BACKGROUND: Disturbance of mitochondrial fission and fusion (termed mitochondrial dynamics) is one of the leading causes of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury. Previous studies showed that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) conferred cardioprotective effect against myocardial I/R injury and suppressed I/R-induced excessive mitophagy in cardiomyocytes. However, whether ALDH2 participates in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during myocardial I/R injury remains unknown. METHODS: In the present study, we investigated the effect of ALDH2 on mitochondrial dynamics and the underlying mechanisms using the H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) as an in vitro model of myocardial I/R injury. RESULTS: Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly increased after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R), and ALDH2 activation largely decreased the cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Additionally, we found that both ALDH2 activation and overexpression significantly inhibited the increased mitochondrial fission after OGD/R. Furthermore, we found that ALDH2 dominantly suppressed dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) phosphorylation (Ser616) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (Thr172) but not interfered with the expression levels of mitochondrial shaping proteins. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate the protective effect of ALDH2 against cardiomyocyte H/R injury with a novel mechanism on mitochondrial fission/fusion.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of Radix bupleuri from different producing areas and make a comparison by using grey correlation analysis(GRA)and principal components analysis(PCA).Methods: Fifteen samples of Radix bupleuri were collected from different producing areas.The percentage of total ash, acid-insoluble ash, extract, saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d of Radix bupleuri from different habitats were determined.The grey correlation quality evaluation model was built for Radix bupleuri from different producing areas and the results were compared with those of PCA.Results: According to the grey correlation analysis on components in the different batches of Radix bupleuri , the samples from Shaanxi province were the most highly correlated with the optimal reference sequence (0.79), which suggested the best quality.Radix bupleuri Fructus from Hebei province was the most poorly correlated with the optimal reference sequence (0.23), which showed the worst quality.The results were basically identical with those of PCA, indicating good repeatability and stability.Conclusion: Grey incidence degree method and the established Radix bupleuri quality evaluation models can be used to evaluate the quality of Radix bupleuri .

The insufficient fund is the"bottleneck"factor restricting the development of the general practitioner education and training in China.The article attempts to investigate how to found a scientific and effective mechanism so as to provide the thinking for transforming the current status.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of basic immunization with different sequential immunization programs of oral live attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine(OPV)and inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine(IPV). Methods Infants above two months of age residing in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,were selected for the study,and the basic immunization program of OPV full course(O-O-O group),sequential IPV and OPV(I-I-O group),and IPV full course(I-I-I group)were administered at 2,3 and 4 months of age,respectively. Relevant adverse reactions were proactively monitored by the parents of the participants via completing their own self-observation form after immunization. Before and after immunization,blood samples were collected from the upper arm vein,and the serum was separated. The neutralizing antibody levels of poliovirus in serum were measured by micro neutralization test,and the antibody positive rate and geometric mean titer(GMT)were calculated. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to research the effects of group,gender,household registration,birth mass and positive rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲ antibody before immunizationon the positive rate of type Ⅰ/Ⅲ antibody after basic immunization. Results There were one case of lethargy and one case of crying in O-O-O group, one case of lethargy in I-I-O group,and one case of crying in I-I-I group. The GMTs of type I neutralizing antibody in the pre-immunization O-O-O group,I-I-O group,and I-I-I group were 41. 39,8. 21,and 12. 56,and those of type Ⅲ neutralizing antibody were 7. 57,4. 02 and 8. 08,respectively. There was no significant difference in GMT between groups for typeⅠandⅢneutralizing antibodies before immunization(F = 2. 815 and 0. 608,P = 0. 061 and 0. 545,respectively). The positive rates of type Ⅰ antibody before immunization were 24. 04%,34. 07% and 41. 00%,respectively,with significant difference between groups(χ~2= 13. 459,P = 0. 001). The positive rates of type Ⅲ antibody were 13. 94%,9. 89% and 18. 00%,respectively,with no significant difference(χ~2= 5. 188,P = 0. 075). After immunization,the GMTs of type Ⅰ neutralizing antibody were 1 311. 84,1 812. 59 and 833. 24,and those of type Ⅲ neutralizing antibody were 911. 97,1 752. 68 and 419. 50,respectively,with significant differences between groups(F = 76. 848 and 202. 632,respectively,each P < 0. 001). After immunization,the positive conversion rates of type Ⅰantibody were 98. 56%,100% and 100%,and those of type Ⅲ antibody were 99. 04%,100% and 99. 44%,respectively,with no significant difference between the two groups(χ~2= 2. 973 and 1. 045,P = 0. 122 and 0. 789,respectively). In addition,group,gender,household registration,birth mass and positive rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲantibody before immunization had no effect on the positive conversion rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲantibody after basic immunization. Conclusion All three sequential immunization programs achieved good safety and high antibody positive conversion rates after basic immunization.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of biofeedback electrical stimulation in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence(SUI) and discuss the clinical significance.Methods Daily therapy for 40 min through biofeedback electrical stimulation along with pelvic muscle exercises was performed in 36 cases of female SUI for 20 days as a course of treatment.The curative effect was evaluated as regular intervals.Results In the 36 cases,26 caces were cured,5 caces were improved and 5 caees were invalid.The total effective rate was 86.1％.In the follow-up visit,there was 1 case of relapse(2.8％ ) but with moderate symptoms.Conclusion Biofeedback electrical stimulation combined with pelvic muscle exercises,as the therapy for mild and moderate female SUI,was a safe,reliable,feasible,convenient and effective clinical method with high curative ratio.

