Objective To explore the role of fibrogenic cytokines and inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of frozen shoulder. Methods From September, 2014 to April, 2016, 20 patients with frozen shoulder accepted arthroscopic surgery were included, ten of them were diagnosed as primary frozen shoulder (group A), the other ten were secondary frozen shoulder (group B). Other ten patients undergo-ing shoulder arthroscopy for instability (4 cases), rotator cuff injury (3 cases) and subacromial impingement (3 cases) were as the controls (group C). The mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, MMP3, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and M-CSF in synovium were analyzed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The expression of mRNA of MMP1, MMP3, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF and M-CSF were more in group A and group B than in group C (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between group A and group B (P>0.05). Conclusion The fibro-genic cytokines and inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of frozen shoulder.

Objective: To examine the effect of dietary behaviors on handgrip strength loss among the elderly, so as to provide insights into the prevention of handgrip strength loss. Methods : Based on the health surveillance cohort among the elderly in Zhejiang Province, two villages or communities were randomly sampled from each of Shaoxing and Zhoushan cities using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and all residents that had lived in local areas for one year and longer and had an age of 60 years and older were enrolled. Participants' demographics, dietary behaviors, smoking, drinking, and exercise were collected through questionnaire surveys, and the height, body weight and handgrip strength were measured. The handgrip strength loss was diagnosed according the 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment proposed by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, and the effect of dietary behaviors on handgrip strength loss was examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 265 residents were enrolled, with a mean age of (70.67±7.30) years, and including 565 men (44.66%) and 700 women (55.34%). The overall prevalence of handgrip strength loss was 42.85% among the participants, and the prevalence was 40.35% in men and 44.86% in women, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that nut intake for 1 to 3 times a week (OR=0.180, 95%CI: 0.088-0.367) and for 4 to 6 times a week (OR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.113-0.514) led to a reduced risk of handgrip strength loss among the elderly, and intake of sugary drinks for 4 to 6 times a week led to an increased risk of handgrip strength loss among the elderly (OR=2.298, 95%CI: 1.120-4.714) after adjustment for age, body mass index, educational level and exercise. Conclusion Intake of nuts and sugary drinks may affect the development of handgrip strength loss among the elderly.

Objective To compare the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and free radical scavengers (FRS) on formation of traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO) in rabbits. Methods 48 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n=12), NSAIDs group (n=12), FRS group (n=12) and combination group (n=12). The model of traumatic HO was established, and the NSAIDs group, FRS group and combination group were administered indometacin intragastrically, edaravone intravenously and both, respectively, while the control group was administered normal saline for 4 weeks. The incidence and severity of HO were observed with X-ray 8 and 12 weeks after modeling. Results 8 and 12 weeks after operation, the incidence of HO was 33.3% and 41.7% in the NSAIDs group, 43.0% and 45.8% in the FRS group, 29.2% and 37.5% in the combination group, and 70.8% and 75.0% in the control group, respectively. The incidence and severity of HO in all the treatment groups were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among the treatment groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The systemic application of FRS may prevent the formation of HO effectively, similar with the NSAIDs. There is no synergistic effect between them.

