The construction and utilization of electronic resources of traditional Chinese medicine is a long and complicated work of TCM library. This article introduces the definition, sorts and current status of electronic resources, and put forward the questions on development of TCM library electronic resources.

The distinctive LT siRNAs were designed according to the LT sequence .During the process of cultivation ,siRNA targeting the LT gene ,non‐specific control siRNA ,negative control siRNA and culture medium were added into siRNA group (siRNA‐LT1 group , siRNA‐LT2 group) ,siRNA‐coa3 group ,siRNA‐NC group and blank control group ,respectively ,and three times in each group (1 nmol each time) .After siRNA added at the first time ,bacteria was collected in 45 min (A) ,90 min (B) and 135 min (C) time points .The expression of mRNA in three time points (A ,B and C) were detected by real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR .The protein level of LT in siRNA‐LT1 group ,siRNA‐LT2 group and blank control group were detected by Western blot in three time points .Results The results of real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that inhibition of siRNA‐LT1 on the expression of LT mRNA at the three time points(A ,B and C)were 70 .9% ,70 .1% ,72 .5% respectively ,and inhibition of siRNA‐LT2 on the ex‐pression of LT mRNA at the three time points(A ,B and C)were 70 .1% ,69 .2% and 70 .5% respectively .In the three time points (A ,B and C)the inhibition rate of the expression of LT mRNA in siRNA‐LT1 group and siRNA‐LT2 group were statistically lower than that in the siRNA‐NC group ,siRNA‐coa3 group and blank control group (P<0 .05) .The results of Western blot showed that in siRNA‐LT1 group the inhibitory rate of expression of LT protein in the three time points were 43 .1% ,18 .4% and 5 .0% ,re‐spectively ;in the siRNA‐LT2 group were 38 .2% ,15 .4% and 30 .1% ,respectively .Conclusion The specific siRNA could inhibit the expression of LT gene in vitro .

Objective To assess the differential diagnosis and characteristics of renal benign and malignant tumors with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS). Methods Totally 68 patients with renal tumors were examined by conventional ultrasound and two-dimensional contrastenhanced ultrasound(2D-CEUS). 3D imaging was reconstructed from 2D imaging, the differential diagnosis of renal tumors with 3D-CEUS was analyzed by comparing with 2D-CEUS. All patients with renal tumors were proved by operational pathology. Results Eighteen patients with renal benign tumors mostly displayed equal or low enhancement, showed "slowly in and slowly out" with 2D-CEUS, while displayed regular peripheral and internal vessels with 3D-CEUS. Fifty patients with renal malignant tumors mostly displayed high enhancement, showed "rapidly in and rapidly out" with 2D-CEUS,displayed winding peripheral vessels and disordered internal vessels with 3D-CEUS. 3D-CEUS may display the vascular characteristics of tumors and showed superior imaging quality to 2D-CEUS ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions 3D-CEUS can display the vascular characteristics of tumors and their spatial positions, it plays an important role in differential diagnosis between renal benign and malignant tumors.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of hair removal with Lightsheer 800 nm diode laser. Methods Lightsheer, 800 nm diode laser, was used to remove hairs from different areas, including hairlines, lips, whiskers, armpit, chest, back, limbs and bikinis area, in 432 patients. Results At least twice treatments, the maximum 29 times, were needed to achieve satisfactory results. Total effective rate increased with the treatment times but depended on the different area:63.4 % of hairlines, 67.7 % of lips, 71.9 % of whiskers, 100 % of armpit, 100 % of chest, 100 %of back, 82.6 % of limbs and 100 % of bikinis area, respectively. The adverse effect was observed with temporal hypopigmentation in 4 patients and hyperpigmentation in 9 patients, without any scar formation. Conclusions Lightsheer 800 nm diode laser is a safe and efficient method of laser hair removal.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of strokeassociated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 375 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were selected from the department of neurology and neurosurgery during January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital.According to the incidence of SAP,they were divided into the observation group (complicated with SAP,n =79) and control group (not complicated with SAP,n =296).Clinical data were collected,and clinical characteristics and related risk factors of SAP complicated with acute cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed.Results Among all the 79 SAP patients in observation group,there were 38 cases with gram-negative bacterial infections,25 cases with gram-positive bacterial infections,16 cases with mixed infections.The SAP incidence in patients with massive hemorrhage was higher than that in patients with nonmasive hemorrhage (x2 =11.301,P＜ 0.01),and was higher in patients with cerebellum,brainstem,ventricle,thalamus and multifoeal hemorrhage than that in patients with basal ganglion and brain lobe hemorrhage(x2 =4.023,P＜0.05).The hospitalization days of the observation group was longer than that of the control group [(32.7 ± 16.2) versus (17.3 ± 6.7),t=2.93,P＜ 0.01].The mortality of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (24.1％ versus 3.7％),(x2 =8.720,P＜ 0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥ 65 (OR =4.87),underlying lung diseases (OR =5.30),bulbar paralysis (OR =7.39),disorder of consciousness (OR=4.11),NIHSS score ＞ 4 (OR =3.96),invasive airway operations (OR=3.78),gastric tube (OR =4.37),H2-receptor blocking agents application (OR =2.09) were independent risk factors for SAP in acute intraerebral hemorrhage patients.Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of SAP in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.The patients complicated with SAP after acute cerebral hemorrhage have poor prognosis including prolonged hospitalization period and higher mortality.SAP in acute intraerebral hemorrhage patients is closely related to the following factors:age≥65,underlying lung diseases,bulbar paralysis,disorder of consciousness,NIHSS score ＞ 4,invasive airway operations,gastric tube,H2-receptor blocking agents.

