The continuous cultivation of Rehmannia glutinosa causes the accumulation of phenolic acids in soil. It is supposed to be the reason of the so called "continuously cropping obstacle". In this study, phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, eugenol, vanillin and ferulic acid) were degraded by the extracta of all the tested spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and the maximal degradation rate was 75.3%, contributed by extraction of SMS of Pleurotus eryngii. Pot experiment indicated that hydroxybenzoic acid and vanillin in soil were also degraded effectively by SMS of P. eryngii. The employment of SMS enhanced ecophysiology index to near the normal levels, such as crown width, leaves number, leaf length, leaf width and height. At the same time, the fresh and dry weight and total catalpol concentration of tuberous root weight of R. glutinosa was increased to 2.70, 3.66, 2.25 times by employment of SMS, respectively. The increase of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes numbers in rhizosphere soil were observed after the employment of SMS by microbial counts. The employment of SMS also enhanced the enzyme activity in soils, such as sucrase, cellulase, phosphalase, urease and catelase. These results indicated that the employment of SMS alleviated the continuously cropping obstacle of R. glutinosa in some extent.
Agaricales ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Agriculture ; methods ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Rehmannia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Soil ; chemistry ; Soil Microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of the retroperitoneal approach in aortic surgery.

METHODSWe collected and analyzed data of 7 patients in Macau who presented with aortic diseases from 2007 to 2008 and were treated with aorta repair through retroperitoneal approach. Demographic features as well as intraoperative and postoperative data were analyzed. One case of thoracoabdominal aneurysm and 4 cases of abdominal aneurysm received artificial graft, among which hybrid iliac artery reconstruction with Zenith stent covering the ostium of the left subclavian artery was performed in 2 cases of infrarenal abdominal aneurysm. Aortic-iliac artery bypass was performed in 2 cases of aortoiliac occlusion.

RESULTSNo operative or early postoperative death was observed. No perioperative intestinal adhesion or ureteral obstruction was found. One case reported delayed paraplegia and graft infection as postoperative complications. The complications were partially removed 3 months later after rehabilitation.

CONCLUSIONRetroperitoneal approach is a safe and feasible technique, which associated with a low incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Aged ; Aorta ; surgery ; Humans ; Myocardial Revascularization ; methods ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension in Hanzhong city of Shaanxi province.Methods A cross-sectional survey on dietarypattern and hypertension together with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was conducted among rural residents aged from 18 to 80 in Hanzhong of Shaanxi province in 2010.Factor analysis by SPSS was used to identify food patterns based on the frequency of food.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension.Results 2929 rural residents were investigated with an average age as 50.0 years old and average schooling-years as 6.8.The prevalence rate of hypertension was 34.3％,with 35.4％ in males and 33.7％ in females.Among 29 kinds of food under investigation,only 11 kinds with the frequencies of consumption more than 1 time per week.Four main factors were derived as four dietary patterns by factor analysis and they were diversity dietary pattern,alcohol dietary pattern,beverage dietary pattern and simple dietary pattern.Among them,the balanced dietary pattern was significantly associated with hypertension.All the participants were categorized into 4 groups (Q1-Q4) according to their factor scores,quartile with Q1 as a reference.The residents who were more closer to having balance dietary pattern,were under less risk of suffering from hypertension after controlling for age,sex,BMI,education and income.Compared to Q1,the Q4 had lower risk of hypertension (OR=0.59,95％CI:0.44-0.77) for the balanced pattern.Conclusion Dietary pattern could be related to the prevalence of hypertension.A rational diet with diversity of foods should be suggested as one of the major measures for the prevention of hypertension.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) morbidity of women from different occupations in Shenzhen city.

METHODS2045 women of five kinds of occupation in Shenzhen city, including 130 teachers, 385 workers, 316 service women, 199 poverish women, 420 doctors or nurses and 595 general residents were included. We screened these women by methods of detecting high risk HPV of hc2 combing with LCT. Women with screening positive results were diagnosed CIN by colposcopic biopsy.

RESULTS(1) High risk factors on HPV infection rate in different occupations were different with the highest in service occupation (19.3%) while the lowest appeared in medical workers (11.9%). (2) In those 2045 women, we found 199 cervical lesions including pathological HPV infection, CIN1, 2, 3 and cervical cancers, with morbidity rates as 4.11%, 3.28%, 1.67%, 0.54% and 0.15% respectively. Along with the progress of the cervical lesions, the morbidity decreased. (3) The morbidity rates of CIN in different occupations were different, with the highest of HSIL in service occupation and the lowest in teachers.

CONCLUSIONWomen of different occupations in Shenzhen city had different high risk HPV infection rates and CIN morbidity. The HPV infection rate and HSIL morbidity were highest among women having service related jobs.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; epidemiology ; virology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Personnel ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Occupations ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

This study is to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on carotid baroreceptor activity (CBA). The functional curve of carotid baroreceptor (FCCB) was constructed and the functional parameters of carotid baroreceptor were measured by recording sinus nerve afferent discharge in anesthetized male rats with perfused isolated carotid sinus. Resveratrol (30, 60 and 120 micromol x L(-1)) inhibited CBA, which shifted FCCB to the right and downward. There was a marked decrease in peak slope (PS) and peak integral value (PIV) of carotid sinus nerve charge in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 micromol x L(-1)), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), eliminated the inhibitory effect of resveratrol. Pretreatment with Bay K8644 (an agonist of L-type calcium channel, 500 nmol x L(-1)) abolished the effect of resveratrol on CBA. A potent inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatase (sodium orthovanadate, 1 mmol x L(-1)) did not influence the effect of resveratrol on CBA. Resveratrol inhibits carotid baroreceptor activity, which may be mediated by the locally released NO and decreased calcium influx. Several studies have showed a cardioprotective effect of resveratrol, with the penetrating study of resveratrol, it may show a potential value in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular disease as an alternative medicine.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester ; pharmacology ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Carotid Sinus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Pressoreceptors ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; Vanadates ; pharmacology

Animals ; Binding Sites ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Activators ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucokinase ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Conformation ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; Sulfones ; pharmacology ; Thiazoles ; pharmacology

Objective - To analyze the effect of using vibration tools on the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders （ ） Methods ， - WMSDs in automobile factory workers. By judgment sampling method front line workers with more than one year of working experience in an automobile factory were selected as the research subjects. Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used for investigation. The workers were divided into the control group and the vibration tool group. The propensity score ∶ ， matching method was used to balance the confounding factors of the two groups of workers by 1 1 and 568 people were Results included in each group. The prevalence of WMSDs was compared between the two groups after matching. After ， ， ， ， ， ， matching the prevalence of WMSDs in the shoulder elbow hand/wrist upper back waist hip/buttock and knee of workers in ， （ P ） the vibration tool group was higher than that in the control group and the differences were statistically significant all <0.05 .， The prevalence of WMSDs in different body parts of workers in the vibration tool group ranking from high to low was waist ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， neck shoulder hand/wrist upper back knee ankle/foot elbow and hip/buttock with the rate of 74.3% 61.3% 54.2% ， ， ， ， ， （P ） Conclusions 54.0% 50.9% 39.4% 35.2% 31.0% and 27.1% respectively <0.01 . The use of vibration tools can ， ， ， ， ， increase the risk of WMSDs in shoulder elbow hand/wrist upper back waist hip/buttock and knee of automobile factory workers. Corresponding measures should be taken to reduce vibration intensity and reduce contact time to protect workers'

