Objective To establish a method for determination of trace lead in drinking water by intermittent flow HG-AFS was developed. Methods The conditions for K3Fe(CN)6-KBH4-HCl system of generation of PbH4 were optimized and interference of coexisting ions were tested. Results The fluorescence signal of blank solution was decreased evidently by treating K3Fe(CN)6 with activated carbon and the detection limit was effectively improved. The interference of coexisting ions could be suppressed in some degrees in the presence of K3[Fe(CN)6]. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of this method was 0.10 ?g/L and RSD(n=6) was in the rang 0.4%-3.8%. The recovery rate was 95.0%-112.0%. Conclusion This method was accurate, simple, sensitive and suitable for determination of trace lead in drinking water.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status of counterfeit in China and indicate the difficultie of identification.METHODS:The main characteristics of counterfeit drugs were discussed by representative cases.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:It is suggested that the department of the drug administrave should establish a more scientific,reasonable standardization procedure of conterfeit drugs identification aiming directly at the characteristics of counterfeit drugs,which was more sufficient,intensive and practicable legal evidence for defining,fighting and preventing counterfeit drugs.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin decoction and Wuling powder combined with routine western medicine therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3.Methods A total of 65 patients with CKD stage 3 were recruited and randomized into a treatment group (32 cases) and a control group (33 cases).On the basis of the same routine western medicine therapy,the patients in the treatment group was treated with Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin decoction and Wuling powder,while those in the control group was treated with ketosteril.All patients were treated for one month.Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and uric acid before and after treatment.The therapeutic effect was compared between the two group.Results The serum ereatinine after treatment in the treatment group was significantly decreased than that in the control group (387.52 ± 92.13 mol/L vs.502.78 ± 117.35 mol/L;t=4.395,P＜0.01).The total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (87.5％ vs.42.4％;X2=12.533,P＜0.01).In respects of syndrome improvements,tiredness/weakness (90.6％ vs.48.5％,x2=11.637),waist soreness/leg weakness (90.0％ vs.35.5％;x2=17.040,P＜0.01),anorexia and tympanites (93.3％ vs.37.9％;x2=17.802,P＜0.01),loose stool (93.1％ vs.25.8％;x2=25.219,P＜0.01),anasarca (84.6％ vs.41.7％;x2=8.214,P＜0.01),pale and teeth-printed tongue (76.7％ vs.26.7％;x2=13.081,P＜0.01) in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group.Conclusions Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin decoction and Wuling powder combined with routine western medicine therapy can improve the renal function and syndromes in patients with CKD stage 3.

Glaucoma is a group of irreversible blind eye diseases with specific optic nerve damage and visual field defect. Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is vital for prognosis, but difficult in clinical practice. Macular ganglion cell complex thickness(mGCC) consists of the inner three layers of retina:retinal nerve fiber, ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers, which is glaucoma target tissue so to be measured the thickness of the mGCC as better indicator for early diagnosis in glaucoma. Optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) is a non-contact, good repeatability technique to obtain fast high- resolution images from the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, and it has been widely used in ophthalmology. Spectral- domain ( SD ) OCT allows a higher image resolution and can measure the thickness of mGCC thickness, providing new parameters for the early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the leptin level and neonatal weight and the expression of leptin in placenta. Methods The concentrations of leptin in 100 maternal blood and umbilical blood of the term pregnant women were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). According to the neonatal weight to divide into the large for gestational age (LGA) group 19 cases, the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group 65 cases, the small for gestational age (SGA) 16 cases. The level of leptin mRNA in 41 placental tissue was examined by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results (1) The expression level of leptin mRNA in placenta was 0 97?0 04, which was positively related to the neonatal weight significantly ( r =0 43, P 0 05).(3)The concentration of leptin in umbilical blood was (7 58? 5 15) ?g/L, which was positively related to the neonatal weight ( r =0 57, P

Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Proteomics ; methods ; trends ; Viral Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Viruses ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism

In order to explore the effect of flipped classroom in theoretical teaching of biochemistry,lipids metabolism was selected to carry out four stages flipped classroom.The teaching effect of flipped classroom was evaluated by test and questionnaire survey of students.The results indicated that most undergraduate students could accept novel teaching method.However,the consciousness and the ability of students' independent learning need to be further improved.It also takes time for the students to adapt to the transition from traditional teaching to flipped c1assroom.In summary,the specificity of Biochemistry may limit the carrying out of flipped classroom to some extent.Therefore,which kind of teaching method is adopted depends on the biochemistry theoretical content.Our work may provide some references for further application of flipped classroom in biochemistry teaching.

Objective To study the subchronic toxicity of fipronil in rats and to protect and improve the environment and human health. Methods 80 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,20 in each groups (10 males and 10 females). The rats were treated with fipronil by gavage,in doses of 25,10,4,0 mg/kg,once a day,10 ml/(kg?d),for 90 consecutive days. The test method was according to GB15670—1995. Results The acute toxicity symptom of rats in high dose showed that cachexia,dull,hair floppy. No acute toxicity symptoms were found in the moderate and low dose groups. No significant difference was found in the serum and urine routine test indexes. Liver index increased significantly in the high dose(25 mg/kg)and moderate dose(10 mg/kg) exposed rats. The activity of aspartateaminotransferase (AST) in the serum increased only in male rats. No significant changes in indicators were found in the low exposed rats. The histopathologic examination showed that in the high and moderate dose groups,in the liver,spot and focus necrosis,the hepatocytes around central veins became bigger and cloudy swelling,some hepatocytes presented ballooning degeneration. No obvious pathological change was seen in the low dose group. Conclusion Fipronil has a toxicity to the liver,based on 90 day oral toxic test in rats,no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is 4 mg/(kg?d).

[Objective]To evaluate the outcome inforation provided by two scoring systems after operative treatment of elementary posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.[Method]Thirty-two patients with elementary posterior wall fracture of the acetabulum were included in the study.Functional outcomes were assessed with use of the eight health dimensions of the short form(SF)-36,and clinical outcomes were evaluated with use of the modified Merle d' Aubign? score.The SF-36 scores were compared with previously reported normal values and the correlation was analyzed between the modified Merle d' Aubign? score and score of each SF-36 health dimension.[Result]The mean modified Merle d' Aubign? score was 16.28 (range 13-18,SD 1.3),indicating overall good-to-excellent clinical results.However,all SF-36 health dimensions were significatly lower than the expected forms,with a significant statistical difference(P

Objective To determine the effects of organic extracts of drinking water on female mice reproductive system.Methods The Kunming female mice were randomly divided into4groups,one as reagent control group,the other three as treated groups,15female mice per group.The treated groups were treated with the organics extracted from the chlorinated drinking water by the solid phase extraction at the doses of12.5,25and50L/kg respectively,once a day,continuously for5d.The pathological changes of ovary were observed by optical microscopy.Results At the10th day after treatment,the number of intermediate follicles andⅡatretic follicles in ovary in the treated group significantly increased,especially the number ofⅡa-tretic follicles in25L/kg group,which was10times as high as that in the control group.At the30th day after treatment,the number of normal follicles revealed no significant changes,the number ofⅡatretic follicles in the25and50L/kg group was still significantly higher than that in the control group,the number of corpora lutea in ovary significantly decreased with the in-creases of doses.The estrous cycle delayed at the level of50L/kg.Conclusion The organic extracts from drinking water had adverse effects on the female reproductive system by affecting the development and maturity of the follicles.