber regeneration. OECs transplantation attenuated neuronal and nerve fiber necrosis, relieved degree of pathological reaction, protected injured neurons, prevented gliacyte proliferation and increased nerve fiber regeneration. Results show that OECs transplantation ameliorated pathological reactions and promoted spinal cord injury repair.