Calmodulin,as an important signaling regulatory protein,widely exists in eukaryotic cells and participates in a variety of physiological activities.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a typical neurodegenerative diseasemostly affecting the old people.Senile plaques (SP) caused by amyloid protein deposition and neurofibrillary tangles (NTF) caused by over-phosphorylation of Tau protein in the brain are the two major neuropathological hallmarks of AD.Neuronal apoptosis induced by dysregulation of calcium homeostasis also plays a significant role during this pathological process.Recent studies have found that calcium and its downstream receptor,calmodulin,are closely associated with the pathogenesis and progress of Alzheimer's disease.This article reviews the current development and the latest research progress on the effects of calmodulin on β-amyloid protein generation and deposition,neurofibrillary tangle formation,synaptic plasticity in AD around the world,comprehensively discusses the role of calmodulin in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Random clustering was conducted among a total of 1068 residents aged 18 years or older at a certain Shanghai community.And they completed a questionnaire survey.Logistic data processing and model building were performed.The respondents were willing to go to a community health center for the following reasons:close proximity (88.4％),excellent service attitudes (40.4％) and low drug prices (37.8％).No statistically significant differences existed in terms of first choices of community health service,occupation,monthly income and-walking distance (P ＞ 0.05).However,statistically significant differences existed in education level,age and chronic diseases (P ＜ 0.05).

Animals ; Calpain ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; Organophosphate Poisoning

Objective To study the demographics and background of attempted suicide individuals,such as age,gender,mode of suicide,seasonality,etc.so as to improve prevention strategy.Methods By sequential sampling analysis,there were data of 895 survivors from committed suicide taken from 907 attempted suicide individuals recorded in an emergency room of a local hospital between 2002 and 2008 for retrospectively study.Results The sample was composed of 191 males and 704 females with a male to female ratio of 1∶3.69.The adolescents and young adults aged 15-34 years accounted for the vast majority of attempted suicide individuals with the peak at the age of 24 years.The number of committed suicide remarkably reduced after the age of 47 years.The major mode of committed suicide was ingestion of poisons.The incidence of committed suicide declined significantly from 2002 to 2005,and then increased between 2005 and 2008.It was more often occurred in the seasons of Spring and Summer. Conclusions Age,gender,and seasonality are associated with attempted suicide in china,and these risk faetors should be the focuses of suicide prevention in China.Additionally,control of pesticides and psychological intervention should be the parts of the work to prevent suicide in the this cohort of special individuals with propensity of committed suicide.

Objective To investigate hemostatic effect of uterine tamponade in dealing with postpartum hem -orrhage due to uterine inertia during caesarean section .Methods 72 patients treated with conservative treatment due to bleeding uterine contraction weakness during cesarean section were chosen ,who were dealed with sterile gauze close packing of uterine bleeding ( uterine packing group ) .43 patients underwent conservative therapy of uterine contraction weakness resulted in postpartum hemorrhage were selected to carry out B -Lynch suture hemostasis ( B-Lynch suture group).Bleeding volume,operation time,bleeding efficiency of two groups were calculated .Results The uterine packing group had shorter operation time ,less bleeding,immediate hemostasis rate.The B-Lynch suture group had a tad longer operation time , bleeding more , immediate hemostasis rate low , low efficiency .Immediate hemostasis rate (95%VS 82%)between two groups had statistically significant (χ2 =4.02,P<0.05),and no significant difference in the operation time(t=0.73,P>0.05).Conclusion Uterine packing for postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine inertia during caesarean section has simple operation ,rapid,hemostatic effect,postoperative body without foreign body removal.

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive behavior intervention on the defense style of patients with depression. Methods One hundred and forty-six patients with depression in hospitalized were divided into study group and control group according to the set sequence. The study group and the control group were given cognitive behavioral intervention and routine nursing, respectively. All patients were assessed by Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) . Results The differences of conceal type and positive coping factor were significantly before and after intervention in the study group ( < 0.05) . In the 6th week, the differences of conceal type and positive coping factor were significantly between the two groups ( < 0.05) . The differences of HAMD and HAMA scores were significantly between the 0 th and 6 th weeks of the two groups ( <0.05) . There was negatively correlated between HAMD and positive coping factor ( <0.05) . There were positively correlated between HAMD and the cover up defense mode ( <0.05),HAMA and the cover up defense mode ( <0.05) . Conclusion The cognitive behavior intervention could improve the depression and anxiety symptoms and defense style in patients with depression.

