Objective To investigate the impact of automatic tube voltage selection ( ATVS) and sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction ( SAFIRE) on image quality and radiation dose in the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP) abdominal dual-source CT imaging.Methods Abdomen contrast-enhanced computed tomography ( CECTs ) in 70 patients were scanned with dual-source CT.Patients were divided into study group and control group based on the scanning date.In the first 35 patients ( study group) , ATVS mode was applied; in the second 35 patients ( control group ) , the conventional fixed at 120 kVp mode was used.The imaging of the study group was reconstructed with FBP ( protocol A ) or SAFIRE ( protocol B ) respectively; the imaging of the control group was reconstructed with FBP ( protocol C).Image quality scores of the 3 protocols were assessed and compared with Rank-sum test.Analysis of variance was used to compare mean signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and image noise among the 3 protocols.Two sample t tests were used to compare the radiation dose difference.Results The effective radiation dose in the study group ( 3.9 ±0.4 ) mSv was much lower than that in the control group (4.9 ±0.4) mSv, dropped by 20.41% (t =2.315, P=0.021).The subjective rating scores in protocol A, B, C in arterial were (3.65 ±0.08), (4.41 ±0.10) and (3.79 ±0.10) point, while the subjective rating scores in venous phase were (3.57 ±0.08), (4.41 ±0.10) and (3.95 ±0.11) point.The differences were statistically significant (Z value were 27.587 and 27.436, P<0.01).The image noise of protocol A , B, C in dual-phase were ( 11.96 ±0.33 ) , ( 8.45 ±0.26 ) , ( 10.38 ±0.26 ) HU and (12.79 ±0.39),(9.14 ±0.36), (11.13 ±0.18) HU.The differences were statistically significant (F value were 39.235 and 29.846, P<0.01).Compared to protocol A and C, SNR and CNR in protocol B were much higher (P<0.01).No statistically significant differences were shown between protocol A and C in SNR and CNR ( P>0.05).Conclusion Use of ATVS and SAFIRE could reduce the radiation dose and provide better quality images compared with conventional abdominal CECT and FBP .

We have constructed an immunotoxin(Ng76-TCS),which was composed of a monoclonalantibody directed against human melanoma and trichosanthin(TCS)——a single chain ribosomeinactivating protein.The cultured human melanoma cells(M21)were inhibited effectively byNg 76-TCS.The cytotoxicity of Ng76-TCS to M21 cells was 2,000-fold higher than that of free TCS and Ng76 mixture.A conjugate,which was prepared with normal mice immunoglobulinand TCS(NIgG-TCS),was 160-fold less cytotoxic to M21 cells.Meanwhile Ng76-TCS was125-fold less cytotoxic to nontarget cells Hela.These results showed that the immunotoxinNg76-TCS was a potent and specific anti-human melanoma agent.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of patient’s body mass index on applications of auto-matic tube voltage selection (ATVS)for contrast-enhanced abdominal CT.Methods 1 60 patients underwent contrast-enhanced ab-dominal CT scan were assigned into the study group (ATVS technique)and the control group (120 kVp)with equal size (both n =80)according to the scanning mode.The two groups were both divided into four subgroups according to BMI (A:BMI <18.5 kg/m2 ;B:BMI 18.5~23.9 kg/m2 ;C:BMI 24~28.9 kg/m2 ;D:BMI ≥29 kg/m2 ).Image quality were assessed and compared with Rank-sum test.Analysis of variance was used to compare differences in mean contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)and image noise a-mong the two groups.Two sample t tests were used to compare the radiation dose.Results In the study group,tube voltage of 100 kVp were selected highest(78.75%)and distributed from subgroups A to D,accounting for 60%,80%,90% and 60% respectively, with average BMI of (23.71±3.1 9)kg/m2 .Compared to control group,the effective dose of study group from subgroups A to C re-duced by 35.09%,27.61% and 1 9.08% respectively(t=3.829,4.389,2.238,P =0.005,<0.001,0.025).Despite the higher image noise in study group,the overall image quality was acceptable.Conclusion The contrast-enhanced abdominal CT with AVTS technique can reduce radiation dose in patients with BMI smaller than 28.9 kg/m2 .

Objective - To establish a new non exposed intratracheal instillation method for establishing a rat silicosis model. Methods ， The specific pathogen free SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group with ten rats in ， each group. Rats in the control group were given 1.0 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and rats in the experimental group - were given 1.0 mL of silica suspension with a mass concentration of 50 g/L adopting to the one time intratracheal instillation ， - ， method and then followed by ventilator assisted ventilation immediately. When the tidal volume stabilized at 2.0 mL the ventilator was removed and the tracheal intubation was pulled out. Five rats in each group were sacrificed after two and four ， - Results weeks after modeling and hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining of lung tissue were performed. There was ， ， no death in the two groups of rats during the experiment. After two and four weeks the control group had normal lung structure ， ， ， normal alveolar cavity size no inflammatory cell infiltration thin alveolar wall only a small amount of collagen distribution ， around the lung interstitium and bronchus. At the second week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental ， ， ， group was slightly thickened interstitial lymphocytes and macrophages were infiltrated slight hyperplasia was found and a ， small amount of fibroblasts were visible. At the 4th week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental group was ， ， ， ， significantly thickened fibrous nodules were formed and fibroblasts fibrocytes collagen fibers were significantly increased. Conclusion - The combination of ventilator and non exposed intratracheal instillation method can be used to successfully ， ， . establish a rat silicosis model which is simple safe and effective

