Objective:The study is to compare the prevalence and related factors of suicidal ideation in ado-lescents between China and Philippine.Methods:Our research data was downloaded from the website of world health organization (WHO).It was the data of China and Philippine from the Global school-based student health survey(GSHS)which was launched by the WHO,and 9173 students in China and 7338 students in Philippine aged 11 -16 years were involved.The situations of being serious injury,being bullied,sense of loneliness,insomnia, sense of hopelessness,friends,smoking,alcohol consumption,drug abuse and exercise were assessed by the ques-tionnaire.The definition of suicidal ideation was that ever thinking of suicide seriously in the last 12 months.Results:The rate of having suicidal ideation in China and Philippine were 17.4% (1544 /8881 )and 19.3% (1371 /7089),respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that female (OR =1.45),grade two and three of middle school (OR =1.29,1.43),being serious injury (OR =1.35),being bullied (OR =1.87),sense of loneliness (OR =1.47),insomnia (OR =1.55),sense of hopelessness (OR =3.36),alcohol consumption (OR =1.45)and drug abuse (OR =1.55)were the risk factors to suicidal ideation in China adolescents,and having good friends (OR=0.66)and exercise regularly (OR =0.78)were the protective factors.However,the female,grade,sense of lone-liness,insomnia and drug abuse were not the risk factors to suicidal ideation in Philippine adolescents,and other fac-tors were similar to China sample.Conclusion:There may be differences in the prevalence rate of suicidal ideation between adolescents in China and Philippine,with lower rate in China.Meanwhile,there are similarities in the relat-ed factors on the adolescent suicidal ideation of the two countries,with more risk factors in China sample.Therefore,the individualized targeted measures should be taken to prevent suicide in China and Philippine respectively.

To study the chemical constituents from the bark of Myrica rubra, fourteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical properties and spectroscopic data, as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol (1), myricanol (2), myricanone (3), myricanol 11-sulfate (4), myricitrin (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-rhamnoside (7), tamarixol (8), uvaol (9), ursolic acid (10), taraxerol (11), myricadiol (12), β-sitosterol (13) and β-daucosterol (14). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, named as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol, compounds 8, 9 were isolated from the genus Myrica for the first time.
Diarylheptanoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Myrica ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Bark ; chemistry

Objective To observe whether the dopaminergic neuroprotective effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is associated with its inhibition of microglial cell activation in vivo. Methods The effects of EGCG at different doses on dopaminergic neuronal survival were tested in a methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury model in the primary mesencephalic cell cultures. With unbiased stereological method, tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-ir) cells were counted in the A8, A9 and A10 regions of the substantia nigra (SN) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated C57BL/6 mice. The effect of EGCG on microglial activation in the SN was also investigated. Results Pretreatment with EGCG (1 to 100 μmol/L) significantly attenuated MPP+-induced TH-ir cell loss by 22.2% to 80.5% in the mesencephalic cell cultures. In MPTP-treated C57BL/6 mice, EGCG at a low concentration (1 mg/kg) provided significant protection against MPTP-induced TH-ir cell loss by 50.9% in the whole nigral area and by 71.7% in the A9 region. EGCG at 5 mg/kg showed more prominent protective effect than at 1 or 10 mg/kg. EGCG pretreatment significantly inhibited microglial activation and CD1 1b expression induced by MPTP. Conclusion EGCG exerts potent dopaminergic neuroprotective activity by means of microglial inhibition, which shed light on the potential use of EGCG in treatment of Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVETo understand the features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and the results of clinical follow-up study in 8 infants and children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) complicated with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) who were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital during the outbreak of HFMD in 2008.

METHODSThe clinical characteristics of the 8 HFMD cases were investigated, and MRI findings were analyzed. The recovery of their impairment in limbs was followed up for three months.

RESULTSAll the 8 cases showed poliomyelitis-like syndrome. MRI of spinal cord showed unilateral or bilateral hyperintense lesions which chiefly occurred in the anterior horn regions of the spinal cord (C(2)-C(7) or T(12)-L(1)) on T(1)/T(2)-weighted images. Lesions of spinal cord chiefly occurred in T(12)-L(1). Most of the cases showed mild paralysis, which occurred in more than half of cases in single lower extremity. The patients who had acute paralysis of single lower extremity recovered faster than those with paralysis of four limbs.

