Molecular Probe Techniques ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of immunoglobulin G (IgG) extravasated from blood circulation on the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induced by peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat brain. Methods The rats were divided into four groups in random, 5 rats in each. Group one received LPS 100μg/kg by intraperitoneal administration, normal saline was given by intravenous injection 6 hours later; group two was injected with adrenalin (AD) 15μg/kg intravenously; group three was treated with LPS intraperitoneally, AD was injected 6 hours later; group four was injected normal saline intravenously as control. For all groups, the animals were sacrificed 30 min after the last injection, and the brains were taken for investigation of the TLR4 expressions by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. Result Immunofluorescence staining showed that IgG immunoreactive product was patch-like, distributed in the brain parenchyma in all the animals that received AD. In the LPS+normal saline group, IgG was found merely around the blood vessels. Meanwhile, in LPS+AD animals, TLR4 immunoreactive product coexisted with microglia marker Iba-1 within the IgG extravasated area. The double-labeled cells dispersed in the brain parenchyma and near to the cerebral vessels. In the LPS+saline group, TLR4 positive cells were endothelial-like. RT-PCR results indicated that the expression level of TLR4 in the LPS+AD group were significantly higher than that in the LPS+saline group or AD group or the saline control (P<0.01). Conclusion Extravasated circulating IgG may enhance the TLR4 expression in the rat brain induced by peripheral LPS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and emotional status in functional constipation patients.Methods Thirty-five functional constipation patients (the functional constipation group) and 24 healthy controls (the HCs) were enrolled in an event-related potential (ERP),behavior and electroeneephalogram study while performing an oddball auditory task.Response time,accuracy,latency and P300 amplitude were compared between the two groups.The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17),Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA),symptom check list-90 (SCL-90) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were administered prior to the oddball task.Results The average HAMD-17,HAM A and SCL-90 (the somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,depression,anxiety and psychosis dimensions) scores of the functional constipation group differed significantly from those of the HCs.The intro-extraversion and neurosis dimensions of the EPQ were also significantly different.There was no significant difference in response time or latency between the two groups.The ERP results showed that the P300 amplitudes at the F3 and F7 sites were significantly different between the functional constipation group and the HCs.But there was no significant difference in P300 latencies at F3 or F7 between the two groups.Conclusions The findings suggest that patients with functional constipation are more susceptible to depression and anxiety,as well as somatization,obsessive-compulsive tendencies and other neurotic personality characteristics.Patients may employ psychological defense mechanisms to avoid the depression and anxiety.The ERP results imply there may be the implicit cognitive dysfunction with emotion in patients with functional constipation.

Objective To assess the changes in heart geometry and function during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods Thirty ASAⅡorⅢpatients(24 males,6 females)aged 50-78 undergoing elective off-pump CABG were studied.After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation a catheter which was connected to the monitor measuring continuous cardiac output(CCO),mixed venous blood oxygen saturation(S(?)O_2)and CEDV was placed via right internal jugular vein and the probe of multi-phase transesophageal echocardiograph(TEE)(Sonos HP 2500)was inserted in the esophagus.The distance between the probe and the incisors was between 34-45 cm.The hemodynamic variables and TEE parameters were recorded when epicardium was opened(T_1,baseline)when the octopus tissue stabilizer was placed during anastomosis between the graft vessel and left anterior descending artery(LAD)(T_2)left circumflex artery(LCX)(T_3)and right coronary artery(RCA)(T_4)and when the anastomoses between the vessel grafts and aorta was completed (T_5).Results At T_2 the mitral valve deceleration time(DT_1)and the blood flow through the mitral valve(Q_1) were decreased significantly as compared with the baseline(T_1);MAP was significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased(P＜0.05).At T_3 the left and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD,RVEDD), tricuspid valve diameter(TVD)and the blood flow through Q_1 and tricuspid valve(Q_2)were significantly decreased as compared to the baseline values at T_1.The mitral valve E/A ratio was increased while the tricuspid valve E/A ratio was decreased(P＜0.05).The MAP,S(?)O_2,right ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volume(RVESV,RVEDV)and right ventricular ejection fraction were significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased at T_3 as compared to the baseline at T_1.At T_4 LVESD,LVEDD,MVD,tricuspid valve E/A ratio and Q_1 were significantly decreased as compared to the baseline at T_1(P＜0.05).MAP,MPAP,SV,S(?)O_2, RVEF,RVESV and RVEDV were significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased(P＜0.05).At T_5 all the TEE and hemodynamic parameters returned to the baseline valves at T_1.Conclusion During anastomoses between graft vessels and LAD,LCX and RCA,both left and right ventricles are compared to some extent and the heart function is impaired temporarily but returns to the baseline after the anastomoses are completed.

This study reported the analysis of plasma phospholipid metabolism of the rats and the pathological biomarkers between the type 2 diabetes model control group (MC) and the normal control group (NC). SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: NC and MC. To investigate state of plasma metabolite profiling in normal body, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model group using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS which was used as analysis tool in this research. The compounds were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based on MS/MS fragment ions information, element composition in MassLynx 4.1 and the Lipid Maps database. The sign of two groups of samples in specific markers for screening was through a software package in R software (BioMark software). The results show that the pathological markers were mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC) and triglycerides (TG); the 2-acyl PC in the MC group was less more obviously than that in the NC group; high carbon number and high degree of unsaturation of the TG was reduced under the condition of type 2 diabetes. In the state of type 2 diabetes, metabolic changes occurred in rat plasma phospholipids obviously, which had a close relationship with the occurrence and development of T2DM.

