Abundant evidences indicate a role of GABAergic system in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric dis-orders. GABAA receptors modulators have been long used in clinical. But the unwanted side-effect and risk of drug dependence have limited their use. With the increase understanding of the role of individual GABAA recep-tor subtypes in the pathology of these diseases, the subtype-selective GABAA receptors modulators and the multi-compound therapy may serve as potential therapeutic strategies. Here we review the researches which revealed the involvement of GABAA receptors in anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, and the research for new development in subtype-selective GABAA receptor modulators.

BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) bacteremia is an increasingly common and often fatal nosocomial infection. Identification of morbidity and mortality risk factors for AB bacteremia in emergency department (ED) patients may provide ways to improve the clinical outcomes of these patients. METHODS: The records for 51 patients with AB bacteremia and 51 patients without AB infection were collected and matched in a retrospective case-control study between 2013 and 2015 in a singlecenter ED. Risk factors were analyzed by Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression statistical models. RESULTS: A signifi cant risk factor for morbidity was the presence of a central venous catheter (CVC) (P<0.001). The mortality rate for the 51 patients with AB bacteremia was 68.6%. Risk factors for mortality were the presence of a CVC (P=0.021) and an ED stay longer than two weeks (P=0.015). CONCLUSION: AB infections lead to high morbidity and mortality. The presence of a CVC was associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients with AB bacteremia. Avoiding CVC insertions may improve outcomes in ED patients with AB bacteremia.

Glaucoma is a group of irreversible blind eye diseases with specific optic nerve damage and visual field defect. Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is vital for prognosis, but difficult in clinical practice. Macular ganglion cell complex thickness(mGCC) consists of the inner three layers of retina:retinal nerve fiber, ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers, which is glaucoma target tissue so to be measured the thickness of the mGCC as better indicator for early diagnosis in glaucoma. Optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) is a non-contact, good repeatability technique to obtain fast high- resolution images from the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, and it has been widely used in ophthalmology. Spectral- domain ( SD ) OCT allows a higher image resolution and can measure the thickness of mGCC thickness, providing new parameters for the early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ginger-partitioned moxibustion in improving blood flow velocity in lower limbs of post-stroke patients.Methods Ninety post-stroke patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 45 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by ginger-partitioned moxibustion, while the control group was by conventional acupuncture. Before and after intervention, the blood flow velocity in lower limbs, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) were evaluated.Results After 4-week treatment, the maximum blood flow velocity (Vmax) was significantly changed in the treatment group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in comparing the Vmax between the two groups after intervention (P<0.05); the NIHSS and MBI scores were significantly changed after intervention in the treatment group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in comparing MBI score between the two groups after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusions Ginger-partitioned moxibustion can accelerate the blood flow velocity in lower limbs of the post-stroke patients, improve blood circulation and the activities of life.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Dry Socket ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Mandible ; Molar, Third ; microbiology ; surgery ; Surgical Wound Infection ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Tooth Extraction ; adverse effects ; Tooth, Impacted ; microbiology ; surgery

Objective To determine the prevalence of dental anxiety in children patients before tooth extraction.Methods　A modified Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and Venham's clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperative behavior were used in 150 children patients ranging in age from 5 to 12 years olds before tooth extraction. The former scale was answered by parents on behalf of their children, and the latter ratings was assessed by the author. Results　CFSS-DS scores and clinical ratings of behavior of the children were significantly higher in the children whose oral hygiene condition, dental experience, tooth extraction experience, spirit status on that day and whose mother's educational background were bad or low. A step regression analysis showed that oral hygiene condition had most significant interrelationship with both of the two scales（P＜0.01）. The correlation of the two scales was high (r=0.67).Conclusion　Children’s oral hygiene condition, dental experience, tooth extraction experience, spirit status on that day and their mother’s educational background are closely related to the dental anxiety level. Oral hygiene condition is the most important predictor of anxiety level before extraction and clinical ratings of behavior during extraction.

