Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is one of the most commom cause of liver fibrosis. Accurate assessment of liver fibrosis is essential for the strategy of treatment and judgement of prognosis . Liver biopsy is the gold standard for staging fibrosis,but it is invasive with high cost,low reproducibility and poor acceptance by patients. Therefore,it is urgent to explore a noninvasive modality for the assessment of liver fibrosis. Recent evidence highlights that elastographic techniques, biochemical markers and the diagnostic model consisted of several serum markers have the potential for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. This article reviewed the progress in noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with CHB.

Abstracting and Indexing as Topic ; Neoplasms ; Periodicals as Topic

Objective To establish the sulfur mustard (SM ) induced tracheal injury model in rat and to investigate its mecha-nism .Methods Male rats (SD) were anesthetized and intra-tracheally intubated .The SM group was intra-tracheally injected by 2 mg/kg of diluted SM ,while the propylene glycol control group only by 0 .1mL of propylene glycol and the normal control group had no any treatment .The tissue and blood samples were taken for conducting the HE and immunohistochemical staining and measuring serum enzymes and andinflammatory factors .Results In the SM group ,a large number of lymphocytes infiltration in submucosa were observed;the positive expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were observed in epithelium and submucosa ;serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 reached the peak in 24 h;serum levels of LDH ,GP ,BARS reached the peak in 6h ,so did GGT in 24 h .In the propyl-ene glycol control group and the normal control group ,lymphocytes ,macrophages and neutrophils were rare in submucosa .Conclu-sion The mechanism of SM (2 mg/kg) induced acute tracheal injury involves the inflammatory reaction ,apoptosis and oxidative stress ,moreover the lesion degree has the correlation with time .

This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of facial color features' evaluation in the dignosis and the treatment of bronchial asthma (BA) in children,providing an objective basis and therapeutic evaluation for its clinical studies.Parameters of the fratures of facial complexions of 129 children with BA were detected using.TCM-Ⅰ Smart type of life information analysis system.Then the parameters of the features of facial complexions in the children was analyzed and explored.It was found that red faces were common in asthma children during the acute stage,while withered faces were presented in the children with BA during the remission stage,lacking bright cheeks in the children of both the two stages.The H values and the S values of the features of facial complexions in the children with BA were significantly higher than those of the healthy children (P ＜ 0.05),while the V values of the children with BA were significantly lower than those of the healthy children (P ＜ 0.05).Besides,the H values and the V values of the features of facial complexions in the children with BA during the acute period were significantly lower than those in the remission stage (P ＜ 0.05).In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the characteristics of facial complexions may provide an objective basis for the prognosis of bronchial asthma in children.

OBJECTIVETo explore combination rules of Chinese herbal prescriptions from effective cases for treatment of unstable angina (UA).

METHODSPrescription data from 156 UA patients effectively treated at Cardiovascular Diseases Centre of Xiyuan Hospital were analyzed using complex network method.

RESULTSAccording to multi-scale analysis of backbone network and pointwise mutual information analysis, core prescriptions from the 156 UA patients were presented as follows: Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Radix Paeoniae rubra, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, poria, and Angelica sinensis. Meanwhile, core couplet medicines for these patients covered Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii and Radix paeoniaerubra, Angelica sinensis and Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Radix Codonopsis and Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii and Rhizoma Pinelliae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and poriacocos, Bulbus Alli Macrostemi and Rhizoma Pinelliae. Among different primary symptoms, there was slightly difference in core prescriptions.

CONCLUSIONThe core prescriptions for the treatment of UA include blood-activating drug, phlem-resolving drugs. As an exploration of combination rules of Chinese herbal prescriptions in treating UA based on complex network, it can be used as a reference for further researches.

Angelica sinensis ; Angina, Unstable ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pinellia ; Plant Roots ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prescriptions ; standards

Objective To explore and discuss the safety and treatment effect in intraoperative and postoperative intracerebral an-eurysm clip occlusion .Methods Retrospective analysis of 285 cases from April 2010 to April 2012 which underwent aneurysm clip occlusion was conducted .All patients received lumbar drainage surgery after anaesthesia .All patient′s complications were statisti-cally analyzed .Results In 285 patients ,no aneurysm rupture happened after drainage ;brain retraction syndrome′s incidence rate was 3 .00% ;cerebral vasospasm′s incidence rate was 11 .60% ;hydrocephalus′s incidence rate was 2 .10% ;intracranial infection′s incidence rate was 9 .10% .The mortality rate was 1 .05% .Conclusion Lumbar drainage is a safe ,effective ,simple treatment .It can effectively reduce the risk of aneurysm clip occlusion ,prevention and treatment of postoperative complications ,and ultimately im-prove the prognosis .

