Child ; Cough ; chemically induced ; Disinfectants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Irritants ; adverse effects ; Male

OBJECTIVETo develop determination of dimethyl ether in workplace air by GC.

METHODSDimethyl ether were sampled with solvent desorption active carbon tube. The sampled carbon tube were desorbed by carbon tetrachloride, Elite-WAX column was used with temperature programmed from 40 to 90 degrees C, and the carrier gas programmed from 1.4 - 2.5 ml/min.

RESULTSThere was a good linearity (r = 0.9999) over the concentration of 0-63.91 microg/L, detection limit can reach 0.75 microg/ml.

CONCLUSIONThis method proved to be accurate and sensitive, to meet the determination of the dimethyl ether in workplace air.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo investigate the genetic polymorphism of OMP25 gene isolated from 116 Brucella strains, including 18 Brucella reference strains and 98 Chinese field strains.

METHODSChromosomal DNA of Brucella strains were analyzed by PCR, and then the product OMP25 gene was digested with Hind III and separated on 10% polypropylene agarose gel electrophoresis. OMP25 genes of different types were sequenced.

RESULTSEight gene types (I-VIII) existing in 116 strains were examined, among them type II and VII were only found in certain wild strains. Sequencing analysis of OMP25 revealed only 10 sites varied in all 8 types. OMP25 of 98 Chinese Brucella strains was highly homologic and characteristic of stable antigen.

CONCLUSIONHigh conservation characteristics helps to epidemiologically detect Brucella in China as well as to found a theoretical basis for vaccine development.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Brucella ; genetics ; Brucellosis ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Bacterial ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Objective To investigate the immunologic classification in the patients with acute leukemia (AL) in Xinjiang of China. Methods A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MOAb) and indirect immunofluorescence assay by fluoromicroscope was used to determine the pretherapy immunophenotype of 450 AL. Results 106 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 334 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and 10 cases belonged to FAB unclassified acute leukemia (UAL) were unalysed. The expression of myeloid antigens in of ALL was seen in 15 % of 106 cases, and lymphoid-associated antigens were expressed in 25 % of 334 AML cases. The most frequently expressed antigen was CD7. The expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene in 295 cases of AL were studied. The expression of MPO gene was observed in positive one of 81 ALL cases, and myeloid cells had different expression for MPO gene. Of the 9 cases of UAL, 6 cases were positive for MPO gene. There were no statistic differences of the expressions of the ALL stages between Han and Wei nationality. The order of myeloid markers expression in AML was as follows: CD_(33)>CD_(13)>CD_(15) inthe Han nationality, and the order of myeloid markers expression in AML was displayed CD(15)>CD(33)>CD_(14) in Wei nationality. Conclusion Analysis of immunophenotype assured accurate lineage diagnosis of AL. Combinatively analyzing the characteristics of AL on morphology, cytochemistry, immunology and MPO mRNA expressions were significant to the diagnosis and therapy of AL.

Background Pupillary light reflex has been widely used in the diagnosis and evaluation of visual system and nervous system diseases.However,in animal experiments,functional evaluation of the visual system and nervous system needs more advanced technology and are affected by many factors.Objective This study was to explore the use of the dynamic pupillometer in evaluating pupillary light reflex and to discuss the influence of brightness of stimulate on relevant curve parameters in C57BL/6 mouse.Methods Ten healthy SPF male C57BL/6 mice were collected in this experiment.White light of five luminance levels (2,8,32,128,256 cd/m2) was used to stimulate the mice following a 2-hour dark adaptation.The stimulation was given at the 60-second intervals,for a duration of 100 ms at every stimulation.An infrared camera and video capture card were used to capture digital images during the measuring process in a scotopic environment,at a speed of 60 frames per second.Measuring outcome was saved in the*.AVI format.A software that was developed by our group was used to determine pupil diameter and output pupillary light reflex curve offline.Pupil initial diameter (R1),constriction amplitude (CA),constriction velocity (CV),latency (T1),time for maximum velocity (T2),time for maximum constriction (T3),time for maximun con-striction to 10.1％ R1 re-dilation (RT)and re-dilation velocity (RV)were assessed,and the correlations between luminosity and measuring parameters were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation.The use of animals followed the Regulations for thd Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results R1 values showed no statistically significant difference among the 5 different luminosity groups(F=1.117,P=0.361).A positive linear correlation was found between stimulating luminosity and CA(r=0.508,P＜ 0.01),but negative correlations were seen between stimulating luminosity and CV or RV (r=-0.625,-0.609,P＜0.01).T1 and T2 values in the 5 different luminosity groups were not statistically significant (F =0.202,P =0.936 ; F =1.584,P =0.195).The different levels of stimulating luminosity showed positive linear correlations with T3 and RT values (r =0.791,0.609,P＜ 0.01).Conclusions The dynamic pupillometer can quantitatively measure the pupillary light reflex of C57BL/6 mice.The pupillary light reflex dynamic curve parameters of mouse were affected by stimulus luminosity levels.These outcomes offer a basis for the application of the dynamic pupillometer system for measuring pupillary light reflex in animal models.

