Objective To introduce the technique and treatment outcome of the fingertip soft tissue defect with improved transverse palmar island flap.Methods From January 2011 to February 2013,15 cases(17 fingers) fingertip defect were repaired by improved transverse palmar island flap,the vascular pedicled of flap was a side of the neurovascular bundle,the flap revolved 90° to coversoft tissue defect.Defect area:1.2 cm × 0.8 cm to 1.7 cm × 1.6 cm.The time between the injury and admission was 40 minutes to 27 hours.Five cases were repaired defection with flap immediately,10 cases were repaired defection in stage Ⅱ.Results The wounds of injury in 15 cases get primary healing,and all the flaps were successfully survived.The 13 cases were followed up for 6 months to 14 months.The blood circulation of flap was fine,and the fingertip shape as well.The two point discrimination of the skin pulp was 6 mm to 11 mm.Conclusion The improved transverse palmar island flap for repairing transverse finger pulp defect and a small area of skin defect in patients.The procedure has a simple surgery,donor area don't skin graft,postoperative appearance and hand finger satisfactory functional recovery,etc.

In order to determine the suitable harvest time of Dendrobium officinale from different regions in Yunnan province, the drying rate, mannose and glucose peak area ratio, extract, contents of polysaccharide and mannose of D. officinale samples collected from six producing areas in Ynnnan province were determined. The results indicate that drying rate and the contents of polysaccharide and mannose arrived the peak from January to April, extract reached a higher content from September to December, and mannose and glucose peak area ratio from October to February of the coming met the requirment of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Hence, the suitable harvesting time of D. officinale in Yunnan province is from December to February of the coming year,according to the experimental results and the request of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
China ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Glucose ; analysis ; metabolism ; Mannose ; analysis ; metabolism ; Time Factors

?AIM:To evaluate the objective visual quality of patients who underwent corneal cross-linking for the keratoconus using double-pass analysis system.? METHODS: Advanced keratoconus patients who underwent UV - riboflavin corneal cross - linking from January to July 2015 were included. The outcomes of their objective scattering index ( OSI ) , predicted visual acuity ( VA ) , the cut - off frequency of modulation transfer function ( MTF cut- off ) , the Strehl ratio ( SR ) were compared before and 6mo after corneal cross-linking.?RESULTS: A total of 13 patients ( 16 eyes ) were included. There was no statistically significant difference between pre- and 6mo postoperative data in uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, refractions and mean value of Sim-k (P>0. 05). Non-invasive average tear film break up time ( NIAvg-BUT ) detected by the Sirius system decreased after corneal cross-linking ( P<0. 05 ) . Using double - pass analysis system, no statistically significant change was found in MTF cut off, Strehl Ratio, OSI before and after treatment(P>0. 05). Tear Film Analysis Mean OSI increased at 6mo postoperatively (P<0. 05).? CONCLUSION: The subjective visual quality isn’t effected by corneal cross-linking. The tear stabilities of patients are influenced by these operations at 6mo postoperatively. More observations on long-term effect are needed to be taken in the future.

KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated human oncogenes. In spite of mounting efforts on the development of direct or indirect inhibition targeting KRAS, little has been achieved because of insurmountable difficulties, titling KRAS "undruggable". Recently, subtype-specific inhibitors have shown great hope. Some KRAS^G12C inhibitors have entered clinical trials, including adagrasib and sotorasib, and have shown preliminary clinical effectiveness. Experiences from the inhibitors targeting the downstream factors of RAS pathways show that the anticancer activity of these drugs will be limited due to the development of drug resistance. Preclinical studies of KRAS^G12C inhibitors have revealed that the application of these agents might be hampered by the drug resistance issue. The current review aims to describe the current status of KRAS^G12C inhibitors, and discuss the mechanisms underlying KRAS^G12C inhibitor resistance, so as to provide the clues for the combat of drug resistance.

