The study focused on the therapeutic efficacy of Tibetan medicines on cerebral ischemia. The combined medication methods and administration habits in clinic for more than 10 years were simulated. Three typical Tibetan medicines, i.e., 25-Herb Shanhu pill, Wishful-Treasure pill and 20-Herb Chenxiang pill, were administered to the animal model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the morning, noon and evening, respectively. On the second day after the final administration, the activity of serum oxidative stress marker SOD and the content of MDA were evaluated. Infarct volumes were quantified through TTC staining. Inflammatory reaction maker NF-kappaB p65 gene and apoptosis. makers Bax and Cyct were selected to study the molecular mechanism of combined herbs with the immunohistochemistry technique. According to the result, the respective combination of 25-Herb Shanhu pill, Wishful-Treasure pill and 20-Herb Chenxiang pill in the morning, noon and evening showed unique advantages in reducing the damage of oxidative stress, infarct volumes, encephaledema caused by ischemia, inflammatory factor aggregation and inhibiting apoptosis, with consistent therapeutic efficacies in clinic.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Transcription Factor RelA ; physiology

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains the major obstacle to the success of clinical cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1, is an important part with complex mechanisms associated with the MDR. In order to overcome the MDR of tumors, we in the present experimental design incorporated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MDR1 gene and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) into the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to achieve the combinational therapeutic effects of genetherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, siRNA-PTX-SLNs were successfully prepared. The cytotoxicity of blank SLNs and siRNA-PTX-SLNs in MCF-7 cells and MCF-7/ADR cells were detected by MTT; and the uptake efficiency of PTX in MCF-7/ADR cells were detected via HPLC method; quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the silencing effect of siRNA-PTX- SLNs on MDR1 gene in MCF-7/ADR cells. The results showed that PTX loaded SLNs could significantly inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and more importantly, the MDR tumor cells treated with siRNA-PTX-SLNs showed the lowest viability. HPLC study showed that SLNs could enhance the cellular uptake for PTX. Meanwhile, siRNA delivered by SLNs significantly decreased the P-gp expression in MDR tumor cells, thus increased the cellular accumulation of rhodamine123 as a P-gp substrate. In conclusion, the MDR1 gene could be silenced by siRNA-PTX-SLNs, which could promote the growth inhibition efficiency of PTX on tumor cells, leading to synergetic effect on MDR tumor therapy.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Lipids ; chemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; drug effects ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