Hepatitis B virus ( HBV) serological markers are common indicators for clinical diagnosis of hepatitis B.Qualitative anajysis of the markers is usually used in the diagnosis of HBV infection.while quantitative analysis is helpful to predict virological response of anti-virus therapy.Sometimes HBV serological markers will give unusual serological profiles,which make technicians and clinicians confused.This review discusses how to correc(t)ly report and explain the results of HBV scrological markers and how to apply the markers correctly for clinicians to analyse HBV infection status.

Application of standard materials in clinical laboratory medicine plays an important role in assuring result concordance between different reagents, methods and clinical laboratories. This article provides an overview of the correct classification, selection and application of standard materials for clinical laboratory medicine.

Objective To evaluate the effect of enteral nutrision (EN) containing dietary fiber complex (DFC) on intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with experimental colitis. Methods Ninety six SD rats were induced into ulcerative colitis by acetic acid enema.than were divided into 3 groups. The rats in group C received non-DFC nutrison, while the rats in group Tl or group T2 received soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) of the EN with different proportion (1:2 or 1:3, respectively). At the first-, third-,fifth- and seventh-day after the EN, the concentration of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in plasma were detected and intestinal samples were obtained to observe the changes of intestinal mucosa. Results At the third-,fifth- and seventh-day,the D-lactate concentration and the DAO activity in plasma significantly reduced in group Tl and T2 when compared with group C (P<0. 05) , but there was no statistical difference between group Tl and group T2. The scores of histological damages of colon in the group Tl and group T2 decreased in comparison with group C at all time points (P < 0. 05). However, the scores of histological damages of colon significantly decreased in group T2 when compared with group Tl at day 5 and day 7 (P <0. 05). Conclusion EN containing DFC may reduce the intestinal permeability of colitis in rats, which has a protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier. While different proportions of the SDF or IDF ratio result in different effects on the mucosal protection. This protective effect will be enhanced by increasing the ratio of IDF in a certain scale.

A considerable proportion of patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) require postoperative adjuvant therapy,postoperative radiotherapy is an important part of the treatment,this article review the role and value of postoperative radiotherapy for NSCLC patients in recent years.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect and some related fators of the improved lacrimal duct flushing technique for the adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis in the primary hospital.Methods Fifty -seven adult patients (fifty -seven eyes) with chronic dacryocystitis received the improved lacrimal duct flushing treatment.Fifty -seven patients were divided into two groups according to the first time to see a doctor and receive the improved lacrimal duct flushing treatment cooperated with drug application and assistant therapies.The effect and safety of the treatment and some related factors were analyzed.Results There was no statistical difference between the overall efficency of the two groups(A group 76.2%,B group 72.2%,χ2 =0.108,P =0.987 >0.05).The innero-cular pressures showed no statistical difference between pre -treatment and 1 month after treatment(the pre -treat-ment innerocular pressure:18.470,the post -treatment innerocular pressure:18.512,t =-0.315,P =0.754 >0.05).The correlation analysis between the conditions of lacrimal passages and treatment effect(r =0.814,r2 =0.663,P =0.002 <0.05),between the germiculture of the discharge of lacrimal sac and treatment effect(r =0.814, r2 =0.663,P =0.000 <0.05) showed statistical significance.Conclusion The improved lacrimal duct flushing technique cooperated with drug application and assistant therapies is safe and well effective to the adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis in the early stage.