Objective To study the protective effect of glucocorticoid preconditioning on the myocardial ischemic and reperfused hearts.Methods Totally 18 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model(model),high-dose glucocorticoid given by one time group(high-dose group) and low-dose glucocorticoid given by several times group(low-dose group),with six rabbits in each group.Myocardial ischemia was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation.ST segments were recorded by the BL-420 biological signal acquisition system.Plasma malondial dehyde(MDA) was examined before ischemia,at 15 min after ischemia and 30 min after reperfusion;ischemic heart muscles were prepared with cryotomy and stained histochemically.Succinic dehydrogenase activity was observed in the ischemic region.Results There was shorter time of ST-segment recovery in the high-dose group and the low-dose group than that in the model group.Serum level of MDA in the high-dose group was lower than in the low-dose group(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the relative factors on the failure in digit replantation in order to take preventions to control the risk factors.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to December 2013, 236 consecutive patients (311 fingers) underwent digit replantation were collected to analyze retrospectively, involving 183 males and 53 females with an average age of 34.5 years old ranging from 2 to 62 years old (6 cases under 6 years old and 230 cases elder than 6 years old). There were 51 thumbs, 87 index fingers, 78 middle fingers, 63 ring fings and 32 little thumbs. Forty cases(forty fings) who were failured as the observation group, the others as the control group. The factors of age, gender, finger, cause of injury, smoking history, ischemia duration, plane of division, condition of venous drainage and condition of arterial repair we assessed.

RESULTSAll 236 cases with 311 fingers were replanted, 40 fingers were failured after operation. The relative factors on the failure in digit replantation included smoking history, cause of injury, plane of division, condition of venous drainage and condition of arterial repair (P< 0.05). There were no significant correlation between the failure and age, gender, finger and ischemia duration (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSmoking history, causes of injury, plane of division, condition of venous drainage and condition of arterial repair are risks of failure in digit replantation. Before choosing the type of operation, it should be think about the patient's general conditions, injury status, grasp firmly the operative indications and actively carry out surgical treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Fingers ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Replantation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thumb ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Failure ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the treatment of patients with solitary kidney stones. METHODS: The clinical data of 22 patients with solitary kidney stones treated with PCNL in Peking University People's Hospital from September 2008 to June 2014, with the follow-up data of more than 5 years were analyzed retrospectively. Perioperative indicators, postoperative stone free rate (SFR) and incidence of complications were recorded. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate the long-term stones recurrence rate. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were used to assess the long-term renal function. RESULTS: In this group of 22 patients, the average age was (50.3±11.8) years, with 10 cases of anatomic solitary kidneys, 12 functional solitary kidneys, and the median stone diameter was 1.65 (1.1-3.9) cm. All the patients had multiple stones, including 7 cases of staghorn stones. The median pre-operative serum creatinine was 104.5 (60.0-460.0) μmol/L, and the mean eGFR was (60.3±29.4) mL/min, showing no statistically significant difference compared with that before surgery. The mean operative time was (88.2±42.0) min, and there were 11 cases of single-channel and double-channel PCNL. The median serum creatinine on the first day after surgery was 102.0 (63.0-364.0) μmol/L, and the mean eGFR was (58.0±25.1) mL/min. The mean postoperative hospital stay was (8.7±5.2) days. In this group, 5 patients (22.7%) presented short-term complications, among which 4 patients presented postoperative infection and massive hemorrhage at the same time, which improved after conservative treatment, and 1 patient presented pleural injury and improved after closed thoracic drainage. Two patients (9.1%) developed long-term complications, and ureteral stricture occurred 3 months after operation, which improved after balloon dilatation. The median follow-up time was 6.2 (4.7-11.1) years. The median serum creatinine at the last follow-up was 104.0 (72.4-377.0) μmol/L, and the mean eGFR was (60.1±23.7) mL/min, showing no statistically significant difference compared with that before surgery. Renal function decreased in 6 patients (27.3%). Initial and final SFR were 72.7% and 100%, respectively. During the 6.2-year follow-up, 9 patients (40.9%) experienced recurrence of kidney stone. After stone recurrence, 13 lithotomy surgeries were performed, and the SFR by the latest follow-up was 63.6%. CONCLUSION This study had the longest follow-up time for patients with solitary kidney stones after PCNL reported at home and abroad. Ultrasound-guided standard PCNL was safe and effective in the treatment of solitary kidney stones. Long-term follow-up results showed that the recurrence rate of kidney stones was still high, but the long-term renal function was stable after operation, and some patients showed mild renal function decline.
Adult ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Middle Aged ; Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Solitary Kidney/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To assess the clinical curative effect of acupoint injection for the treatment of nape-back fasciitis by Meta-analysis, thus to provide evidence for the treatment of nape-back fasciitis. Methods A retrieval of literatures concerning treatment of nape-back fasciitis with acupoint injection was carried out in the databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed, CMB, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for the evaluation of methodological quality and bias risk of the included randomized controlled trials(RCT) which met the enrolling requirements. At the same time, Meta-analysis was carried out for the main outcome measure of effective rate and the secondary outcome measures of platelet aggregation rate and thromboxan A2 (TXA2) level. Results A total of 10 RCT involving 833 cases were included. The results showed that the treatment group had higher effective rate than the control group (OR = 7.21, 95％ CI [ 4.16, 12.49] , in the combined effect test Z = 7.04) , and the difference was significant(P < 0.01); the treatment group had better effect on decreasing the platelet aggregation rate {mean difference(MD) being 2.50, 95％ CI [1.34, 3.66], Z =4.23} and on reducing the level of TXA2 (MD = 33.35, 95％CI [22.97, 43.72], Z = 6.30) than the control group, the difference being significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion Acupoint injection exerts certain therapeutic effect for the treatment of nape-back fasciitis, and its effect on reducing blood inflammatory factors is better than that of acupuncture or drug therapy alone. However, due to the small quantity and low quality of the included studies, more large-sample, multi-center and high-quality clinical studies are needed to validate the results.