In order to identify the differentially expressing gene of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stimulated by electromagnetic field (EMF) with osteogenesis microarray analysis, the bone marrow MSCs of SD rats were isolated and cultured in vitro. The third-passage cells were stimulated by EMFs and total RNA was extracted, purified and then used for the synthesis of cDNA and cRNA. The cRNA of stimulated group and the control group was hybridized with the rat oligo osteogenesis microarray respectively. The hybridization signals were acquired by using X-ray film after chemiluminescent detection and the data obtained were analyzed by employing the web-based completely integrated GEArray Expression Analysis Suite. RT-PCR was used to identify the target genes: Bmp1, Bmp7, Egf and Egfr. The results showed that 19 differentially expressing genes were found between the stimulated group and the control group. There were 6 up-regulated genes and 13 down-regulated genes in the stimulated group. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that the expressions of Bmp1, Bmp7 mRNA of the stimulated group were up-regulated (P<0.05) and those of Egf, Egfr were down-regulated (P<0.05). It was suggested that the gene expression profiles of osteogenesis of the bone marrow MSCs were changed after EMF treatment. It is concluded that the genes are involved in skeletal development, bone mineral metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, cell adhesion etc.
Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Down-Regulation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*cytology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotide Probes/chemistry ; Osteogenesis/*genetics ; RNA, Complementary/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is a primary treatment for cataract.However,tear film stability and ocular surface structure are affected after surgery,especially some cataract patients with diabetes.Researches determined that tear film dysfunction is an important causative factor of dry eye.Objective This study was to investigate the change of tear film after phacoemulsification in cataract patient with diabetes.Methods A non-randomized cases-controlled study was designed.Thirty-six cataract patients with diabetes (54 eyes)and matched 32 patients (40 eyes)with age-related cataract were included in this study in Tianjin First Center Hospital from October,2010 to May,2011.Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation was performed on the all patients with the same topical eyedrops in both groups.Dry eye-related symptom was surveyed and scored by questionnaire,and tear film break-up time (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test(S Ⅰ t)and corneal fluorescein(FL) were examined 3 days before operation and 1 day,1 week,1month,3 months after operation.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before entering this trial.Results The percentage with preoperative symptoms of dry eye was 36.2％ and postoperative dry eye symptoms accounted for 75.8％.Significant differences were seen in dry eye symptom score,FL score,BUT value and S Ⅰ t value between the diabetic cataract group and only cataract group as well as among 4 time points(dry eye symptom score:Fgroup =139.347,P =0.000 ; Ftime =342.741,P =0.000 ; FL score: Fgroup =14.073,P =0.000 ; Ftime =332.697,P =0.000 ; BUT value: Fgroup =28.198,P =0.000 ; Ftime =868.364,P =0.000 ; S Ⅰ t value: Fgroup =2.848,P =0.095 ; Ftime =564.017,P=0.000).FL scores of 2 groups were significantly higher in postoperation than those in preoperation (P＜0.05),and those of diabetic cataract group were significantly higher than only cataract group(P＜0.05),but no significant difference was found between postoperation 3 months and preoperation (P＞0.05).BUT was shorter in postoperation than that in preoperation in the diabetic cataract group(P＜0.05).S Ⅰ t values in postoperative 1 day and 1 week were significantly lower than in preoperation in both groups(P＜0.05).However,S Ⅰ t values returned to normal from 1 month through 3 months in both groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Tear film dysfunction occurs after operationin cataract patient with type 2 diabetes.It is thought that cataract patient with diabetes is susceptible population of dry eye.Dry eye appears more early and severer in diabetes patients after phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).

METHODSFrom January 2007 to February 2010, the data of 40 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture underwent treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Of them,20 patients were treated with PVP (PVP group), there were 8 males and 12 females with an average age of (66.37 +/- 2.34) years old (54 to 81); 20 patients were treated with PKP (PKP group), there were 11 males and 9 females with an average of (65.12 +/- 3.21) years old (56 to 79). Postoperative at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year, pain and daily life function were respectively assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Barthel index (BI); and anterior height of responsibility vertebra, Cobb angle were measured by X-rays.

RESULTSIn PVP group, 1 case complicated with bone cement leakage without clinical symptoms and no operation to treat. No postoperative infection and deep vein thrombosis were found between two groups. All patients were followed up more than 1 year, pain and daily life function has obviously improved than preoperative (P < 0.01); and there was no significant difference on 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year after operation (P > 0.05); there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). In PVP group, there was no significant difference in anterior height of responsibility vertebra, Cobb angle before and after operation;and in PKP group, postoperative data has obviously improved than preoperative (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference postoperative at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year (P > 0.05); there was no significant difference between two groups at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year after operation.

CONCLUSIONBoth the methods can obviously relieve pain and completely or partly recover daily life function in treating OVCF. But PKP has advantages of recovery of anterior height of responsibility vertebra and correction of Cobb angle, especially for serious compression.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Radiography ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spine ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Aluminum ; toxicity ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To study the influence of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the expression of type I collagen by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and it's mechanism. Methods The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of SD rats were isolated and cultured in vitro.The third passage cells were harvested and exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMFs)at 15 Hz and 1 mT 8 h/d for 3 days.A semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique was used to measure the type I collagen mRNA expression;ELISA and immunohistochemitistry techniques were used to measure type I collagen expression.Inhibitors and promoters of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A(cAMP-PKA)pathway were added.After the cAMP-PKA pathway had been inhibited or promoted,the effects of the PEMF on type I collagen expression were measured again using ELISA and immunohistoehemistry.Results PEMFs at 15 Hz and 1 mT induced significant promotion of the expression of type I collagen(P≤0.01)in comparison with the controls. The type I collagen expression was reduced when the cAMP-PKA pathway inhibitor H-89 was added,and raised when the promoter 8-Br-cAMP was added.Conclusion PEMFs at 15 Hz 1 mT can promote type I collagen expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.and the effect is correlated with the cAMP-PKA pathway.