CONCLUSIONSIn HFMD with AFP cases, MRI of spinal cord showed unilateral or bilateral lesions in the anterior horn regions of the spinal cord (C(2)-C(7) or T(12)-L(1)) on T(1)/T(2)-weighted images. AFP may be to some degree reversible in HFMD cases. MRI can directly and completely show the range and degree of changes associated with AFP in HFMD cases, thus provide instructive suggestions to its treatment. The acute paralysis of HFMD cases may be benefited from earlier treatment for AFP.

Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; complications ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Paralysis ; etiology ; pathology ; Spinal Cord ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Jingling oral liquid (JLOL) in treating infertile patients with varicocele after varicocelectomy.

METHODSSixty patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 30 patients in the treated group treated by JLOL, and the 30 in the control group treated with intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropine (hCG).

RESULTSThe pregnant rate of patient's wife in the treated group was 76.6%, while that in the control group was 40.0%, showing significant difference between them (P < 0.05). The quality of semen was improved in both groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the improvement was better in the treated group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The reproductive hormones were also improved in both groups (P < 0.01). In the treated group, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and zinc in semen increased, and that of cadmium decreased after treatment, as compared with those before treatment, the difference was significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONJLOL could improve and regulate the reproductive hormone disturbance in infertile patients with varicocele after varicocelectomy, enhance their quality of semen and sperm to increase the pregnancy rate of their spouses.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Postoperative Care ; Semen ; chemistry ; Sperm Motility ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Varicocele ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Zinc ; metabolism

Objective:To discuss the change of ferritin ( Fn) and ferroportin expression quantity and time-related feature in the alveolar macrophages of mice , infected with different virulence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infected .Methods:The prepared bacte-ria of H37Rv or BCG were injected intravenously into the mice tails .On the day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, the lavage fluids were collected and the alveolar macrophages were obtained from each group of mice .The expression of FPN and Fn were detected with ELISA and /or Western blot analysis .Results:The expression of Fn in the group of either H 37Rv or BCG infected mice was decreased on the day 7, 9 and 11, and was lowest on the day 7, which showed significantly statistical difference compared to that on the other days (P<0.05).The expression of FNP in the infected mouse macrophage was decreased gradually , which was obvious on the day 5. The expression levels reached to the lowest on the day 7 and 9.The expression was much lower than that in the negative control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The expression of Fn and FPN in macrophages isolated from lungs of mice infected with Mycobacterium tu -berculosis H37Rv or BCG become decreased , and there is no difference between these two infected mouse groups .

Objective To explore the correlation between Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MTB ) PhoPR two-component system and drug resistance of MTB clinical isolates widespread in Xinjiang region by analyzing the expression of PhoP gene and PhoR gene among different isolates .Methods Total RNA of MTB was extracted from drug-susceptible strains , the strains only resistant to a single first-line anti-TB drugs (INH, RFP, SM and EB) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, respectively.The purity of total RNA was checked by agarose gel electrophoresis .The expressions of PhoP gene and PhoR gene were quantified by using SYBR Green I qRT-PCR and the differences of their gene expression in different isolates were ana-lyzed.Results Compared with the drug-susceptible strains of MTB, the expression of PhoP gene was up-regulated for about 1.48 times in MTB strains resistant to RFP (RFP-MTB) and 2.74 times in MDR strain (P<0.05).Compared with MDR strain, the expressions of PhoP gene in the isolates resistant to INH (IN-HMTB), RFP (RFP-MTB), SM (SM-MTB) and EB (EB-MTB) were down-regulated for 0.70, 0.50, 0.25 and 0.21 times respectively.The expressions of PhoR gene were down-regulated for 0.36, 0.54, 0.35 and 0.19 times, respectively (P<0.05).The expressions of PhoR gene in the isolates of INH-MTB, RFP-MTB, SM-MTB and EB-MTB were up-regulated for 6.33, 4.56, 2.34, 1.85 and 9.06 times, respectively as compared with the drug-susceptible strains (P<0.05).Conclusion Significant differences of PhoR gene and PhoP gene expressions were observed among drug-susceptible strains , INH-MTB, RFP-MTB, SM-MTB, EB-MTB and MDR strains.Therefore, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis PhoPR two-component system is asso-ciated with the drug resistance of MTB strains prevalent in Xinjiang region .