Objective:To establish a rat model of diabetic microangiopathopathy and simulate the biochemical and pathological changes of diabetic retinal and renal microangiopathopathy.Methods:Forty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group and model group (10 and 30 rats, respectively). After the rats in blank group and model group were fed ordinary diet and high-fat and high-sugar diet for 5 weeks, respectively, the rats in model group were injected with 1% streptozotocin (STZ) through the abdominal cavity at the dose of 35 mg/kg to establish a type 2 diabetes model. After modeling, the rats were continuously fed until the 10th week (4 weeks after modeling), the general conditions of the rats were observed, and samples were collected for follow-up experiments. Serum creatinine (CREA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), microalbuminuria, urinary creatinine (UCr) and urine sugar were detected. Calculate the kidney index and microalbumin/urinary creatinine ratio (UACR). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to observe the vascular changes and non-perfusion area of retinal superficial capillary plexus. The morphological and structural changes of kidney and retina were observed by hematoxylin-eosin and periodate Scheff staining. The expression of nerve fibers and nucleus of Müller cells in rat retina was observed by immunofluorescence staining. Ultrastructural results of retina were observed by transmission electron microscope. Independent sample t test was used for comparison between groups. Results:Four weeks after modeling, compared with blank group, the body weight of rats in model group was significantly decreased, and random glucose was significantly increased, with statistical significance ( t=5.755, -51.291; P<0.05). Renal index, urinary glucose and UACR were significantly increased, while UCr was significantly decreased, with statistical significance ( t=10.878, 137.273, 3.482,-6.110; P<0.05). CREA decreased, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-28.012, 33.018, 118.018, 13.585, 16.480; P<0.05). OCTA examination showed that there was no perfusion area of shallow retinal capillaries. The optical microscope showed that the inner boundary membrane of retina in model group was swollen and thickened, the surface was uneven, the inner and outer nuclear layer cells were disordered and the density decreased. Glomerular congestion was accompanied by cortical tubular epithelial swelling, widening of the mesangial area, and thickening of the basement membrane. The results of immunostaining showed that the inner and outer plexiform layers of the retina showed lamellar strong green fluorescence expression, and the inner and outer nuclear layers showed scattered dot green fluorescence expression. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the basal membrane of retinal microvessels in model group was slightly thickened, vascular endothelial cells edema, endothelial nucleus and perinucleus contraction, nuclear membrane contraction, mild mitochondrial swelling, vacuolation. Conclusion:High-glucose and high-fat feeding plus a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ 35 mg/kg can successfully establish a microangiopathic model of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of cone beam CT (CBCT) in the treatment of jaw bone cyst.

METHODSTwenty-five patients with jaw bone cyst were included, which were examined by CBCT as an addition of panoramic radiography. Through CBCT, the information about the three-dimensional location, the bone wall of cyst and the relationship between cyst, teeth and some other important anatomical structures were studied, surgical preparations and treatments followed accordingly.

RESULTSThe CBCT images clearly demonstrated detailed information about the cyst, which was verified in the operation and helpful to the surgical preparation and treatment.

CONCLUSIONCBCT is more advantageous in the diagnosis and treatment of the jaw bone cyst than traditional panoramic radiography and periapical film.

Bone Cysts ; Bone and Bones ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Cysts ; Humans ; Mandibular Diseases ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth

OBJECTIVEConcentration of extracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](o)) in the central nervous system decreases substantially in different conditions. It results in facilitating neuronal excitability. The goal of this study is to examine the mechanisms of enhanced neuronal excitation in low [Ca(2+)](o) in order to provide new clues to treat the hyperexcitability diseases in clinic.

METHODSWhole-cell patch-clamp technique and neuron culture were used in the study.

RESULTSThe firing threshold of cultured hippocampal neurons decreased markedly in low [Ca(2+)](o) saline. Unexpectedly, apamine and isoprenaline, antagonists of medium afterhyperpolarization (mAHP) and slow AHP (sAHP) respectively, had no statistic significant effect on excitability of neurons. TTX at a low concentration was sufficient to inhibit I(NaP), which blocked the increase of firing frequency in low [Ca(2+)](o). It also reduced the number of spikes in normal [Ca(2+)](o).

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that in cultured hippocampal neurons, modulation of spiking threshold but not AHP may cause the increased excitability in low [Ca(2+)](o).