Objective To survey the prevalence of tendency on tendency of personality disorder among college students.Methods By means of stratified cluster sampling,498 students from 6 colleges in Shijiazhuang city and 204 students from 3 colleges in Beijing were studied through 'personality diagnostic questionnaire- revised UPDI'.Results The incidence rates on dependent personality (2.81%),histrionic personality (2.41% ) and borderline personality (2.21% ) were higher than obsessive- compulsive personality (0.40%) and schizoid personality (0.60%).The prevalence of personality disorder tendency was related to sex,major and years in college,blood type as well as their origins(from urban or rural).The overall incidence of personality disorder was 28.31% while the incidence rates of personality deviation and serious personality disorder tendency were 17.07% and 11.24% respectively.The incidence in males was higher than that in females.There appeared differences in dissociative personality,avoidant personality,paranoid personality,obsessive-compulsive personality,histrionic personality and narcissistic personality on people with different blood types.The scores of the city students were higher than that of the students from the rural areas regarding paranoid personality,dependent personality and narcissistic personality.Differences were also noticed between freshmen and students from other levels in the incidence rates on the tendency of avoidant personality disorder.Conclusion There were different incidence rates on the tendency of personality disorder among college students that related to sex,level in college and the origins where they were from(urban or rural).

Objective To summarize the adverse reactions of blepharospasm (BSP) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) after botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection and offer corresponding responses.Methods Clinical data of 163 BSP patients and 221 HFS patients,admitted to and subjected to BoNT-A injection in our hospital from September 2017 to October 2019,were analyzed retrospectively.Albert and Cohen evaluation scale was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy after injection.All adverse reactions were recorded and corresponding responses were proposed.Results The effective rates of BoNT-A injection for BSP and HFS were 97.5％ and 100％,respectively.The most common early-onset adverse reactions were local pain (BSP:13.5％;HFS:17.2％) and hematoma (BSP:3.7％;HFS:4.5％);the late-onset adverse reactions included dry eyes/epiphora (BSP:9.8％;HFS:11.3％),incomplete closure of eyelid (BSP:20.2％;HFS:20.4％),facial stiffness (HFS:39.4％) and asymmetry (HFS:11.8％),and eyelid edema could be noted in a few patients (BSP:1.2％;HFS:1.4％).The main measures on reducing or avoiding adverse reactions after injection included appropriate injection apparatus,accurate injection sites,exact drug doses,and consideration of the individual differences of patients.Conclusion BoNT-A is effective in the treatment of BSP and HFS,but it is necessary to avoid early-onset and late-onset adverse reactions to maximize the benefits of patients.

OBJECTIVETo present a method of quantitative diagnosis of craniofacial skeleton deformities based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT).