Ischemic stroke is a primary cause of death and long-term disability all over the world. This disease is resulted from ischemia and hypoxia in brain tissues because of insufficient blood supply and causes a series of physiochemical metabolism disorders and physiological dysfunction. Its high disability ratio has bright huge burdens to society, governments and families. However, there is not efficacious medicine to treat it. In this study, a right middle cerebral artery occlusion was established in rats to observe the multi-path and multi-aspect intervention effects of Tibetan patent medicine Ruyi Zhenbao pills in reducing injuries to Nissl bodies, cerebral edema and inflammatory reactions and preventing cellular apoptosis, in order to lay a foundation for defining its therapeutic mechanism in acute ischemic stroke.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; NF-kappa B ; physiology ; Patents as Topic ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stroke ; drug therapy

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; chemistry ; Female ; Ovariectomy ; adverse effects ; Ovary ; surgery ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Transforming Growth Factors ; analysis

Objective:To investigate the analgesic time-effect characteristics and changes in concentrations of rabbit's hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NE) caused by buccal acupuncture in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rabbits,and to reveal the analgesic central mechanism of buccal acupuncture,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of pain by buccal acupuncture.Methods:Forty rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a body acupuncture group,and a buccal acupuncture group,with 10 rabbits in each group.No model was established in the normal group,while equal dose of normal saline was injected at the matched site and time point;rabbits in other groups were subjected to the establishment of RA models using egg protein.From the 27th day of the experiment,rabbits in each group received the designated intervention.Rabbits in the normal group and the model group were fixed for 30 min every day using the same method as those in the other groups.In the acupuncture group,Dubi (ST 35) and Zusanli (ST 36) on bilateral hind limbs were selected.Perpendicular needling (using the needles with 0.25 mm in diameter and 25 mm in length) was performed with twirling manipulation for 15 s at intervals of 5 min.The needles were retained for 30 min and acupuncture was performed once a day.In the buccal acupuncture group,the knee point in the buccal acupuncture and needles with a diameter of 0.25 mm and a length of 15 mm were selected.Oblique needling was performed with twirling manipulation for 15 s at intervals of 5 min.The needles were retained for 30 min and acupuncture was performed once a day.The thermal pain thresholds at the 0,5,15,30,60,120 and 240 min after the 1st and 10th acupuncture therapy were measured with a PL-200 thermal-inducing pain meter.After the 10th acupuncture therapy,rabbit's hypothalamus was removed,and the 5-HT and NE concentrations in the hypothalamus at the peak point of the acupuncture pain threshold curve were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results:The analgesic effect was obvious at 5 min after buccal acupuncture started,peaked at 30 min,and decreased to the lowest value at 240 min.Rabbits in the body acupuncture group began to show significant analgesic effect at 15 min,which was peaked at 30 min,and began to decline at 60 min.The pain threshold at 240 min was still higher than that at 0 min.Compared with the model group,the concentrations of hypothalamic 5-HT in the buccal acupuncture group and the body acupuncture group was significantly increased,and the between-group differences were statistically significant (both P＜0.05).The NE/5-HT ratios in hypothalamus in the buccal acupuncture group and the body acupuncture group were significantly lower than the ratio in the model group,and the differences were statistically significant (both P＜0.05);difference in the decrease was statistically significant between the buccal acupuncture group and the body acupuncture group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The analgesic effect of buccal acupuncture shows an obvious time-dependent curve.It is characterized by rapid onset of pain relief,rapid increase and decline in pain threshold.5-HT and NE levels in rabbit's hypothalamus can be affected by buccal acupuncture,with increased 5-HT concentration and reduced NE/5-HT ratio.

AIM:To explore the potentially beneficial clinical effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) combined with photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:Chinese patients with DR were divided into two groups. A joint treatment group received both the TCM ziyinliangxuesanyutang and photocoagulation, while a control group received only photocoagulation laser treatment. Visual acuity tests, visual field retinal sensitivity tests, and fundus fluorescein angiography (to measure neovascular regression) were performed. Vision was compared between the two groups 1 month, 6, and 12 months after treatment.RESULTS:Twelve months after treatment, the recovery of visual acuity (62.3% vs 43.1%, P=0.037) and retinal sensitivity \[17.0±3.7 decibels (dB) vs 14.9±3.7dB, P=0.002\] as well as neovascular regression (67.2% vs 48.3%, P=0.036) in the joint treatment group were all significantly greater than that of the control group.CONCLUSION:Compared with laser treatment alone, the joint application of TCM and photocoagulation is shown to be more effective than DR treatment method.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of the peripheral blood P2X5 receptor at various ambient temperatures, and to explore its relationship with deficiency-cold syndrome and deficiency-heat syndrome.

METHODSSubjects were selected by questionnaire and expert diagnosis, and assigned to the normal control group, the deficiency-cold syndrome group, and the deficiency-heat syndrome group, 20 in each group. 5 mL venous blood was collected at room temperature (25 °C) and cold temperature (-4-5 °C) respectively. Then the expression of P2X5 receptor was relatively quantified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and compared at room temperature and cold temperature respectively.

RESULTSThe expression of P2X5 receptor in deficiency-cold syndrome and deficiency-heat syndrome groups was lower than that in the normal control group at room temperature (P < 0.05). It decreased more at cold temperature in the deficiency-cold syndrome group than in the normal control group (P < 0.01) as well as in the deficiency-heat syndrome group (P < 0.05). The expression of P2X5 receptor showed no difference in all groups at two different temperatures (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of P2X5 receptor was different in different syndrome groups at various ambient temperatures. Ambient temperatures had insignificant effect on the expression of P2X5 receptor of the population with the same syndrome.

ABSTRACT:Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence,insidious onset,long duration and poor prognosis.”Disease prevention” theory has important significance in preventing incidence,blocking development,prevention of recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer.This paper discussed main methods of prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer,which are disease prevention,prevention of disease incidence,preventing disease from exacerbating,and prevention of recurrence.