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Apamin ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electric Stimulation ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Sodium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Tetrodotoxin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVES: DNA polymerase (pol) of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) includes 3 different domains such as terminal protein (TP), reverse transcriptase (RT) and RNase H. Humoral immune responses to each of these proteins have not been well documented previously, although antibody to pol was detected in serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B. We have constructed TP (amino acids 1-182), RT (amino acids 346-685) and RNase H (amino acids 690-832). METHODS: By ELISA using each protein expressed in E. coli as antigens, the corresponding antibodies were tested in serum from 40 patients with type B viral chronic liver diseases. (20 HBeAg-positive and 20 HBeAg-negative). As negative controls, sera from 3 healthy young men were used. With the mean values of the OD, which were tested 4 times per each test sample and 3 times per each control sample, we considered to be positive if the mean OD of each test sample is 2-fold or higher than that of controls. RESULTS: Five of 40 sera (12.5%) contained one or two different antibodies detectable by this method: 4 of 20 HbeAg-positive sera (20%) and 1 of 20 HbeAg-negative sera (5%). Anti-TP, anti-RT and anti-RNase H antibodies were detected in 2.5% (1/40), 10% (4/40) and 7.5% (3/40), respectively. Among 4/20 HbeAg-positive ELISA-positive sera, anti-TP, anti-RT and anti-RNase H were positive in 5% (1/20), 20% (4/20) and 10% (2/20), respectively, while 1 HBeAg-negative ELISA-positive sera were positive only for anti-RNase H. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the corresponding antibody responses to individual recombinant peptides derived from 3 domains of DNA polymerase may tend to be detected more frequently in HBeAg-positive sera than in HBeAg-negative sera from various patients with type B viral chronic liver diseases.
Adult ; Antibodies, Antinuclear/analysis* ; Biological Markers/analysis ; DNA Polymerase II/immunology* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* ; Hepatitis B Virus/immunology* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/immunology* ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Odds Ratio ; Reference Values ; Substances: DNA Polymerase II ; Substances: Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Substances: Biological Markers ; Substances: Antibodies, Antinuclear

Hemangioma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Parotid Gland ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single ilioinguinal approach in the surgical treatment of both-column acetabular fractures in which the anterior column was fixated by a reconstruction plate and the posterior column fixated by lag screws.Methods Between May 2013 and August 2016,a total of 23 patients with acetabular both-column fracture were treated through a single lioinguinal approach for fixation of both acetabular columns at Department of Orthopaedics,Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College,Southeast University.They were 11 males and 12 females,aged from 20 to 71 years (mean,47.6 years).Operation time,amount of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative fracture reduction,union time and relevant postoperative complications were recorded.At the final follow-up,the function of affected hip was evaluated by Merie d'Aubigne-Postel scoring system.Results All the patients underwent the operation successfully.The operation time ranged from 120 to 210 minutes (mean,165.4 minutes).The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 320 to 1,120 mL (mean,554.8 mL).The 23 patients were followed up for 12 to 40 months (mean,28.1 months).All the fractures united well after 2 to 5 months (mean,3.7 months).According to the Matta's criteria,anatomic reduction was achieved in 17 cases,satisfactory reduction in 5 and unsatisfactory reduction in one,giving a satisfactory reduction rate of 95.7％;by the modified Merle d'Aubigne and Postel functional scores for the affected hip,13 cases were excellent,6 good,3 fair and one poor,giving an excellent and good rate of 82.6％.The complication rate during follow-up was 8.7％ (2/23).One case suffered from palsy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve but the symptom was relieved one month postoperatively without any treatment.One patient developed deep venous thrombosis at a lower extremity which responded to anticoagulant therapy.Conclusion Surgical treatment of acetabular double column fractures through a single ilioinguinal approach for fixation of the anterior column with a reconstruction plate and fixation of the posterior column with lag screws can achieve excellent control of reduction and fixation,which is less traumatic but leads to satisfactory clinical effects.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the management of complicated, severe or recurrent Budd-Chiari syndrome.

METHODSFrom February 2004 to August 2007, 28 patients with complicated, severe or recurrent Budd-Chiari syndrome were treated. In this series, 16 patients relapsed after treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or stent deployment, 2 cases relapsed after surgery; and the other 10 were under severe conditions and hard to treat, including malignancy of the inferior vena cava and right atrium. Meso-cavo-atrial shunt was carried out in 10 cases, meso-cavo-jugular shunt in 6 (capitis medusa was used in one case), cavoatrial shunt in 2 and cavo-jugular shunt in 1, mesocaval shunt in 2, and radical or extended radical correction in 7.

RESULTSOne patient (3.6%) died in 24 hours after operation. Graft infection occurred in 1 case. Excellent, good, fair, poor and death rate were 22.2%, 55.5%, 14.8%, 3.7% and 3.7%, respectively, the overall effective rate was 92.5%.

CONCLUSIONTo select personalized treatment according to the disease status brings hopes to difficult, severe, recurrent Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Budd-Chiari Syndrome ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome