The high-performance liquid hromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital well high-resolution mass spectrometry method was developed for the analysis of p-methoxymethamphetamine(PMMA)and its metabolites in rabbit blood.Hypersil Gold aQ(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm)was used as the chromatographic column.The mobile phase was gradient elution with 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution(A)and 0.1%formic acid acetonitrile(B)at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min.Electrospray ionization(ESI)with positive and negative mode scanning was used to determine p-methoxymethamphetamine and its metabolites based on excimer and secondary fragment ions.PMMA and its metabolites were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry,which lays a foundation for the study of its pharmacodynamic substance and prevention.

The study was conducted to investigate the role of vitamin E in the high altitude hypoxia-induced damage to the intestinal barrier in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (Control), high altitude hypoxia (HH), and high altitude hypoxia+vitamin E (250 mg/kg BW*d) (HV) groups. After the third day, the HH and HV groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber at a stimulated elevation of 7000 m for 5 days. The rats in the HV group were given vitamin E by gavage daily for 8 days. The other rats were given equal volume saline. The results showed that high altitude hypoxia caused the enlargement of heart, liver, lung and kidney, and intestinal villi damage. Supplementation with vitamin E significantly alleviated hypoxia-caused damage to the main organs including intestine, increased the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p< 0.05), diamino oxidase (DAO) (p< 0.01) levels, and decreased the serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (p< 0.01), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (p<0.001), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (p<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.001), and decreased the serum erythropoietin (EPO) activity (p<0.05). Administration of vitamin E significantly increased the S-IgA (p<0.001) in ileum and significantly improved the expression levels of occludin and IkappaBalpha, and decreased the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and 2 alpha (HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha), Toll-like receptors (TLR4), P-IkappaBalpha and nuclear factor-kappaB p65(NF-kappaB P65) in ileum compared to the HH group. This study suggested that vitamin E protectis from intestinal injury caused by high altitude hypoxia environment. These effects may be related to the HIF and TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
Altitude* ; Animals ; Anoxia* ; Erythropoietin ; Heart ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; Ileum ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Intestines ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Malondialdehyde ; Occludin ; Oxidoreductases ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Vitamin E* ; Vitamins*

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of 6 children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and review related literature, and to provide a basis for early diagnosis and effective treatment of this disease.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 6 children with DMD who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to October 2015.

RESULTSAll the 6 cases were boys without a family history of DMD, and the age of diagnosis of DMD was 1.2-11.5 years. All patients had insidious onset and increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB, particularly CK, which was 3.3-107.2 times the normal level. Their gene detection results all showed DMD gene mutation. The gene detection results of two children's mothers showed that they carried the same mutant gene. The muscle biopsy in one case showed that the pathological changes confirmed the diagnosis of DMD. The level of CK in one case declined by 77.0% 5 days after umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSFor boys with abnormal serum enzyme levels and motor function, DMD should be highly suspected. It should be confirmed by CK and DMD gene detection as soon as possible. And the progression of the disease could be delayed by early intervention for protecting the remaining normal muscle fibers.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Creatine Kinase ; genetics ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To study the relationship between the biological behavior of gliomas and the state of adjacent fiber tract. Methods Regular MRI and DTI were performed in 24 patients with histologically confirmed brain gliomas. The fiber tracts adjacent gliomas reconstructed with 3-dimensional, the state of fiber tracts were evaluated with displaced, infiltrated or destroyed. Reflection the infiltration of glioma of MMP-9 、CD44 and the proliferative activity of VEGF and Ki-67 expression were evaluated by SP immunohistochemical staining method in surgical specimens. Results The expression of VEGF or Ki-67 was higher in high grade gliomas than low grade (P＜0.05) and a negative correlation (P＞0.05) between MMP-9 or CD44 expression and the grade of gliomas was found. The states of fiber tracts were damaged greatly in the periphery of high grade gliomas than low grade (P＜0.05).Further, the states of fiber tracts were destroyed heavily in the periphery of gliomas that had higher expression of VEGF or Ki-67 (P＜0.05). But there were poor correlation (P＞0.05) between MMP-9 or CD44 expression and the state of fiber tracts adjacent to gliomas. Conclusions The grade of and proliferation of gliomas can influence the state of fiber tracts in the periphery of gliomas but the infiltration did not. It was helpful to estimate the biological behavior of gliomas on imagines and useful in deciding the therapeutic regimen.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the most important complications of diabetes.In recent years,domestic and foreign studies have found that mammalian target protein of rapamycin(mTOR)related signaling pathway is a classic pathway involved in the regulation of autophagy,which can achieve the therapeutic effect of DKD by targeting the autophagy pathway,and plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of DKD.In this paper,we reviewed the mechanism of mTOR-related signaling pathway targeted autophagy in the prevention and treatment of DKD,in order to provide a new reference and basis for clinical prevention and treatment of DKD.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of systemic disseminated infection caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum (M.fortuitum), and improve the diagnostic rate and understanding of the disease.Methods One case of systemic disseminated M.fortuituminfection was reported, and analyzed in combination with relevant literatures.Results Patient was with multiple systemic involvement (including lung, lymph node, skin, joint), lymph node tissue culture was positive for M.fortuitum, patient was given clarithromycin+levofloxacin+linezolid for treatment, disease was remitted.Conclusion Systemic disseminated M.fortuituminfection is rare, and patient with GATA2 deletion and IFN-γautoantibody may be a potential mechanism, diagnosis is mainly based on pathological morphology and microbiological detection, but positive rate is low, diagnosis is difficult.

Objective: To compare the efficiency of saline irrigation, antibiotics irrigation and high-concentration antibiotics perfusion with tube drainage in the treatment of infectious effusion. Methods: Clinical and sonographic features of abdominal and pelvic infectious effusion of 64 patients with malignant tumor collected from September 2013 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of effusion size and temperature, catheterization time were evaluated in saline irrigation group and antibiotics irrigation group. The catheterization time was compared between antibiotics irrigation group and high-concentration antibiotics perfusion group. Results: The effective rates of the saline irrigation group and the antibiotics irrigation group were 68.6% and 86.8%, respectively, and the times of catheterization were 11.9±8.4 days and 7.8±4.8 days, respectively, with significantly statistical difference (both P<0.05). However, the effective rates of the antibiotics irrigation group and the high concentration antibiotic perfusion group were 86.8% and 100.0%, respectively (P=0.067), while the times of catheterization were 7.8±4.8 days and 3.6±3.1 days, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion The antibiotic irrigation with tube drainage, especially the high concentration perfusion is more effective than saline in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic infection effusion.

Objective To compare the efficiency of saline irrigation, antibiotics irrigation and high?concentration antibiotics perfusion with tube drainage in the treatment of infectious effusion. Methods Clinical and sonographic features of abdominal and pelvic infectious effusion of 64 patients with malignant tumor collected from September 2013 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of effusion size and temperature, catheterization time were evaluated in saline irrigation group and antibiotics irrigation group. The catheterization time was compared between antibiotics irrigation group and high?concentration antibiotics perfusion group. Results The effective rates of the saline irrigation group and the antibiotics irrigation group were 68.6% and 86.8%, respectively, and the times of catheterization were 11.9±8.4 days and 7.8 ± 4.8 days, respectively, with significantly statistical difference ( both P＜0.05). However, the effective rates of the antibiotics irrigation group and the high concentration antibiotic perfusion group were 86.8% and 100.0%, respectively (P＝0.067), while the times of catheterization were 7.8±4.8 days and 3.6± 3.1days, respectively ( P＜0.001). Conclusion The antibiotic irrigation with tube drainage, especially the high concentration perfusion is more effective than saline in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic infection effusion.

Objective To compare the efficiency of saline irrigation, antibiotics irrigation and high?concentration antibiotics perfusion with tube drainage in the treatment of infectious effusion. Methods Clinical and sonographic features of abdominal and pelvic infectious effusion of 64 patients with malignant tumor collected from September 2013 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of effusion size and temperature, catheterization time were evaluated in saline irrigation group and antibiotics irrigation group. The catheterization time was compared between antibiotics irrigation group and high?concentration antibiotics perfusion group. Results The effective rates of the saline irrigation group and the antibiotics irrigation group were 68.6% and 86.8%, respectively, and the times of catheterization were 11.9±8.4 days and 7.8 ± 4.8 days, respectively, with significantly statistical difference ( both P＜0.05). However, the effective rates of the antibiotics irrigation group and the high concentration antibiotic perfusion group were 86.8% and 100.0%, respectively (P＝0.067), while the times of catheterization were 7.8±4.8 days and 3.6± 3.1days, respectively ( P＜0.001). Conclusion The antibiotic irrigation with tube drainage, especially the high concentration perfusion is more effective than saline in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic infection effusion.

Child ; Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox)/prevention & control* ; Disease Outbreaks