METHODS20 cases with facial asymmetric deformities underwent 3D CT and the 3D images were reconstructed by Mimics 10.0 (Belgium). Anatomical landmarks were located and the coordinate of the landmarks obtained. Axial images of 1 patient with Romberg disease was used as representative case. The differences in the distance between the right landmarks and the left were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTSThe measurement results were not significantly different between two stages with an interval of 4 weeks ( P > 0.05), showing a reproducible resutls. The deviation of landmarks at facial midline increased gradually from upward to downward, reaching (2.63 +/- 0.54) mm at menton point. Paired landmarks showed asymmetry in three dimensions, especially gonion point on the left side, which was deviated 10.21 mm inward, 9.26 mm forward, 6.30 mm upward, compared to the opposite side.

CONCLUSIONSThe method of 3D CT quantitative analysis can provide precise information in the diagnosis and treatment planning of facial asymmetry deformity.

Anatomic Landmarks ; diagnostic imaging ; Cephalometry ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Facial Asymmetry ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics parameters of SPIO-shRNA dual functional molecular probe and observed the main organ distribution by MRI in vivo. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe, respectively. The blood samples were collected to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters by measuring the iron content at 30 minutes before and after the injection. Twenty-four Kun Ming (KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group was injected intravenously with physiological saline 200 µL per mouse via the tail vein, the other 3 groups were injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe. MRI observation was performed in 24 hours, and the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and muscle were collected for iron quantification with Prussian blue staining to determine distribution of the SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in the main organ in vivo. Our results suggest that the molecular probe blood half-life is more than 3 hours. The data of MRI suggest the probe was distributed in liver and spleen, and the MRI signal was reduced with the increase in probe's doses (P < 0.05). The results of Prussian blue staining confirmed the results of MRI. Most of the probe could escape the phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocyte system. Our data provide the pharmacokinetic and distribution of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in organs. Meanwhile, it suggests the choice of the time and dose of probe for MR imaging of tumor in vivo.
Animals ; Half-Life ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Mice ; Molecular Probes ; pharmacokinetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; chemistry ; Rabbits

BACKGROUND:The intestine is not only the main target attacked by sepsis but also the vital organ which mediated sepsis. The recovery of the damaged intestinal barrier structure and function is related to the occurrence and outcome of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). How to protect and reduce the damage of the intestinal mucosa and how to promote the reconstruction of the intestinal mucosa have been the important topics in sepsis for many years. This study aimed to investigate the influential factors of intestinal mucosal reconstruction after intestinal epithelial injuryin vivo in a mouse model of sepsis.METHODS:Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for induction of sepsis to assess intestinal mucosal damage, epithelial cell apoptosis, and transformed number of goblet cells, and to detect the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1 and TGF-β1 and TFF3 (trefoil factor 3) expression in the small intestinal mucosa. All above were performed by HE staining, western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemistry respectively. The experimental animals were divided into a sepsis group and a sham-operation group. The animals with sepsis were separately killed at 6 (7 animals), 24 (7 animals) and 48 hours (7 animals) after CLP.RESULTS:Injured intestinal mucosa was observed in the 3 groups under a light microscope, in which damage scores in the 24-hour and 48-hour groups were higher than in the 6-hour group and no difference was found between the two groups. Moreover, less of goblet cells or other epithelial cells adjacent to the injured surface migrated into the wound to cover the denuded area. The number of goblet cells was substantially decreased in the three CLP groups compared with the sham-operation group. Protein levels of IL-1 and TNF-α were significantly increased by 3-4 fold at all time points when compared with the sham-operation group, and cleaved caspase-3 by 4 fold. Although TFF3 expression was modestly increased for 6 hours after the onset of CLP, it appeared to decline at 24 hours and 48 hours as shown by Western blot. A similar tendency was observed upon TGF-β1, i.e. the protein level was not elevated at 24 hours and 48 hours, but increased modestly at 6 hours.CONCLUSIONS:Sepsis from CLP shows less restitution on the surface of injured intestinal mucosa. There is evidence that both constant inflammatory reaction and epithelial cell apoptosis may affect mucosal reestablishment of the intestine at the onset of sepsis. Mucosa after severe sepsis showed the state of high inflammation, and declined goblet cell function and mucosal reconstruction, which affected the repair of damaged intestinal barrier. Constant inflammatory reaction, and declined goblet cell function and mucosal reconstruction ability may affect the reestablishment of intestinal mucosa at the onset of sepsis.