Child ; Cough ; chemically induced ; Disinfectants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Irritants ; adverse effects ; Male

Objective To evaluate and verify the preventive and therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) plus pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in treating mild-moderate female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Method By adopting a single-blind randomized controlled design, eighty-two SUI patients were randomized into an observation group of 40 cases and a control group of 42 cases. The observation group was intervened by EA plus PFMT, while the control group only received PFMT. Before the treatment and after 4-week treatment, the 1 h urine leakage amount, Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) and improvement rate were evaluated in the two groups, to analyze the effects of the two methods in improving mild-moderate SUI. Result For mild SUI patients, the 1 h urine leakage amount and ICI-Q-SF score dropped significantly after the treatment in the observation group (P<0.05), and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). For moderate SUI patients, the 1 h urine leakage amount and ICI-QSF score dropped significantly in both groups after the intervention (P<0.05), the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), and the improvement rate in the observation group was markedly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion EA plus PFMT caneffectively improve the urine leakage and urination in mild-moderate SUI patients. EA plus PFMT can effectively prevent the aggravation of moderate female SUI, and its effect is better than PFMT alone.

At present, most clinical thrombolytic drugs are plasminogen activators, which are highly dependent on the plasminogen level of the patient. Therefore, the efficacy of those drugs is restricted. Unlike the conventional thrombolytic plasminogen activator drugs, fibrinolytic drugs have direct fibrinolytic activity. Thus, fibrinolytic drugs can directly dissolve the thrombus, and its thromlysis efficacy is not restricted by the patients' plasminogen. This is a new type of thrombolytic drug with higher thrombolytic efficiency and safety, and has become one of the research hotspots at present. Although more and more agents that can be used as fibrinolytic drugs have been discovered, only a few of them can successfully be applied in clinical practice. The mainly underlying reason is the risk of bleeding. In this paper, based on the latest research progress of fibrinolytic drugs, the bleeding mechanisms and coping strategies of fibrinolytic drugs were systematically reviewed, five types of bleeding mechanisms of fibrinolytic drugs were summarized, and three types of coping strategies were proposed. We hope our work can provide theoretical basis for the development of safer and more efficient fibrinolytic drugs.

Evaluation of the permeability mainly focuses on intestinal absorption in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). It is more complicated that the absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment in biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) compared with single component environment, which needs suitable mathematical models to be described. Therefore, with full consideration of existing single component mathematical algorithm combining with the characteristics of intestinal absorption and metabolism, we explored and designed a new mathematical algorithm of intestinal absorption and metabolism of multicomponent drug. Then we put forward a new coefficient, P (influence), the relative change rate of the single component's intestinal absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment compared with single component environment, which described the influences of intestinal absorption and metabolism of the component under multicomponent environment. Moreover, P (influence) highlights the distinctive characteristics of multicomponent drug's intestinal absorption and metabolism, and lays the foundation for the construction of CMMBCS.
Algorithms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Theoretical ; Solubility

Human tissue kallikrein-binding protein (Kallistatin, KAL), a secretory protein that participates in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways by binding to the extracellular receptor, however, at present has not been reported about the intracellular activity, and whether it has the similar biological activity with extracellular activity. Here we constructed no signal peptide KAL (NSK) into the adeno-associated virus vector to explore the intracellular activity of KAL. Both the endothelial cell and lung cancer cells could express KAL, but not secreted after rAAV2-NSK transfection. The proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were inhibited, but the apoptosis rate was not affected. The proliferation rates, mobility and tubule formation of all the three tested lung cancer cells, such as NCI-H446, NCI-H460 and A549, were inhibited to different extents. This cellular study not only confirmed the intracellular activity, but also suggested it may serve as a kind of "balance factor" in multi-targeted controlling, which may provide a new train of thoughts to explain the regulatory contradiction in PI3K-Akt signaling pathways by KAL.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Dependovirus ; Genetic Vectors ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Serpins ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection

With the active encouragement of the Chinese government, all domestic clinical research institutes pay more attention to the human research protect program (HRPP) during the process of clinical trials, and actively follow the regulations of medical ethical practice. We could make fully preparation for the accreditation by the correlated international organizations only by further analyzing the Association for Accreditation of Human Research Protection Program (AAHRPP) from a whole and in each accreditation field at different levels, thus having a clear understanding the difference in acknowledging the difference between China's hospitals and America's hospitals.
Accreditation ; China ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Public Policy ; United States

Objective:This study aimed to analyze and summarize the clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment protocols of large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC). Methods:Clinicopathologic data of 83 cases with LCLC confirmed by pathology in 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Results:Exactly 83 cases of LCLC accounted for 5.4%of lung cancer in 2012. Sixty-three cases were male and twenty were female. The average age was 60.4 years old. The average maximum diameter of the tumor was 4.6 cm. The common manifestations in imageology were peripheral type. Only four cases were correctly diagnosed by sputum exfoliocytology, biopsy of bronchofibroscope, and paracentesis before surgery. Sixty-three cases (76%) underwent surgical resection, and pulmonary lobectomy was mainly selected. Postoperative pathology diagnosis indicated that 39 cases were classic large cell carcinoma, 31 were large cell neu-roendocrine carcinoma, 2 were combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, 8 were basaloid carcinoma, 2 were clear cell carcinoma, and 1 was lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Each subtype of LCLC had respective characteristics of pathomorphology and immuno-histochemistry. Lymph node metastasis occurred in 62 cases (75%). Conclusion:The incidence rate of LCLC, which is a highly aggres-sive malignancy, is low. The clinical manifestation and imageology characteristics of LCLC do not have specificity, and its final diagno-sis depends on pathology diagnosis. Operation is the main treatment method. Improving the diagnosis rate of LCLC and further subdi-viding the pathological subtypes are important for a normalized comprehensive treatment of LCLC.

The microarrays have revolutionised biomedical experimentation and diagnostics, enabling ordered high throughput analysis. During the past decade, classic solid phase substrates, such as microlitre plates, membrane filters and microscopic slides, were turn into high-density, chip-like structure. The concept of the arrayed library was central to this development which now extends from DNA to protein. The availability of such protein microarrays would facilitate the simultaneous analysis of thousands of interactions within a single experiment. They can be utilized for massively parallel testing of protein function or recognized their target polypeptide in complex biological solution. This article will focus on the current strategies used to generate protein microarray and their applications in biological research, medicine and diagnostics.
Biomedical Research ; Proteins ; analysis

Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; Humans ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy of microarray digital PCR system in detecting JAK2 V617F mutation, which was closely related to myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).Methods All of the 31 MPN patients with JAK2 V617F mutation, including 18 cases of polycythemia vera(PVs),11 primary thrombocythemias (ETs) and 2 primary myelofibrosis (PMFs), were collected from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University during 2014 -2015, while 10 normal controls and 6 cases with abnormal increased hemoglobin were involved.Human erythroleukemia cell line ( HEL ) and colorectal cancer cell SW480 were used as the mutant and the wild type control, respectively.The sensitivity of microarray digital PCR were verified by detecting the gradient diluted mutation standard harboring 30%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%and 0.01%mutant allele burden, respectively .Repeatability was evaluated by detecting 1%and 10% mutated samples for 5 times, respectively.MGB probe real time PCR was selected as the reference method to verify the accuracy of the digital PCR.Results With digital PCR, the accurate quantitation of JAK2 V617F mutation was achieved down to 0.1%, which is approximate to 0.16 copies per microliter.The results obtained from the two kinds of technique showed a high correlation by linear regression analysis (R2 =0.998 3).The results of repeated samples showed CVs as 17.18% for 1%mutant allele burden and 7.50%for 10%.Among all cases, the 31 patients known mutated were detected as positive and 10 controls as negative by both digital PCR and Real time PCR.In another 6 cases, 2 were found JAK2 V617F mutation of low allele burdens of 0.37% and 0.18% by digital PCR but detected as negative by real time PCR.Conclusions Microarray digital PCR offers a higher sensitivity and better repeatability than real time PCR which could help detect rare JAK2 V617F mutations in MPNs accurately.