Objective To explore and evaluate the effect of improved drinking method on the respiratory failure patients with non-invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods Totals of 80 cases with noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the Chinese PLA General Hospital between October 2010 and October 2011 were recruited and randomly divided into observation group( n =40 ) receiving the improved drinking during non-invasive mechanical ventilation and control group( n =40) receiving the traditional drinking,taking off the mask and drinking.Pulse oxygen saturation,respiratory rate,heart rate,mean blood pressure,thirst score,cough and dyspnea were observed and recorded before drinking,at the end of drinking,5 min,30 min after drinking.Results There was no significant difference in gender,age and APACHE Ⅱ score between two groups( P ＞ 0.05 ).The observation group always had higher oxygen saturation than that of control group (95.2±2.3 vs 94.4 ±2.3,94.8 ±2.5 vs 91.8 ±3.4,95.1 ±2.0 vs 92.4 ±3.2,96.0 ±1.9 vs 93.4 ±2.9,P ＜0.05 ),and the incidence of cough,dyspnea was significantly lower than that of the control group ( 10.0％ vs 45.0％,5.0％ vs 22.5％ ),and after drinking 30 minutes,thirst score increased significantly in control group than that of the observation group ( 1.30 ± 0.60 vs 1.97 ± 0.65 ),and the difference was statistically significant( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Improved drinking method can achieve satisfied oxygen saturation during non-invasive mechanical ventilation with less possibility of cough and dyspnea.

Objective Little study has been done on the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and u-rine-to-creatinine ratio ( UACR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) .The article aimed to investigate the relationship be-tween NLR and UACR in T2DM patients. Methods 121 T2DM patients in our hospital from July 2015 to December 2015 were en-rolled and divided into patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) group(n=49) and non-DKD group(n=72).In accordance with UACR levels, the patients were divided into normoalbuminuria group ( n=72, male UACR<2.5 mg/mmol, female UACR<3.5 mg/mmol), microalbuminuria group ( n=33, male 2.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol, female 3.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol), and high-grade proteinuria group ( n=16, UACR≥30 mg/mmol ) . Clinical data and biochemical index were collected , which includes course of diabetes , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , 25-OH vita-min D, and fasting/postprandial blood glucose/insulin /c-peptide, followed by analysis on the risk factors of DKD . Results NLR was significantly increased in DKD group compared to non-DKD group (2.14±1.06 vs 1.76±0.76, P=0.025) and was in significant relation with UACR (r=0.273, P=0.003).No significant difference was found among patients with normoalbuminuria , microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed NLR (OR=1.829, 95%CI:1.051-3.183, P=0.033), course of di-abetes (OR=1.142,95%CI:1.062-1.229, P<0.001) and lipoprotein a (OR=1.026, 95%CI:1.001-1.051, P=0.039) as risk fac-tors for DKD. Conclusion It's the first report of the relationship between NLR and UACR , indicating NLR should be paid attention in patients with T2DM.

This study aimed to determine the drug resistance phenotype and genetic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes ST5 LK100 isolated from a neonate,which provided a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of L.monocyto-genes infection and to enhance the understanding of the genomic characteristics of this strain.A suspected L.monocytogenes strain was isolated from the gastric juice sample of an infected neonate,and identified with a VITEK2 Compact automatic mi-crobial identification instrument and 16S RNA sequencing.Five drug sensitivity tests were conducted on the identified strain with the E-test method.Additionally,the whole genome of the strain was sequenced using a third-generation sequencing plat-form.The antibiotic resistance elements of the strain were identified by BlastN with the CARD antibiotic resistance gene data-base.The multilocus sequence typing(MLST),serotyping,and virulence genes of the strain was determined by Pasteur da-tabase,the virulence gene distribution was analyzed using the virulence analysis website.The prophages of the strain were predicted and annotate by PHASTER online website.The strain(LK100)isolated from the neonate was identified as L.monocytogenes.This strain was sensitive to penicillin,ampicil-lin,meropenem,erythromycin,and trimethoprim-sulfame-thoxazole antibiotics.The MLST type and serotype was ST5 and 1/2b-3b,respectively.The total length of the chromoso-mal genome of LK100 was 3 032 582 bp with a GC content of 37.91％,and it contained a complete circular plasmid with a se-quence length of 52 822 bp.The strain LK100 carried complete InlA protein,LIPI-1 pathogenicity island,SSI-1 stress survival island,and an LGI2 genomic island.The intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes were mainly located on the chromosome.Five prophage sequences were predicted in the LK100 genome.This study identified a strain of ST5 L.monocytogenes LK100 from an infected neonate and characterized its genome and antibiotic sensitivity,laying the foundation for further research on ST5 L.monocytogenes.