We have constructed an immunotoxin(Ng76-TCS),which was composed of a monoclonalantibody directed against human melanoma and trichosanthin(TCS)——a single chain ribosomeinactivating protein.The cultured human melanoma cells(M21)were inhibited effectively byNg 76-TCS.The cytotoxicity of Ng76-TCS to M21 cells was 2,000-fold higher than that of free TCS and Ng76 mixture.A conjugate,which was prepared with normal mice immunoglobulinand TCS(NIgG-TCS),was 160-fold less cytotoxic to M21 cells.Meanwhile Ng76-TCS was125-fold less cytotoxic to nontarget cells Hela.These results showed that the immunotoxinNg76-TCS was a potent and specific anti-human melanoma agent.

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the chemical constituents of Alyxia sinensis.

METHODPhytochmical experiment was carried out, using column chromatograph technologies.

RESULTFive compounds have been isolated from the petroleum ether soluble part of the stems of A. sinensis. Their structures have been elucidated respectively as heptatriacontane(1), octatriacontane(2), 20-noatriacontannone(3), 20-nonatriacontanone(4), 20-tetraacontanoe(5), physcion(6), emodin(7), chrysophanol(8), coumarin(9), stigmasterol acetate(10), beta-sitosterol acetate(11), lupeol(12), betulin(13), stigmasterol(14), beta-sitosterol(15), ursolic acid(16), oleanolic acid(17).

CONCLUSIONAll these compounds are firstly been isolated from A. sinensis. And compound 5-9, 10, 11 are also been separated from Alyxiae genus for the first time.

Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Fatigue is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined the relationship between T2DM fatigue and the skeletal muscle 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system. In animal experiments, a T2DM model was established in mice by feeding a high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The mice were treated with the 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist sarpogrelate hydrochloride (SH) and the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor carbidopa (CDP) (separately and in combination). In cell culture experiments, C2C12 cells were stimulated with D-glucose, palmitic acid or 5-HT. 5-HT_2AR, 5-HT synthesis and 5-HT degradation were inhibited by SH, CDP, or monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor. The animal experiments were in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. The results showed that 5-HT_2AR, 5-HT synthase and MAO-A were expressed in mouse skeletal muscle and C2C12 cells. The expression of these proteins was significantly up-regulated in T2DM mice or when C2C12 cells were exposed to palmitic acid and D-glucose; palmitic acid was a stronger stimulant of their expression than D-glucose. Rotating rod experiments and biochemical index tests have shown that T2DM fatigue is associated with an increase in skeletal muscle 5-HT_2AR, 5-HT synthesis and 5-HT degradation. 5-HT_2AR mediates the expression of MAO-A and the synthesis of 5-HT, which indirectly regulates the degradation of 5-HT. MAO-A regulates cell inflammation, mitochondrial ROS production and membrane potential depolarization by mediating 5-HT degradation. MAO-A also inhibits the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) and ATP synthase-6 (ATP6), thus inhibiting mitochondrial functions such as fatty acid β oxidation and ATP synthesis. SH and CDP can effectively treat T2DM fatigue, and can also reduce blood glucose and blood lipid, and the combination of SH and CDP has a clear synergistic effect.

OBJECTIVETo study the serum protein differential expression in acute leukemia patients and healthy control by differential protein mass spectrometry.

METHODSSerum proteins of 51 acute leukemia (AL) patients and 10 healthy donors were extracted from their peripheral blood. After removing high abundance protein, serum low abundance proteins were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis, the differences of serum proteins in AL patients and healthy human were identified. The protein spots with differential expression were cut out and then undergone bleaching, gel digestion and peptide extraction. The peptide mass fingerprint analysis was performed by using MALDI TOF/TOF MS. The protein database MSDB Masort retrieval program was used to evaluate the results.

RESULTSUsing Student's t test,19 statistically significant abnormal expression proteins in the serum of AL patients were found compared with the healthy controls (P < 0.05). The expression of α1-trypsin inhibitor (P < 0.01), prealbumin (P < 0.01), trypsin inhibitor (P < 0.01), apolipoprotein E (P < 0.01) and apolipoprotein A-Ⅳ (P < 0.01) decreased, while retinol binding protein (P < 0.05), globin HP2 (P < 0.05), serum lectin (P < 0.05), H factor homologue protein (P < 0.05) and serum amyloid A1 (P < 0.01) increased. Further stratified analysis found that high serum lectin expression in AL patient resulted in poor outcomes.

CONCLUSIONThere are a variety of serum proteins with differential expression in peripheral blood of AL patients. The differential expression of serum lectin is related to the therapeutic effect. The differential expression of these proteins can be used as a new diagnosis marker or prognostic indicator for acute leukemia.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptide Mapping ; Proteome ; metabolism ; Young Adult