Objective: To investigate the diagnose nutcracker syndrome with color Doppler flow imaging.Methods:Doppler sonographic findings in 47 children with orthostatic proteinuria or idiopathic hematuria and in 23 healthy control subjects were compared.The peak velocity,anteroposterior diameter and anteroposterior diameter ratio(hilar segment/aortomesenteric segment) were measured in the left renal vein.Results: The anteroposterior diameter ratio of the 2 segments were 4.13?2.34 in the patient group and 2.16?0.56 in the control.The anteroposterior diameter and the peak velocity in the aortomesenteric segment were(0.16?0.07)cm/s and(83.3?37.2)cm/s in the patient group and(0.24?0.09)cm/s and(43.1?10.8)cm/s in the control,with significant difference in between(P

Objective:To study the antimalarial mechanism of benflumetol (B). Methods: Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to analyze the effects of B and chloroquine (CQ) on DNA content of Plasmodium berghei and pH value of the lysosome of malarial parasites. Results: DNA content of the plasmodia not treated with any drugs was not changed in 24 hours,while benflumetol could decrease the DNA content: the DNA content began to decrease 2 h after the drug administration and reached the minimum by 16 h, but somewhat increased at 24 h after administration. The pH in the lysosome increased 1 h and restored premedication level 4 h after benflumetol administration. Chloroquine had the same effects on DNA and lysosome pH of malarial parasites.Conclusions: The antimalarial mechanism of benflumetol is directly related to its effect to inhibit the synthesis of DNA.

Objective To evaluate mid-term(5-6 years)clinical and radiographic outcomes of cementless acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty(THA)and discuss the factors affecting postop- erative effect.Methods THA with cementless acetabular was used to treat 139 cases(148 hips)from January 1998 to May 1999.A retrospective study was done to analyze clinical effect and X-ray manifesta- tion of 109 cases(116 hips)that were followed up.Clinical evaluation was based on Harris hip score. The radiographical evaluation was performed according to orthotropia and lateral images of hip joint to ob- serve acetabular migration and bone changes around the hip and measure the polyethylene wear rate and direction of the acetabular polyethylene wear.Results The mean Harris score before operation was 44 points(10-70 points)but that after operation increased to 92.4 points(80-100 points)at latest follow up.Radiographical evaluation showed one hip with focal osteolysis,mean linear wear rate of 0.15 mm/ year and mean 10.4?for angle with vertical line.Abduction angel of the acetabula was mean 46?,with 10.5 mm for vertical distance and 8.7 mm for level distance.There was no revision of a fixed acetabulum component because of pelvic osteolysis secondary to polyethylene wear.No acetabular component was re- vised because of aseptic loosening or acetabular component migration at the latest follow up.Conclu- sions Cementless acetabular prosthesis in THA can successfully have good fixation.A long term follow up for cementless acetabular prosthesis is necessary because of potential factors like polyethylene wear and osteolysis.

In this study, ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs were taken as an example to explore methods for knowledge organization of TCM ancient books. The features of herbal knowledge in ancient books were systematically analyzed. The concept type and semantic relation of herbal knowledge in ancient books were defined. Based on the original data of ancient herbal books, the knowledge organization of analysis, concept classification and association were formed, in order to discuss the knowledge service mode of TCM ancient book based on knowledge organization.

Objective The solution for the cross-platform of visualizing human meridian acupoints by three-dimensional (3D) virtual technology was explored based on existing researches to improve interactive method.Methods 3D virtual technology was utilized to construct a 3D visualization model of human meridians and acupoints.The cross-platform 3D visualization system was realized by integrating the existing relevant standards and clinical knowledge.Results The system can visually and dynamically show the meridians and acupoints of human body.Moreover, it can reveal the details including part meridian circulation, the spatial structure of acupoints, etc which fail to be reflected by the real acupuncture model and two-dimensional (2D) planar chart.Meanwhile, the system can be employed to realize the visualization interaction between meridians model and human beings, and the multi-screen cross-platform user scenarios in the whole network.Conclusion It is expected to be widely applied in fields, such as teaching of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), scientific research, science popularization, etc.