Objective:To improve the method for isolating platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methods:Whole blood was collected from 8 healthy donors and then PRP was separated by both the tube method and the syringe method respectively. Samples were activated to get serum rich-in growth factors (SRGF).Platelets in the SRGF were counted and the level of TGF-?1 was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The end product of syringe method has both a higher platelet count in PRP (P=0.003) and a higher level of TGF-?1 in SRGF(P=0.041) than that of tube method.Conclusion:The syringe method is an effective method in preparation of PRP.

Objective To investigate the status of internet addiction among adolescent students of Tianjin and analyze its related factors.Methods Stratification cluster random sampling method was used in this questionnaire survey among nine schools of Tianjin.The data was analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS11.5.Results The results showed that the Family harmony(OR=0.433),good personal education achievement(0.645),and sports participation(0.705) were the protective factors,while the Family member accident(OR=1.735) was the risk factor for IAD in adolescent students.Good Family economic conditions(OR=0.793),Family harmony(0.778),good personal education achievement(0.787),and sports participation(0.750) were the protective factors,while subsidization(OR=1.404) and family member accident(1.244) were the risk factors for IAT in adolescent students.Conclusion Family has close relationship with the formation of adolescents' IAD.Besides,personal education achievement and sports participation also have good influence on the formation of IAD.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between Internet addiction disorder(IAD),Internet addiction tendency(IAT) and behavior type A of young students aged ≥16 years in urban districts,Tianjin.Based on the result,the intervention resolution suggestion was put forward.Methods 4 484students(male2 331,female2 153) anonymously completed the Questionnaire on Situation of Internet Using of Students compiled for this study and the Questionnaire on types of Northern Chinese adult's Behavior.All data was recorded with the evaluating system for adolescent Internet addiction.Result There are 306(6.82%) cases of IAD and 600(13.83%) of IAT among the students.The screened positive rate in boys was 9.87% for IAD and 15.66% for IAT,which significantly higher than those in girls(3.53%,10.92%).The rates in students with behavior type A and type M were the same but significantly higher than that in students with behavior type B.After weighing cases by power on learning stage and sex,the results showed the prevalent rates of IAD and IAT in students with behavior type A and type sub-A were significantly higher than those in students with behavior type M,type sub-B and type B.After weighing cases by power only on learning stage,the positive rates of IAD were higher in students with behavior type A(8.87% in high school students,11.11% in college students) than those in students with type M(7.77%,7.81%) and type B(4.35%,4.44%).Conclusions The results show a significant relationship between IA and behavior type A in students.It should be strengthened to take psychological intervention for young students,especially for students with high risk of IA and IAT in senior high schools.

Objective To know the prevalence and distribution of Internet Addiction Disorder(IAD) among the adolescent students in urban districts in Tianjin.Methods This survey was carried out during November,2006 to April,2007 with Stratified cluster random sampling method.8225 questionnaires were valid among 8694 participants.Xing Yi's IAD diagnosis standard was used on the survey.Internet Addiction Tendency(IAT)by our definition was those students who had 3 or 4 of 10 indicators.The national standard population proportion of school students from junior high school to college in 2000 were used in weighing cases by power.Results 1.The detection rates of IAD between students online 2,3 or 4 hours per day were significantly different of the check out rate of IAD from the students on-line 2,3,or 4 hours per day,except time factor in the indicators;2.The detection rates of IAD between students with different learning stage or education system were also significantly different;the highest rate was among the students at special technical secondary school(11.69%),then followed by technical college and college students(6.74% and 6.73%),and junior high school and senior high school students(5.98% and 5.95%).The detection rates of IAT were increased by learning stage;the lowest rate was 8.65% in junior high school students,followed by 12.11% in high school students,13.96% in technical secondary school students,15.58% in technical college students and 16.73% in college students;3.After weighing case by power on learning stage or education system,the total IAD prevalence was 6.90%,9.50% for boys and 4.17% for girls.Total IAT prevalence was 11.78%,14.43% for boys and 8.96% for girls;4.For students in area with higher economic level,the rates of IAD and IAT were 4.16% and 8.27%,respectively,lower than those in other economic levels;5.Both IAD and IAT prevalent rates were no significant difference between the key high schools and common high schools.Conclusion The students of special technical secondary schools are high risk population for IAD and IAT.Students in area with higher level of economic have lower rates of IAD and IAT.It is suggested that it is needed to carry out health education on Internet using among the adolescent students together with family,school and social good environment.