AlM:To explore treatment efficacy of the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery in senile entropion.METHODS:Fifty cases (86 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients underwent lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition correction surgery as the experimental group, and the other 42 cases (68 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients received orbicularis muscle shortening correction as controls group. The correction rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate of patients were observed one week after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6~12mo to be observed the long-term recurrence rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate.RESULTS: One week after operation, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05); After followed up for 6 ~12mo, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Folding and orbicularis muscle shortening treatment of senile entropion was compared with the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery treatment of senile entropion, We can find that clinical results in double eyelid surgery symmetry and overcorrection rate are of obvious advantage.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate in vitro antibacterial effect of extracts from Miao medicine Rubus multibracteatus leaves. METHODS:The aqueous extract and 80% ethanol extracts from R. multibracteatus leaves were used to prepare solution with mass concentration of 200 mg/mL. Using ampicillin and fluconazol as positive control (50 mg/mL),cup plate method was used to determine antibacterial effects of the extracts from R. multibracteatus leaves to Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epi-dermidis,Escherichia coli,Shigella dysenteriae,Proteus vulgaris,Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. The petroleum ether,acetic ether and n-butyl alcohol were used to extract 80% ethanol extracts in turns. After obtaining relevant extracts (50 mg/mL),cup plate method was used to investigate antibacterial effects of them to above 7 bacterial strains. The parts with antibacte-rial effects and bacterial strains sensitive to drug were screened. Micro-broth dilution method and agar culture medium plate method were used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC). RESULTS:The aqueous extract of R. multibracteatus leaves almost had no inhibitory effect while 80% ethanol extract showed different degrees of antibacterial effect to tested bacterial strains,and it also had higher activity against 5 bacterial stains than 2 fungus. The ethyl ace-tate and n-butyl alcohol fractions of 80% ethanol extracts showed good effect while the petroleum ether and water layer fractions had no antibacterial effect,and all the fractions of 80% ethanol extracts showed no inhibitory effect on fungus. To 5 bacterial stains,MIC and MBC of 80% ethanol extract were 6.25-12.5,12.5-25 mg/mL,those of ethyl acetate fractions were 3.13,6.25 mg/mL and those of n-butyl alcohol fraction were 3.13-6.25,6.25-12.5 mg/mL,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:80% ethanol ex-tract of Miao medicine R. multibracteatus leaves and its ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol fractions have obvious in vitro antibacteri-al effect to bacteria.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of oleanolic acid and its derivative di-hydrooleanolic acid in rats in vivo. METHODS:12 SD rats were randomly divided into oleanolic acid administration group and di-hydrooleanolic acid administration group,6 in each group. All rats were intragastrically given related medicine(50 mg/kg),then in-travenously injected related medicine(2 mg/kg)in tail vein after 1 week. Sample blood 0.3 mL was taken from tail vein before ad-ministration and after administration(0.1,0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.5,2,3,5,7,9,12 h for ig;0.05,0.15,0.25,0.5,0.75,1, 2,3,5,7,9,12 h for iv). UPLC-QTOF was conducted to determine the plasma concentration,and DAS 2.0 pharmacokinetic software was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters and absolute bioavailability. RESULTS:After ig and iv oleanolic acid, the AUC0-∞ were(232.10±7.17),(1203.99±19.65)ng·h/mL,t1/2 were(1.75±0.10),(1.41±0.04)h respectively;after ig,cmax was (121.3 ± 18.92) ng/mL,tmax was (0.54 ± 0.10) h,absolute bioavailability was 0.77%. After ig and iv dihydrooleanolic acid, AUC0-∞ were(382.03±23.73),(386.14±10.65)ng·h/mL,t1/2 were(2.47±0.45),(1.44±0.03)h;after ig,cmax was(124.52± 12.28)ng/mL,tmax was(0.63±0.14)h,absolute bioavailability was 3.96%. CONCLUSIONS:The absolute bioavailability of di-hydrooleanolic acid is significantly higher than oleanolic acid in rats.

Objective To compare the differences between endoscopic resection and laparoscopy?assisted surgery or transanal endoscopic resection for rectal neuroendocrinal tumor. Methods Clinical data of patients who underwent endoscopic or surgical resection of neuroendocrinal tumor of less than 2 cm which were confirmed by pathology from December 2010 to November 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Twenty cases of endoscopic treatment, including 17 cases of ESD, 3 cases of EMR,were included in endoscopy group;while 18 cases treated with surgery were included in surgery group, among which 12 ca?ses underwent transanal endoscopic microsurgery and 6 cases laparoscopic resection. The mean lesion sizes were 7 mm(4?18 mm)and 8 mm(3?15 mm),respectively. Pathology showed there were 16 cases of grade G1 neurocrinal tumor and 2 G2 cases in surgical group. There was no lymphvascular invasion with clear margin in the endoscopy group,but three cases of lymphvascular invasion in surgical group. No treatment?related se?vere adverse event occurred in either group. The time for oral food intake was 2?0 d(1?4 d) in endoscopy group, while that in surgery group was 2?4 d(1?7 d)(P=0?295). The hospital stay was(6?80±2?12) d in endoscopy group and(8?59±2?85)d in surgery group, respectively(P=0?034). And the total hospitalization cost was 10 488(4 128?15 296) yuan and 15 590(3 024?40 503) yuan(P=0?031) in the two groups, re?spectively. The follow?up was 25 months(2?48 months)and no recurrence was found. Conclusion Endo?scopic resection, especially ESD, is a new approach to treat colorectal neuroendocrinal tumor,advantageous over surgery in shorter hospitalization time, minimal invasiveness, faster postoperative recovery, less compli? cation, and reduced hospitalization cost.

