Epilepsy is a complications of brain injury or stroke,and is a common diseases in reha-bilitation or neurology department.Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a classical treatment means for stroke or brain injury,but also can promote the recovery of epilepsy.However,there is no clear clinical re-port for safety of epilepsy patients use both donepezil and transcranial magnetic stimulation .The article re-views the literature.Clinicians maybe provided some help.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between occlusal plane and sagittal position of the mandible by examining dental and skeletal morphologies of average angle patients for better understanding of etiologies and definitive clinical guidelines of mandibular malpositions.

METHODSThe lateral cephalograms of 114 female average angle patients with neutral maxillary positions were selected and divided into three groups according to sagittal mandibular positions (ANB angle). Twenty-five skeletal and dental measurements were compared. The correlations between skeletal and dental measurements were analyzed by rectilinear correlation.

RESULTSCant of posterior occlusal plane (OP-P) and height of the upper second molar were significantly related to sagittal position of the mandible (P < 0.05). Height of the upper second molar was relatively inadequate and OP-P was sloped when the mandible was positioned posteriorly; conversely, height of the upper second molar was excessive and OP-P tended to be flat when the mandible was positioned anteriorly. Tooth axial inclinations were affected by sagittal position of the mandible. Maxillary teeth proclined distally and mandibular ones mesially for patients with retrognathia. On the other hand, maxillary teeth proclined mesially while mandibular ones distally for patients with prognathia.

CONCLUSIONThere was a definite relationship between cant of posterior occlusal plane and sagittal position of the mandible in average angle patients, consistent with the dental morphologies of different skeletal configurations. In treating malocclusions of sagittal discrepancy of mandible, the height of posterior teeth and cant of OP-P might be a primary concern.

Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement Techniques

A quantitative analytical method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was developed for simultaneously determining twelve components in Tibetan medicine Zuozhu Daxi. SIMPCA 12.0 software was used a principal component analysis PCA) and partial small squares analysis (PLSD-DA) on the twelve components in 10 batches from four pharmaceutical factories. Acquity UPLC BEH C15 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.7 µm) was adopted at the column temperature of 35 °C and eluted with acetonitrile (A) -0.05% phosphate acid solution (B) as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0. 3 mL · min(-1). The injection volume was 1 µL. The detection wavelengths were set at 210 nm for alantolactone, isoalantolactone and oleanolic; 260 nm for trychnine and brucine; 288 nm for protopine; 306 nm for protopine, resveratrol and piperine; 370 nm for quercetin and isorhamnetin. The results showed a good separation among index components, with a good linearity relationship (R2 = 0.999 6) within the selected concentration range. The average sample recovery rates ranged between 99.44%-101.8%, with RSD between 0.37%-1.7%, indicating the method is rapid and accurate with a good repeatability and stability. The PCA and PLSD-DA analysis on the sample determination results revealed a great difference among samples from different pharmaceutical factories. The twelve components included in this study contributed significantly to the quantitative determination of intrinsic quality of Zuozhu Daxi. The UPLC established for to the quantitative determination of the twelve components can provide scientific basis for the comprehensive quality evaluation of Zuozhu Daxi.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Tibet

Aim To study the inhibitory effect of volatile components in Oroxyli Semen on liver cancer and its possible mechanisms.Methods H22 bearing mouse model was used,the mice were divided into six groups:blank,model,positive (cytoxan,100 mg · kg-1),low-,mid-,and high-dose (17.5,35,and 70 mg · kg-1) volatile components groups,and then the mice were ig given once daily for consecutive 12 d.Then the tumor growth inhibitory rate,spleen and thymus indexes were calculated;the serum levels of IL-2,IL-6 were determined.HE staining was used to study of the apoptosis of the solid tumor.After treatment of SMMC-7721 cells with 0 ～ 1 g · L-1 of volatile components for 24,48 and 72 h,MTT assay was used to examine the proliferation.TUNEL method was applied to detect cell apoptosis,and RT-PCR method to detect Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3 mRNA experssion.Results The inhibitory rate of volatile components high-dose on H22 bearing mice was 42.08％.The thymus index and the contents of serum IL-2 and IL-6 of H22 bearing mice were significantly higher than those in model group.Volatile components could significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells,downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA,and up-regulate the expression of Bax,caspase-3 mRNA.Conclusions The volatile components in Oroxyli Semen have obvious anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing immune system and promoting tumor cell apoptosis.

