OBJECTIVE: To observe waveform differences among ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (ACS-oVEMP) elicited by different types of air conducted sound in normal young Chinese subjects. METHOD: Twenty-two adult volunteers (44 ears) were recruited as research subjects including 12 males and 10 females aged between 18 and 35. Five hundred Hz tone burst, 125 Hz tone burst and click were employed as stimulus for conventional ACS-oVEMP examinations in bilateral ears of each subject. The response rate, threshold, n I latency, p I latency, n I-p I latency interval, amplitude and inter-aural asymmetry were recorded and compared among groups. RESULT: The response rate was 100% (44/44) in 500 Hz tone burst group, 40.9% (18/44) in 125 Hz tone burst group and 29.6% (12/44) in click group There were statistical significant differences between the 500 Hz tone burst group and the other groups (P < 0.05). Waveform amplitude was the largest in the 500 Hz tone burst group (7.3 +/- 5.5) muV than that in the 125 Hz tone burst group (3.8 +/- 1.5) muV and that in the click group (5.8 +/- 1.3) muV, which had statistically significant differences between the former and the later two groups (P < 0.05). Other waveform parameters presented similar differeces. CONCLUSION ACS-oVEMP waveforms could be largely affected by different stimulus. 500 Hz tone burst was the best stimulus with highest response rate, biggest amplitude and therefore most easily recognizable waveform in ACS-oVEMP examination.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Young Adult

At present, most clinical thrombolytic drugs are plasminogen activators, which are highly dependent on the plasminogen level of the patient. Therefore, the efficacy of those drugs is restricted. Unlike the conventional thrombolytic plasminogen activator drugs, fibrinolytic drugs have direct fibrinolytic activity. Thus, fibrinolytic drugs can directly dissolve the thrombus, and its thromlysis efficacy is not restricted by the patients' plasminogen. This is a new type of thrombolytic drug with higher thrombolytic efficiency and safety, and has become one of the research hotspots at present. Although more and more agents that can be used as fibrinolytic drugs have been discovered, only a few of them can successfully be applied in clinical practice. The mainly underlying reason is the risk of bleeding. In this paper, based on the latest research progress of fibrinolytic drugs, the bleeding mechanisms and coping strategies of fibrinolytic drugs were systematically reviewed, five types of bleeding mechanisms of fibrinolytic drugs were summarized, and three types of coping strategies were proposed. We hope our work can provide theoretical basis for the development of safer and more efficient fibrinolytic drugs.

Objective To observe the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) on hypoxia induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).Methods The mRNA level of ERS associated biomarkers was evaluated by RT-PCR assay in cell hypoxia damaged model.And HK-2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of 7,8-DHF through CCK-8 assay;meanwhile CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP),Cyr61,Akt and p-Akt were determined by western blotting assay.Moreover,HK-2 cells were pretreated by LY294002,a kind of PI3K/Akt inhibitor,to inhibit the PI3K/Akt signaling,and its effects on protein level induced by 7,8-DHF was detected.HK-2 cells was then over-expressed Cyr61 and exposed to hypoxia Apoptosis rate and CHOP expression were determined.Results Compared to hypoxia group (P ＜ 0.01),Hypoxia for 12h was effective in inducing ERS (P ＜ 0.01),while pretreatment with 7,8-DHF (100 μmol/L) increased cell proliferation significantly.The protein expressions of Cyr61 and p-Akt in H+7,8-DHF group were higher,but the level of CHOP was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).With LY294002 pretreated,the expression of Cyr61,p-Akt was down-regulated (all P ＜ 0.05) while the expression of CHOP was up-regulated (P ＜ 0.05).In comparison to empty plasmid group,when cells were transfected with over-expression of Cyr61 plasmid and exposed to hypoxia,the number of apoptotic tubular cells was decreased (P ＜ 0.01).And over-expression of Cyr61 significantly reducedCHOP expression compared with the empty plasmid group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Pretreatment of 7,8-DHF could protect cells from hypoxia injury and inhibit ERS,which may involve the Akt-Cyr61 signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic evaluation of isotropic scanning and Lung Care soft- ware in solitary pulmonary nodules,and to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods 52 patients suffered from SPN were included in our study.Two experts in CT analyzed the films.First,they read the axial images and made diagnosis.Then isotropic scanning and lung care software approaches were used on 16 spiral CT and another analysis were made again.The results were compared with pathological diagnosis respectively. Results Spiculated sign,lobulated sign,vessel convergence were found more on isotropic scanning approach, that had significant difference with axial images analysis(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the long term effect of different antihypertensive agents on renal hemodynamics with ultrasound Doppler.Methods52 essential hypertensive patients were divided into three groups according to the antihypertensive agent they took: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), calcium channel blocker (CCB) and β-adrenoceptor blocker (βB). The blood pressures of right upper arms were measured with mercury column blood pressure gauge using Korotkoff method. Renal hemodynamics were examined with ultrasound Doppler before and after treatment with agents. ResultsSystolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of all patients were decreased significantly. An significant correlation was found between the deceases of blood pressure and the betterment of renal homodynamic parameters in ACEI and CCB groups, but not in βB group. ConclusionTo a degree, the betterment of renal hemodynamics is correlation with the reduction of systemic blood pressure and mechanism of action of antihypertensive agents.