Objective To explore the clinical signiifcance of combined detection of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (FT4) in dried blood spots in screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates. Methods The TSH and FT4 levels in dried blood spot were measured by time-resolved lfuorescence immunity in live born neonates from June to December 2013. If the screening was positive, the blood was drawn and the serum TSH and FT4 were measured and compared with the results from dried blood spots. Results In a total of 31 199 neonates screened, 12 cases were diagnosed with CH and the prevalence rate of CH was 1/2 600;4 cases were hyperthyropinemia and no pituitary CH was detected. There was no signiifcant difference between TSH or FT4 levels in dried blood spot and those in serum in neonates diagnosed with CH (P>0.05). Conclusions Combined detection of TSH and FT4 in dried blood spot can be used for neonatal screening of CH. It can be applied for early distinguishing CH from hyperthyropinemia, and also helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of central CH.

Abstract?AlM:To analyze of the clinical features of acute retinal pigment epitheltis ( ARPE) .?METHODS: The clinical data of 36 ARPE patients ( 40 eyes) attending this center from January 2008 to January 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Of them, 21 patients (58.3%) were male (male :female=1:0. 71). The mean age was 40. 92±7. 13 years old (range:17~60y). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0. 50±0. 26 with a range of 0. 3 ~ 1. 0. Thirty-two patients were unilateral cases. All the patients were examined for BCVA, funds photography, fluorescein fundus angiography ( FFA ) , optical coherence tomography ( OCT) . FFA was shown as three types: type ▏ to multiple black light or grape variety fluorescent spot; Type II for l lesions visible fluorescence leakage; Type Ⅲ lesions with choroid neovascularization ( CNV ) . OCT was the following three forms: multiple RPE lesions layer reflection intermittent, proliferation ( type ▏); pigment epithelial detachment with limitations neural epithelium ( typeII);types l and ll with CNV ( type Ⅲ) .?RESULTS: Ocular fundus showed that the lesions were multiple dark-gray spots with a dark circumscribed area at the macular or nearby in all 40 eyes. FFA showed:21 eyes were type ▏, 17 eyes were type II and 2 eyes were typeⅢ, BCVA between type ▏ and type II was statistically significant (P<0. 05), the same was between type 芋. BCVA between different cases in the same type and between type II, Ⅲ, was no statistical difference ( P>0. 05). OCT showed 21 eyes wwere type ▏, 17 eyes were type II and type Ⅲ 2 eyes. BCVA average between type▏ andIIwas statistically significant (P<0. 05). The mean BCVA was no statistically significant difference between type II and Ⅲ patients (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSlON:ARPE fundus demonstrated the multiple dark gray discrete lesions, the degree of visual impairment related with the presence of pigment epithelial barrier and lesion location. OCT and FFA characterized three types. FFA is shown asblack light orgrape variety fluorescent spot, and is the basis of diagnosis. OCT can display the lesions organization form of each layer clearly. lt plays a more and more important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ARPE.

The information-knowledge-intelligence transformation rules were introduced as the theory for the transformation of information service main body for evidence-based medicine according to the analysis of domestic and foreign institutional main body and personal main body for the information service of evidence-based medicine.It was proposed that medical library as the institutional main body should be transformed into information repository + thinking library and clinical medical librarians as the personal main body should be transformed into evidence witness + decision making adviser with associated literacy.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and management of tracheomalacia complicating large goiter. Methods Clinical data of 36 patients with large goiter complicated by tracheomalacia at Xijing Hospital between 1992 and 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative Valsalva-Mueller test were performed in all patients before undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy with tracheal suspension, and two patients were treated by subtotal thyroidectomy with tracheal suspension and tracheostomy. Results Valsalva-Mueller test was positive in all patients. The compressed tracheal cartilage disappeared in 2 cases, became thin and soft in other 34 cases. Thirty-four patients who underwent subtotal thyroidectomy with tracheal suspension recovered and 2 patients were resued by tracheal suspension with tracheostomy. There was no mortality. Postoperative 34 cases were followed-up from 6 months to 13 years. Thirty-two cases had no postoperative respiratory obstruction, 2 patients died of unrelated diseases. Conclusions The diagnosis of tracheomalacia from large goiter is based on Valsalva-Mueller test and operative detection. Subtotal thyroidectomy with tracheal suspension is the treatment of choice for tracheomalacia complicating large goiter.