Objective:To explore the expression of microRNA-3162-3p in different clinical stages of childhood primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)and its significance.Methods:Ninety-six children with ITP were enrolled and divided into new diagnosis group(n=40),persistent group(n=30)and chronic group(n=26)according to the course of disease.80 healthy children were selected as the control group.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMNC)of ITP children and healthy children were isolated and cultured,and the expression of microRNA-3162-3p in PBMNC of subjects was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The contents of IL-17,IL-23,IL-10 and TGF-β in PBMNC of subjects were determined by ELISA.The correlation between microRNA-3162-3p and platelet count,IL-17,IL-23,IL-10 and TGF-β was analyzed.Results:Compared with the control group,the expression of microRNA-3162-3p and IL-10 in PBMNC and platelet count of ITP children were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while IL-17,IL-23 and TGF-β were significantly increased(P＜0.05).With the prolongation of the disease course,the expressions of microRNA-3162-3p and IL-10 in PBMNC and platelet count were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the expressions of IL-17,IL-23 and TGF-β were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The expression of microRNA-3162-3p in PBMNC was positively correlated with platelet count and IL-10(r=0.716,0.667),and negatively correlated with IL-17,IL-23,and TGF-β(r=-0.540,-0.641,-0.560).Conclusion:MicroRNA-3162-3p expression is significantly reduced in PBMNC of children with ITP,and is involved in the regulation of Th17/Treg imbalance,which can be used as a potential therapeutic target of ITP.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of eltrombopag for primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adults and the predictive factors for treatment-free response (TFR) . Methods: Clinical data of adults with ITP who received eltrombopag from June 14, 2013 to May 31, 2021 in the Hematology Department of Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. The initial dose of eltrombopag was 25 mg/d, and the maximum dose was 75 mg/d; the dose was adjusted to maintain the platelet count to within 50-150×10(9)/L. Treatment was discontinued according either to the protocol, on the patient's wishes or doctor's judgment (prescription medication), or based on clinical trials. The efficacy of eltrombopag and factors for TFR among patients who achieved complete response and those who discontinued treatment were analyzed. Results: Overall, 106 patients with ITP (33 men and 73 women) were included in the study. The median age of patients was 50 (18-89) years. There were 2, 10, and 94 cases of newly diagnosed, persistent, and chronic ITP, respectively. The complete response rate was 44.3% (47/106), the response rate was 34.0% (36/106), and the overall response rate was 78.3% (83/106). Meanwhile, 83 patients who responded to treatment discontinued eltrombopag; of these, 81 patients were evaluated. Additionally, 17 patients (21.0%) achieved TFR. The median follow-up duration of patients who achieved TFR was 126 (30-170) weeks. The recurrence rate was 17.6% (3/17), and the relapse-free survival rate was 76.5%. The results of univariate analysis revealed that non-recurrence after discontinuation of other treatments for ITP (P=0.001), and platelet count and eltrombopag dose of ≥100×10(9)/L (P=0.007) and ≤25 mg/d (P=0.031), respectively, upon discontinuation of eltrombopag were predictors of TFR; these effects were attributed to prolonged effective duration of eltrombopag. Multivariate analysis showed that there was a correlation between non-recurrence and prolonged effective duration after discontinuation of other treatments for ITP (P=0.002) . Conclusion: Eltrombopag is effective for patients with ITP as it can result in TFR. Predictors for TFR include non-recurrence after discontinuation of concomitant ITP treatment, and platelet count and eltrombopag dose of ≥100 × 10(9)/L and ≤25 mg/d upon discontinuation of treatment, respectively.
Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/diagnosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; China/epidemiology* ; Benzoates/therapeutic use*

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) treatment for primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients during the perioperative period. Methods: Adult ITP patients who were refractory to first-line glucocorticoid therapy and underwent selective surgery were enrolled to be treated with rhTPO at the dosage of 1.5×10(4)U/d subcutaneously during the perioperative period. rhTPO treatment would not be terminated until one of the following conditions occurred: ①Platelet counts met the requirement of surgery; ②Platelet counts were ≥100×10(9)/L; ③Completed the 14 days of therapy. End points of the study were surgery rate, rhTPO therapy response rate, rescue therapy rate and adverse responses. Results: 42 patients were enrolled from Jan. 1, 2016 to Jun. 30, 2018. 14 were male and 28 were female. The median age was 60 (25-73) years old. There were no newly diagnosed patients. 5 patients were persistent and 37 were chronic. 27 patients completed selective surgery. The surgery rate was 64.3% (27/42) . Among them, 13 patients were under local anesthesia and 14 under general anesthesia. Of 42 cases receiving rhTPO therapy. 31 patients achieved responses, The overall response rate was of 73.8%. Among them, 24 patients achieved CR. The CR ratio was 77.4% (24/31) . 7 achieved response. The response ratio was 22.6% (7/31) . 11 patients did not respond to rhTPO therapy. The non-response rate was 26.2% (11/42) . The median time to reach CR was 7 (3-16) days. The median time to reach the peak of platelet counts were 10 (3-21) days. rhTPO was used for a median of 7 (3-14) days. The median platelet counts of patients undergoing surgery before rhTPO therapy, before surgery and at day 7 after surgery were 33 (20-89) ×10(9)/L, 125 (78-245) ×10(9)/L and 72 (30-250) ×10(9)/L, respectively. The median peak of platelet counts was 149 (101-466) ×10(9)/L. No infection, bleeding, thromboembolism and therapy-related adverse responses occurred in the patients. Conclusion: rhTPO for ITP patients during the perioperative period is safe and effective.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Platelet Count ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy* ; Recombinant Proteins ; Thrombopoietin/therapeutic use*

