OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) isolates in Staphylococcus auricularis and S. hominis and detect their drug resistance. METHODS MRS isolates were detected by cefoxitin disc test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method. RESULTS 94.7% and 91.7% MRS isolates were in S. auricularis and S. hominis. MRS strains were resistant to most of antimicrobial agents. There were no isolates resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. CONCLUSIONS MRS isolates are highly prevalent in S. auricularis and S. hominis with resistance to most of antimicrobial agents.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus(MRSH)and resistance in S.haemolyticus isolates. METHODS MRSH was detected by cefoxitin disc test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method. RESULTS There were 86.4% of MRSH isolates.MRSH was highly resistant to penicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,ceftriaxone,tetracycline,ciprofloxacin,and clindamycin.The resistance rate to amikacin,rifampicine and chloramphenicol was 16.9%,11.2% and 28.1%,respectively.All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin.Except for tetracycline,amikacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol,the resistant rate to other antimicrobial agents was significantly higher in MRSH than in MSSH. CONCLUSIONS MRSH is mostly occupied in S.haemolyticus isolates and resistant to most of antimicrobial agents.More attention should be paid to survey and detect these strains.

OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogens and their resistance in infective endocarditis patients.METHODS Pathogens and their resistance were detected by MicroScan WalkAway-40 system.RESULTS Most of pathogens were Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus.The resistant rate of S.pyogenes to tetracycline,erythromycin,ampicillin,penicillin,gentamicin and chloramphenicol was 78.6%,42.9%,14.3%,0,0 and 0,respectively.Four were MRS in 10 Staphylococcus isolates and they were resistant to most antimicrobial agents except vancomycin and higher than MSS.CONCLUSIONS Most of pathogens are S.pyogenes and Staphylococcus in infective endocarditis patients;most S.pyogenes isolates are resistant to tetracycline,erythromycin,but susceptible to penicillins;MRS are resistant to most of antimicrobial agents except vancomycin.

Objective To explore the association between the genetic polymorphism of CYP3A4,CYP2D6 and response to methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)among heroin-dependent patients.Methods Patients undergoing MMT in 6 MMT clinics were randomly selected,information about general socia-demographic characteristics,drug abuse history,and MMT data of patients were collected,genotypes of peripheral blood CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 polymorphic loci were detected.Results A total of 820 patients were enrolled in the study,210 cases were with good response and 610 cases with poor response to MMT.Difference in age between different response groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Distribution of genotype frequency and allele frequency of CYP3A4 rs2242480 and CYP2D6 rs16947 between good response and poor response groups was not significantly different(both P>0.05).Conclusion The association between CYP3A4 rs2242480,CYP2D6 rs16947 and response to MMT has not yet found in heroin-dependent patients.

To study the characteristics of eye signs in chronic hepatitis B patients with blood stasis syndrome and the association between blood stasis syndrome and eye signs.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum and bile from victims attacked by infantile hepatitis syndrome(IHS).Methods The constituents from 42 IHS subjects and 16 controls,including total bilirubin(TB),direct bilirubin(DB),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),glutamyltranspeptidase(?-GT),total bile acid(TBA),interleukin 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-? )both in bile and serum,were assayed by fully-auto chemistry analyzer and ELISA,respectively.The subjects of IHS were divided into cholestasis group and hepatitis group.Results Of IHS group,the values of serumal TB,DB,ALT,?-GT,TBA,IL-6 and TNF-? were higher than those of control(P_a

Aim The effect of capsule bushenyanshou (BSYS), a compound of traditional Chinesemedicine, on the immunopharmacological activities of mice was investigated. MethodsThe indexes of immunopharmacological activity, such as the clearance rate of charcoalparticles, the lymphocyte transformation and the content of serum hemolysin, were mea-sured. Results Capsule BSYS (400, 800 mg?kg-1, qd ? 12) markedly increased theclearance rate of iv charcoal particles and 1he lymphocyte transformation stimulated invivo by PHA in mice. In hydrocortisone -treated mice(15 mg? kg-1, sc, qd ? 5), capsuleBSYS significantly enhanced the content of serum hemolysin and the weights of spleenand thymus. The results also demonstrated capsule BSYS performed a sighted inhibition ofthe delayed type hypersensitivity in mice. Conclusion Capsule BSYS has the capacity ofimmunological intensification and regulation.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between FIB-4 and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2012, the clinicopathological and follow-up data of 245 patients with HCC after curative resection were retrospectively studied. Their survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for the multivariate analysis. Results: According to FIB-4 index, patients were divided into two subgroups: FIB-4Ⅰ(≤3.25) and FIB-4Ⅱ(>3.25). FIB-4 could predict liver cirrhosis severity (Ishak grade, Grade 1-5 vs. Grad 6, r=0.681, P<0.001). It was associated with liver function such as:aspartate transaminase (P<0.001)、total bilirubin (P=0.009)、albumin (P=0.001) and platelet count (P<0.001) other than tumor clinicopathologic features. Both univariate and multivariate analysis showed FIB-4 could predict the prognosis of HCC patients (Overall survival: P=0.037 and 0.011; Recurrencefree survival: P=0.027 and P=0.043, respectively). Conclusion: The preoperative FIB-4 index could be used as a prognostic marker for the prognosis of HCC after curative hepatectomy.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expressions of sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (Ntcp) and bile salt export pump (Bsep),as well as the liver function markers in the serum including total bilirubin (TBIL),total bile acids (TBA),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in mice.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were intra-peritoneally injected with different doses of 5,10,20 or 40 mg/kg LPS (n =24),respectively.No treatment or treated with 0.9％ NaC1 in mice as controls.Serum TBIL,TBA,ALT and AST levels were measured at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after LPS injection in each group.The mRNA expressions of Ntcp and Bsep were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).The liver histological sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E).Results The Ntcp and Bsep mRNA expressions in mice liver were significantly lower in livers of LPS-treated mice within 24-72 h compared with control group,and the lowest level was reached at 24 h in a dose-dependent manner.And the relative expressions of Ntcp mRNA and Bsep mRNA were (0.64 ± 0.02),(0.53 ± 0.14),(0.25±0.09),(0.15±0.07)and (0.74±0.12),(0.58±0.11),(0.41±0.09),(0.27 ± ± 0.11) in livers of mice injected with LPS in the different doses of 5,10,20,40 mg/kg,respectively.In addition,serum levels of TBIL,TBA,ALT,and AST were significantly increased in mice of LPS-treated group compared with control group,particularly within 24 h after LPS treatment.Serum levels of TBIL,TBA,ALT,and AST were significantly decreased in mice of 40 mg/kg LPS-treated 72 h group compared with 24 h group presenting them with (1.29 ± 0.25) μ mol/L vs.(1.71 ± 0.22) μ moL/L,(6.97 ± 0.98) μmol/Lvs.(8.96±1.01) μmol/L,(120.17±21.08) U/L vs.(179.22±16.57) U/L,(360.34 ±35.31) U/L vs.(510.97 ± 34.70) U/L,respectively.Furthermore,histological changes in liver depend on dose and the course of LPS treatment.Cytoplasm rarefaction and inflammatory cells infiltration were detected at 24 h after treatment with 5 or 10 mg/kg LPS.Acidophilic and vacuolar degeneration,neutrophils infiltration in the hepatic sinusoid and portal area,the proliferation of bile ductulus were observed at 48 h,72 h after treatment with 5 or 10 mg/kg LPS.In the 20 or 40 mg/kg LPS treatment groups,focal necrosis,infiltration with inflammatory cells,proliferation of bile ductulus and expansion of duct were observed at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after LPS treatment.Conclusions LPS decreases the mRNA expressions of Ntcp and Bsep in a dose dependent manner in mice,contributing to mechanism of liver injury induced by endotoxin.

Objective:To differentiate hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among different indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) subtypes. The correlation between indolent B-NHL and hepatitis viral infection was also investi-gated. Methods:A total of 733 indolent B-NHL patients from January 1994 to January 2014 with integrated clinical information were retrospectively investigated. We compared the hepatitis viral infection between the general population and indolent B-NHL patients. We analyzed the infection rate of hepatitis virus in the different indolent B-NHL subtypes and examined their correlations. Results:The HBs-Ag positive rate of the indolent B-NHL was 7.9%, which was not significantly different with that of the general population (7.9%vs. 7.2%, P=0.548). Among the different indolent B-NHL subtypes, the 48 splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) patients exhibited the highest HBs-Ag positive rate, which was significantly higher than those of the general population (18.8%vs. 7.2%, P=0.002), other indo-lent B-NHL subtypes (18.8%vs. 7.2%, P=0.004), and other marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) patients (18.8%vs. 7.1%, P=0.005). The HBs-Ag positive rates between other B-NHL subtypes and the general population were not significantly different. The coexpression of HBs-Ag, HBe-Ag, and anti-HBc-Ab exhibited no significant difference among the various B-NHL subtypes. However, the co-expres-sion of HBs-Ag, HBe-Ab, and anti-HBc-Ab was significantly higher in the SMZL group than the other B-NHL subtypes (16.7%vs. 4.7%, P<0.001).The positive rate of the anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab) was 1.9%in 733 indolent B-NHL patients, which was significant-ly higher than in the general population (1.9%vs. 0.4%, P<0.001). The HCV-Ab positive rates in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lym-phoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia, SMZL, hairy cell leukemia, nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma group were 2.2%, 2.5%, 4.2%, 3%, and 3.7%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those of the general population. Preva-lence rates of HCV in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, unclassified, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associat-ed tissue lymphoma, B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, and follicular lymphoma groups were not significantly different compared with the general population. Conclusion:Prevalence rate of HBV was higher in the SMZL group than other indolent B-NHL groups, which suggests that HBV infection may play an etiologic role in SMZL.