The effect of phenol concentration on the structure and function of microbial communities,which were cultured in different conditions using coking wastewater biofilm as seeding,was investigated by Biolog and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)methods.The less number of bands of cultivated sam-ples on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprint of 16S rRNA gene indicated reduction of di-versity after enrichment and cultivation.Some bands on the DGGE gel were significantly influenced by the phenol concentration in medium.The results of Biolog showed that the original biofilm sample had the highest substrate utility capacity as measured by average well color development(AWCD).But low concen-tration of phenol enriched sample S7 showed more diverse activity on the utility of Carboxylic acids.The principal component analysis(PCA)of Biolog data revealed that the metabolic patterns were similar when using the same phenol concentration,although the sample S7 much less similar to other cultivated samples.These results suggested that the enrichment and cultivation with phenol supplemented decreased the diver-sity and also changed the metabolic function of the microbial community.Lower phenol concentration in-creased the microbial community metabolic activity.The phenol degrading capacity of isolates from each samples indicated that the enrichment and cultivation condition had changed the type and property of cul-truable bacteria.Based on these results,we concluded that the different microorganisms will be isolated un-der different cultivation condition.

Human tissue kallikrein-binding protein (Kallistatin, KAL), a secretory protein that participates in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways by binding to the extracellular receptor, however, at present has not been reported about the intracellular activity, and whether it has the similar biological activity with extracellular activity. Here we constructed no signal peptide KAL (NSK) into the adeno-associated virus vector to explore the intracellular activity of KAL. Both the endothelial cell and lung cancer cells could express KAL, but not secreted after rAAV2-NSK transfection. The proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were inhibited, but the apoptosis rate was not affected. The proliferation rates, mobility and tubule formation of all the three tested lung cancer cells, such as NCI-H446, NCI-H460 and A549, were inhibited to different extents. This cellular study not only confirmed the intracellular activity, but also suggested it may serve as a kind of "balance factor" in multi-targeted controlling, which may provide a new train of thoughts to explain the regulatory contradiction in PI3K-Akt signaling pathways by KAL.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Dependovirus ; Genetic Vectors ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Serpins ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection

Objective:To design an intra-abdominal pressure measuring device applied to children on peritoneal dialysis (PD), and evaluate the feasibility and safety of the application of the device.Methods:The device consisted of a three-way stopcock with extension tubing, a three-way stopcock, a manometer tube, and a "Y" system peritoneal dialysis bag. The intraperitoneal pressure of different fill volumes was measured when a child was supine and relaxed in a horizontal position. The subjects of the study were children who received PD at the Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University from May 2019 to February 2020 and had PD dialysis age of>1 month. The children's demographic and clinical information were collected. During the measurement, the child’s complaints of pain, bloating, vital signs, and catheter-related contamination were recorded. Additionally, the occurrence of dialysis-related infections and complications during the hospitalization and outcomes of PD after three months of the measurement were tracked. A scatter plot and Pearson correlation test were used to explore the correlation between fill volumes and the intraperitoneal pressure.Results:Nine PD children were included in our study. The age of the children was (8.4±4.7) years old. The body surface area is (0.84±0.29) m 2. The intraperitoneal pressure was (12.6±1.9) cmH 2O at the fill volume of 1 000 ml/m 2 and (13.8±1.9) cmH 2O at the fill volume of 1 200 ml/m 2. The measurement was smoothly and safely taken without any case of contamination and dialysis-related infections during the hospitalization. After three months of the measurement, one child was transferred to temporary hemodialysis due to the aggravation of the umbilical hernia. Conclusions:The intraperitoneal pressure measuring device is feasible and safe to perform among children with PD. It can achieve non-invasive and continuous measurement of intra-abdominal pressure, and has guiding significance for the dialysis prescription of children with PD.