OBJECTIVETo analyze clinical characteristics of children with 45, X/46, XY mosaicism and explore effective managements for them.

METHODFive children with 45, X/46, XY mosaicism were all in puberty period, of whom, three were female and two male. The standing height, weight and sexual development were measured. The levels of sex hormones, other endocrine parameters were also determined, and imaging examinations were performed.

RESULTAll the patients had disorders of sex development, of whom, 4 had short stature, and the HtSDs was -2.8 ± 1.1. The results of laboratory indexes suggested that 4 had hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, with the average level of LH (13.5 ± 5.8) IU/L and FSH (56.8 ± 37.4) IU/L. Imaging examinations revealed that 2 cases had cryptorchidism, 1 had immature uterus, 1 had testicular dysgenesis and 1 had normal testis. Three patients received rhGH treatment and 1 took gender assignment into account.

CONCLUSIONPatients with mosaic 45, X/46, XY karyotypes had a wide range of phenotypic manifestations, and disorders of sex development and short stature were the main clinical features. However, the disorders of sex development varied among these patients. And the management for them depends upon many factors and needs to be individualized based on the cooperation with different clinical departments.

Adolescent ; Child ; Chimerism ; Developmental Disabilities ; complications ; Female ; Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sexual Development ; Turner Syndrome ; complications

OBJECTIVETo obtain recombinant human interleukin 12 by genetic engineering, and to explore possibility of its clinical application in treatment of tumor and chronic hepatitis.

METHODSBicistronic expression vector P35-IRES-P40 was constructed for the simultaneous translation of IL-12 p35 and p40 cDNA subunit through internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES). pCI-dhfr-P35-IRES-P40 vector was constructed for expression in CHO-DHFR- cells. Positively cloned cells were screened by means of ELISA. Pools of clones with increased expression of IL-12 could be generated by selection in methotrexate. To determine the biological activities of rhIL-12, PHA-activated lymphoblasts proliferation assay and IFN-gamma induction assay were used in this study.

RESULTSGenetically engineered cells expressing hIl-12 were obtained and all the cell lines showed the stabile expression of rhIL-12 in high efficiency and good growth properties.

CONCLUSIONrhIL-12 have good biological activities, it can stimulate activation and proliferation of T cells and induce production of IFN-gamma.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; CHO Cells ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Transfection

AIMThe purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the passive transport of macromolecules within dental biofilms.

METHODOLOGYFluorescently labeled dextrans with different molecular mass (3 kD, 10 kD, 40 kD, 70 kD, 2000 kD) were used as a series of diffusion probes. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Actinomyces naeslundii and Fusobacterium nucleatum were used as inocula for biofilm formation. The diffusion processes of different probes through the in vitro biofilm were recorded with a confocal laser microscope.

RESULTSMathematical function of biofilm penetration was constructed on the basis of the inverse problem method. Based on this function, not only the relationship between average concentration of steady-state and molecule weights can be analyzed, but also that between penetrative time and molecule weights.

CONCLUSIONThis can be used to predict the effective concentration and the penetrative time of anti-biofilm medicines that can diffuse through oral biofilm. Furthermore, an improved model for large molecule is proposed by considering the exchange time at the upper boundary of the dental biofilm.

Actinomyces ; growth & development ; Algorithms ; Biofilms ; growth & development ; Biological Transport ; Dental Plaque ; microbiology ; Dextrans ; pharmacokinetics ; Diffusion ; Fluorescent Dyes ; pharmacokinetics ; Fusobacterium nucleatum ; growth & development ; Macromolecular Substances ; pharmacokinetics ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Probe Techniques ; Streptococcus mutans ; growth & development ; Streptococcus sanguis ; growth & development