Spontaneous, rhythmical contractions, or vasomotion, can be recorded from cerebral vessels under both normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We investigated the cellular mechanisms underlying vasomotion in the cerebral basilar artery (BA) of Wistar rats. Pressure myograph video microscopy was used to study the changes in cerebral artery vessel diameter. The main results of this study were as follows: (1) The diameters of BA and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were 314.5±15.7 μm (n=15) and 233.3±10.1 μm (n=12) at 10 mmHg working pressure (P<0.05), respectively. Pressure-induced vasomotion occurred in BA (22/28, 78.6%), but not in MCA (4/31, 12.9%) from 0 to 70 mmHg working pressure. As is typical for vasomotion, the contractile phase of the response was more rapid than the relaxation phase; (2) The frequency of vasomotion response and the diameter were gradually increased in BA from 0 to 70 mmHg working pressure. The amplitude of the rhythmic contractions was relatively constant once stable conditions were achieved. The frequency of contractions was variable and the highest value was 16.7±4.7 (n=13) per 10 min at 60 mmHg working pressure; (3) The pressure-induced vasomotion of the isolated BA was attenuated by nifedipine, NFA, 18β-GA, TEA or in Ca(2+)-free medium. Nifedipine, NFA, 18β-GA or Ca(2+)-free medium not only dampened vasomotion, but also kept BA in relaxation state. In contrasts, TEA kept BA in contraction state. These results suggest that the pressure-induced vasomotion of the isolated BA results from an interaction between Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels (CaCCs) currents and K(Ca) currents. We hypothesize that vasomotion of BA depends on the depolarizing of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to activate CaCCs. Depolarization in turn activates voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels, synchronizing contractions of adjacent cells through influx of extracellular calcium and the flow of calcium through gap junctions. Subsequent calcium-induced calcium release from ryanodine-sensitive stores activates K(Ca) channels and hyperpolarizes VSMCs, which provides a negative feedback loop for regenerating the contractile cycle.

Objective To investigate the role of overexpression of Smad7,the inhibitory factor of TGF-?/Smads signaling,in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells.Methods Peritoneal fibrosis rat model was built by daily intraperitoneal injection with 4.25% Dineal (100 ml/kg) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) (0.6 mg/kg) at day 8,10,12,22,24,26. Smad7 or control empty vectors was transferred at day 0,14 and was induced by doxycline in the daily drinking water (200 mg/L).Rats were sacrificed on day 28 and the expression of TGF-beta/ Smads,?-SMA and E-cadherin was examined.Results Compared with normal rats,empty vector rats showed higher expression of phosphorylated Smad2/3.?-SMA expression was elevated but E-cadherin was reduced.Under electron microscope,the mesothelial cells removed to submesothelial zone and showed large bundles of actin microfilaments and dense bodies within the cytoplasm. Basement membrane was broken.After induction of Smad7 in peritoneal fibrosis rats,the morphology of mesothelial ceils normalized partly,phosphorylated Smad2/3 was reduced.Moreover,expression of E-cadherin was increased,expression of?-SMA was dramatically reduced.Conclusion Inhibition of TGF-?/Smad signaling by Smad7 overexpression may inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of mesothelial cell,which may provide a new therapeutic method for peritoneal fibrosis by overexpression of Smad7.