Existing antidepressants exhibit delayed onset of action,which can decrease the compliance of the patients and enhance the risk of suicide.How to produce early-onset antidepressants with higher efficacy and lower adverse reactions has become a crucial point in the research of antidepressants.It has been demonstrated that selective 5-HT1Aantagonist,?2 antagonist and 5-HT2Aantagonist can accelerate the response of classic antidepressants.Furthermore,5-HT/NE dual reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT/NE/DA triple reuptake inhibitor can also produce early onset of action.Here,several reasons for the delayed onset of action and the progress in the development of early-onset antidepressants are reviewed.

AIM: To observe the efficacy of intravitreal injection with ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema ( ME ) secondary to macular branch retinal vein occlusion( MBRVO) .
METHODS:A retrospective analysis included 33 patients (33 eyes) with ME secondary to MBRVO were taken. All patients received intravitreal injection of 0. 5mg ranibizumab ( 0. 05ml ) at first visit. The continue PRN treatment and laser photocoagulation were based on the visual acuity changes and optical coherence tomography findings. The changes of best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) , central macular thickness( CMT) , and amplitude density and latency of P1 wave in mfERG were observed before treatment and 6mo after treatment.
RESULTS: Before the treatment, logMAR was 0. 68±0.35, 6mo after treatment was 0. 34±0. 23, BCVA was improved obviously ( P < 0. 01 ), BCVA in 21 patients ( 63.64%) were improved in two rows among all the patients. CMT before treatment was(487. 30±63. 58) μm, after treatment was(238. 84±52. 66) μm(P<0. 01). The amplitude densities of P1 wave in ring 1, ring 2 and ring 3 after treatment were significantly increased(all P<0. 01), and the latencies were decrease ( all P < 0. 05 ). The conjunctival hemorrhage was observed in 2 eyes after treatment.
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection with ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for ME secondary to MBRVO can reduce the CMT and improve visual function.

Aim Toinvestigatetheeffectofbencyclo-quidium bromide(BCQB)on mucus MUC5AC expres-sion induced by lipopolysaccharide in cultured human nasalepithelialcells(HNECs).Methods Primary culture of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs)was randomly divided into control group (C,with no treat-ment),LPS group (LPS,with LPS 1 mg · L-1 added in),BCQB low dose group(BCQBL,with LPS 1 mg· L-1 and BCQB 10 -8 mol·L-1 added in),BCQB mid-dle dose group(BCQBM,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and BC-QB 10 -7 mol·L-1 added in),BCQB high dose group (BCQBH,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and BCQB 10 -6 mol· L-1 added in)and ipratropium bromide group(IB,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and IB 10 -6 mol·L-1 added in).Af-ter incubation at 37 ℃with 5% CO2 for 24 h,the ex-pression of MUC5 AC mRNA was detected with Real-time PCR and the expression of MUC5 AC protein in HNECs was detected with Western blot,while the ex-pression of MUC5 AC protein in supernatant was detec-tedwithELISAineachgroup.Results Ascompared with control group,the expression of MUC5 AC mRNA and protein increased significantly in LPS group (each P<0. 01 ).As compared with LPS group,the expres-sion of MUC5 AC mRNA and protein decreased signifi-cantly in each group of BCQB(P<0. 01,P<0. 05), and there was no statistical difference between BCQB high dose group and control group (each P>0. 05 ). Conclusion Bencycloquidiumbromidecansuppress MUC5 AC expression induced by LPS in cultured hu-man nasal epithelial cells,indicating that BCQB may be a new drug for nasal mucous hypersecretion diseases.

This article,in view of the research status and development tendency of hospital core competence,introduced the index selection process and constructed the evaluation index system of core competence.This system comprises 3 level-1 indexes (social reputation,hospital health resources and development potential)and 9 level-2 indexes,with recommendations on improvements of the existing system.