Objective To evaluate the influences of statin treatment on MR vessel wall imagingobserved characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque in the thoracic aorta of the elderly.Methods Elderly subjects (≥ 60 years) without any serious cerebro-cardiovascular diseases were recruited.Thoracic aorta was imaged on MR scanner for all the subjects.The plaque burden was calculated quantitatively,the composition of plaque in thoracic aorta was evaluated qualitatively,and the contributions of statin treatment to these characteristics were also compared by image interpretation personals.The thoracic aorta was divided into three segments (AAO:ascending aorta;AOA:aortic arch,and DOA:descending aorta)on the imaging.Results Totally 55 recruited subjects had atherosclerotic plaque in thoracic aorta,with 24 subjects receiving statin treatment,and 50 ％ (12/24) male,aged 73.8±6.3 years.The level of LDL C[(2.4±0.7)mmol/L vs.(3.1±0.8)mmol/L(P＜ 0.01)]and total cholesterol[(4.4±0.6)mmol/L vs.(5.1 ±1.0)mmol/L(P＜0.01)]were significantly lower in statin group than in non-statin group.The lumen area,wall area,and total vessel area in all three segments of thoracic aorta were significantly smaller in statin group(all P＜0.05)than in nonstatin group.The average wall thickness in segment of AOA[(2.7±0.3)mm vs.(2.8±0.4)mm(P＜0.01)]and DAO[(2.5±0.4)mm vs.(2.6±0.5)mm(P＜0.01)]were smaller in statin group than in non-statin group.The incidence rate of intraplaque hemorrhage / mural thrombus [6 cases (25.0％) vs.8 cases(25.8 ％)]in thoracic aorta was a little lower in statin group than in non-statin group,with no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusions Statin treatment decreases LDL-C level,reduces the burden of atherosclerotic plaque in thoracic aorta,and maintains the atherosclerotic plaque stability.

DNA hydrogels,combining the features of both DNA and hydrogels macromolecules,are endowed with the biologi?cal characters of DNA and the framed structure of hydrogels skeleton.Currently,most DNA hydrogels can achieve sensitive response to temperature,pH,light,and small molecule stimuli,by introducing specific groups or sequences into their backbone.Therefore, the functional properties of DNA hydrogels can be further improved.In this review,we introduce the mentioned stimuli-response DNA hydrogels,as well as their applications in drug controlled-releasing,targeted cancer therapy,biosensor and others.Finally,the pros?pects in the development of DNA hydrogels are also mentioned.

Objective To observe the effects of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)on mortality and complications in patients with persistent dysphagia after stroke using a points scoring system for selecting PEG indication.Methods A total of 75 patients were divided into low score group without PEG,high score group without PEG and low score group with PEG (n=25 each).The follow-up period was 18 months,and the differences in complications,mortalities and survival periods among groups were compared.Results The number of times of aspiration pneumonia was (1.36± 1.44) in low score group,(1.96±2.28) in high score group,(0.36±0.64) in low score group with PEG,with statistically significant differences among three groups (H=7.148,P=0.028).No difference in the morbidity of aspiration pneumonia was found between low score group and high score group (P=0.189).The number of times of aspiration pneumonia was decreased in low score groups after PEG versus in low score group without PEG (P=0.030) and in high score group (P＜0.01).The numberof times of gastrointestinal hemorrhage was (0.48± 0.77)in low score group,(0.64± 0.91) in high score group,(0.12±0.33) in low score group with PEG,with statistically significant differences among three groups (H=5.532,P =0.063).No statistically significant difference in gastrointestinal hemorrhage was found between low score groups and low score group after PEG (P=0.430),as well as between low score group and low score group with PEG (P=0.079).The morbidity of gastrointestinal hemorrhage was lower in low score group than in high score group (P=0.012).The survival rate at the observation end was 88.0％ (22/25),52.0％ (13/25) and 92.0％ (23/25) in low score group,high score group and low score group with PEG,respectively,with statistically significant difference among the three groups (x2 =7.906,P =0.001).Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the survival period were longer in the low score group with or without PEG than in high score group (P＜0.01),but no statistically significant difference was found between low score groups with or without PEG (P=0.626).Conclusions The reasonable evaluation using a points-scoring system before PEG might predict the prognosis of such patients:the higher score would indicate higher mortality.PEG operation for low score group with better condition could decrease the aspiration pneumonia and decrease gastrointestinal hemorrhage significantly,but could not prolong general survival time and decrease general mortality.