Recent evidence has shown that neurogenesis occurs throughout adulthood, and neural stem cells reside in the adult central nervous system (CNS) in mammals. Experimental stroke in adult mammals increases neurogenesis from neural stem cells or progenitor cells located in the dentate subgranular zone and the subventricular zone lining the lateral ventricle. New neurons can migrate to the areas of damage regions and express morphological markers characteristic of died neurons. These findings bring hope for self-repair after brain injury. The author of this paper reviewed the adult neurogenesis and its regulation in vivo, and described evidence for stroke-induced neurogenesis and neuronal replacement in the adult, and discussed the future research directions about neurogenesis after stroke and other brain injuries.

The occurrence rate of DTC in children and adolescents is not high.However,DTC in these patients has some distinct characteristics different from those in adult,such as larger tumor volume at diagnosis,early invasion of neck lymph nodes and early distant metastases,high NIS expression,high recurrence but higher overall survival rate.131 I ablation is still one of the important treatment methods after surgery.Currently,there are 3 major dosage regimens adopted for 131I treatment: prescribed dose without causing bone marrow suppression/toxicity,dose aiming at tumor ablation,and empirically fixed dose.

Objective To investigate the causes,diagnostic methods,prevention and cure of postmenopausal bleeding(PMB).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 210 PMB patients admitted in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results The causes for PMB were benign diseases(69.5%),the most of which were infec- tious diseases(49.5%),non-organic disease(20.5%)and malignant tumor(10.0%).Compared with benign diseases and non-organic diseases,the attack age of malignant tumor was higher[(67.1?6.9)years old],menopausal dura- tion was longer(11.6?2.9)years,bleeding duration was longer[(157.6?26.4)days],and mucous membrane was obviously thickened[(14.6?3.2)mm](P0.05).Conclusion The main cause for PMB is benign diseases,followed by non-organic diseases.More attentions should be paid to the PMB patients with higher attack age,longer menopausal duration and bleeding dura- tion,and obviously thickened mucous membrane,so as to be precautions to the occurrence of malignant tumor.

Objective To observe the preventive effect of different doses of diacerein on acute gout model rats and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods A total of 30 Wistar rats and were randomly assigned to the normal control group, the negative control (normal saline control group, and positive (colchicine) control group, diacerein low dose group, medium iddle dose group and high dose group.Except the normal control group that were given normal saline, other groups received colchicine (0.3 mg·kg-1 ·d-1), diacerein (10 mg·kg-1·d-1, 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 and 100 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 8 days respectively, and prepared acute gouty arthritis model on the 6th day, then observed rats joint swelling and gait at 2 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h and 48 h after the acute gouty arthritis model were established.After 48 h, the rats were killed, the serum and joint leachate of the rats were collected to test interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), LSD t test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results Compared with the normal group, joint swelling of the rats in the negative control group became significantly swollen at 2 h after the model was established,at and it reached the peak at 8 h reached the peak, then decreased gradually and remitted obviously at 48 h obviously remission.Joint swelling of the ccolchicine group and diacerein high dose group joint swelling [(0.106±0.081) cm, (0.112±0.030) cm] and ankle joint inflammation index score [(2.8±1.7), (3.16±0.75)] were significantly decreased compared with the negative control group [(0.208±0.078) cm, (4.7±1.6);P＜0.05].In addition, compared with the negative control group, the gait of diacerein high dose group was significantly improved (F=7.552, F=1.859, P＜0.05), colchieine group and diacerein high dose group, the serum and joint leaching liquid TNF-α and IL-1 levels also decreased significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion Diacerein in any In each dosage group of has a certain preventive and therapeutic effect on rats gouty arthritis rats, especially in high dose group, the anti-inflammatory mechanism may be down-regulating the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1 beta and TNF-α.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture on the expression of gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) in myocardial cells in a rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia.MethodA rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia was made by injecting barium chloride into the marginal ear vein. Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into control, model, acupuncture and medication groups. The acupuncture group received heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture[at Lingtai(GV10), Shendao(GV11), bilateral Neiguan(PC6)and Baihui(GV20)]and the medication group, oral gavage of propafenone. Rabbit left ventricle was taken after the completion of the experiment. Cx43 expressions were compared and analyzed usingan immunohistochemical staining technique and a computer image processing system.ResultCx43 expression decreased significantly in the model group compared with the control group (P<0.01) and increased in the acupuncture and medication groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in Cx43 expression between the acupuncture and medication groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Adjusting Cx43 expression in myocardial cells may be one of the target points for this acupuncture treatment of arrhythmia.