Objective:To observe and analyze the clinical features and prognosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with chronic myeloid leukemia.Methods:A retrospective case series study. From May 2011 to December 2020, 5 patients (10 eyes) were included in this study in Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University. Basic information about the patient's age, gender, diabetes history and CML history were collected. The endocrine and hematological indexes of all patients were evaluated. All the patients were undertaken visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and fundus examination and other examinations to observe the eye conditions. Ophthalmic treatments included panretinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, vitrectomy. During the follow up period from 5 months to 6 years, prognosis was observed at each office visit. During the follow up period, patients' vision, intraocular pressure, anterior segment and retinal status were observed.Results:There were 4 males and a female in 5 patients. The ages were from 27 to 49 years, with the mean age of 39 years. All patients were bilateral. All patients suffered type 2 diabetes for 3 months to 13 years. Four of them were diagnosed as chronic myeloid leukemia before visiting to ophthalmologists, while the other visited to ophthalmology first due to poor vision. The initial visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.4 and 6 eyes were less than 0.1. In addition to the typical manifestations of diabetic retinopathy, such as venous tortuous dilation, exudation, microaneurysm and neovascularization, patients also presented with Roth spot as leukemic fundus manifestations. All eyes developed to PDR stage. Abnormal thickening of the neovascular membranes may occur in the lower part of the retina, with secondary traction retinal detachment. All the eyes were treated with pan retinal photocoagulation and 9 eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy. After treatment, retina of 8 eyes kept flat. The best corrected visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 1.0, and only 4 eyes reached more than 0.2. Unfortunately, one eye lost vision because of secondary neovascular glaucoma.Conclusions:PDR patients with CMLof fundus not only have venous tortuous dilation, exudation, microaneurysm and neovascularization, also present with Roth spot as leukemic fundus manifestations. Diabetic retinopathy combined with CML could progress rapidly, and its aggravating complications such as hyperplastic membrane, vitreous hemorrhage and traction retinal detachment may result in poor visual prognosis. Early screening and treatment can help improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes in pe-ripheral blood and the soluble form of HLA-G ( sHLA-G ) in plasma among patients with gastric cancer ( GC) . Methods Blood samples were collected from 135 patients with gastric cancer ( GC group) , 150 pa-tients with chronic gastritis ( CG group) and 80 healthy controls ( HC group) . Flow cytometry analysis and ELISA were used to detect the percentages of CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes in peripheral blood samples, the concentrations of sHLA-G in plasma samples and the levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), cacino-embryonic antigen ( CEA) , CA19-9 and CA125 in serum samples. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to analyze the differences between different groups. The feasibility of using CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes, sHLA-G, AFP, CEA, CA19-9 and CA125 as potential biomarkers to differentiate patients with GC from those with CG or healthy subjects was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve analysis. Results The median percentages of CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes in subjects from GC, CG and HC groups were 18. 6% (12. 1%-26. 7%), 7. 3% (4. 2%-11. 0%) and 4. 6% (3. 6%-6. 3%), respectively. The percentages of CD14+HLA-G+monocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with GC were significantly higher than those in patients with CG and healthy subjects (P<0. 001). The concentrations of sHLA-G in plasma samples collected from patients with GC [(100. 6±61. 3) U/ml) were significantly higher than those in pa-tients with CG [(59.5±19. 9) U/ml) and healthy subjects [(45. 8±23. 3) U/ml] (P<0. 001). ROC curve analysis showed that in terms of GC diagnosis, the area under ROC curve ( AUC) , cutoff value, sensi-tivity and specificity for CD14+HLA-G+monocytes and sHLA-G in plasma were 0. 893 and 0. 720, 12% and 85 U/mL, 75. 8% and 50. 5%, 86. 7% and 95. 9% (P<0. 001), respectively, which indicated that CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes and sHLA-G were better than AFP, CEA, CA19-9 and CA125 in differentiating GC from CG and HC. Moreover, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes, sHLA-G in plasma as well as CA19-9 and CA125 in serum were positively correlated with the risk of GC after excluding the differences caused by age and gender factors. Conclusion The levels of CD14+HLA-G+ monocytes in peripheral blood and sHLA-G in plasma increased dramatically in patients with gastric cancer, which suggested that CD14+HLA-G+monocytes and sHLA-G might be risk factors for GC and could be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of GC.