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of IL‐6 induced Gefitinib resistance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .Methods The sensitivity of cells to Gefitinib ,the invasion ability of cells and the expression of phosphorylated p‐mTOR was assessed by MTT assay ,Transwell assay and Western blot ,respectively .PC‐9psb388 stable over expressing human recombi‐nant IL‐6(hrIL‐6) cell line was established by transfecting PC‐9 cells with a lentivirus psb388 expressing IL‐6 and stable transfecta‐nts over‐expressing IL‐6 in human lung cancer cell line PC‐9 .The sensitivity of cells to Gefitinib ,the invasion ability ,expression of p‐mTOR were then detected .PC‐9/PC‐9psb388 xenografts were established and the expression of p‐mTOR and IL‐6 in tumor sec‐tions were then detected .Results The sensitivity of PC‐9 cells to Gefitinib was reduced by IL‐6 ,the invasion ability of PC‐9 cells and the expression of p‐mTOR was significantly increased with IL‐6 treatment .The sensitivity of PC‐9 cells to Gefitinib was promi‐nent higher in PC‐9psb388 cells ,while the invasion ability of PC‐9psb388 cells and the expression of p‐mTOR was higher than PC‐9 cells .The sensitivity to Gefitinib was improved and expression of p‐mTOR reduced in rapamycin‐treated PC‐9psb388 cells and IL‐6 stimulated PC‐9 cells .Tumor volume of PC‐9psb388 xenografts was significantly higher than that of PC‐9 cells .The expression of p‐mTOR and IL‐6 in tumor sections of PC‐9psb388 group were higher than that of PC‐9 group .Conclusion IL‐6 could elevate the expression of p‐mTOR to induce Gefitinib resistance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .

The aim of this study is to analyze the concordance between EDV, ESV and LVEF values derived from 18F-FDG PET, GSPECT and ECHO in patients with myocardial infarction. Sixty-four patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent at least two of the above mentioned studies within 2 weeks. LVEF, EDV and ESV values were analyzed with dedicated software. Statistical evaluation of correlation and agreement was carried out EDV was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET compared with GSPECT [(137.98 ± 61.71) mL and (125.35 ± 59.34) mL]; ESV was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET (85.89 ± 55.21) mL and GSPECT (82.39 ± 55.56) mL compared with ECHO (68.22 ± 41.37) mL; EF was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET (41.96% ± 15.08%) and ECHO (52.18% ± 13.87%) compared with GSPECT (39.75% ± 15.64%), and EF was also overestimated by 18F-FDG PET compared with GSPECT. The results of linear regression analysis showed good correlation between EDV, ESV and LVEF values derived from 18F-FDG PET, GSPECT and ECHO (r = 0.643-0.873, P = 0.000). Bland-Altman analysis indicated that 18F-FDG PET correlated well with ECHO in the Left ventricular function parameters. While GSPECT correlated well with 18F-FDG PET in ESV, GSPECT had good correlation with Echo in respect of EDV and EF; whereas GSPECT had poor correlation with PET/ECHO in the remaining left ventricular function parameters. Therefore, the clinical physicians should decide whether they would use the method according to the patients' situation and diagnostic requirements.
Coronary Artery Disease ; Echocardiography ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Regression Analysis ; Stroke Volume ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Ventricular Function, Left

Objective To study the genetic variation of two mitochondrial DNA molecules (CO1 and Cytb gene) of Oncomelania hupensis isolated from different areas. Methods Snails were collected from Jingxi of Guangxi,Yueyang of Hunan and Eryuan of Yunnan. Genomic DNA was extracted from the snails,Co1 and Cytb gene fragments were amplified by PCR,then purified and sequenced. Sequences of each isolates were edited by using Clustal W(1.82) software,and the nucleotide composition,transition and transversion were accounted by using MEGA(3.1) software. The genetic distances were computed with Kimura method and phylogenetic trees were constructed with UPGMA and MP method respectively. Results CO1 and Cytb gene fragments were about 700 bp and 600 bp(including 2 primers) respectively. A total of 106 mutation spots (15.9%) were tested in CO1 homological nucleotides,and 165 mutation spots (28.5%) were tested in Cytb homological nucleotides. The distance matrix between Guangxi isolate and Hunan isolate was 0.051 and 0.031 for CO1 gene and Cytb gene respectively;while that between Guangxi and Yunnan isolates was 0.158 and 0.405 respectively. Phylogenetic trees constructed by UPGMA and MP took on the similar topo-structure:isolates of Guangxi and Hunan clustered into one group,while the Yunnan isolate exhibited as another group. Conclusion Oncomelania hupensis in Guangxi,Hunan and Yunnan are of relatively rich polymorphism in CO1 and Cytb genes in general.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Cytokines ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

Objective To study the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 ) and Notch signaling pathway downstream gene HES 1 in the hippocampus of pubertal rats with status epilepsy (SE), and to explore the regulation site of HIF-1αin Notch signaling pathway. Methods One hundred and seventy-six 21-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into control group (NS group), pentetrazole (PTZ)-induced SE group (PTZ group), and Notch signaling pathway speciifc inhibitor (DAPT) intervention group (DAPT group). In PTZ group PTZ was intraperitoneally injected to build SE model and in NS group normal saline was injected as control. The intraperitoneal injection of diazepam was used to terminate SE seizures. After successful modeling, the bilateral hippocampuses were isolated after the rats were sacriifced at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h, respectively, and RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of HES 1 and HIF-1α. The Western Blot was performed to detect protein expression in hippocampuses which were collected at 2 , 4 , 8 , 12 , and 24 h after successful modeling. DAPT group received intraperitoneal injection of DAPT 30 min before the start of molding, then the hippocampuses were isolated at 2 and 8 h after successful modeling. RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of HES 1 and HIF-1αat 2 h, and Western blot was performed to detect protein expression at 8 h. Results At each time point after SE, the expression of mRNA of HES 1 and HIF-1αand the expression of protein were higher than the same time point of NS group (P