Objective To investigate the risk factors for heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was made from 340 cases of pregnant women with heart disease in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2013. The pregnant women who presented heart failure were categorized in the observation group (n=65), and others were in the control group (n=275). Data was used to analyze by univariate and multivariate logistic regression for heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. Results The total 340 cases of heart disease included 132(38.8%) of congenital heart disease, 86(25.3%) of rheumatic heart disease, 63(18.5%) of arrhythmia, 33(9.7%) of hypertensive heart disease and 26(7.6%) of peripartum cardiomyopathy. 65 cases (65/340, 19.1%) presented with heart failure, there were 4 cases resulted in death (1.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35, the baseline parameters of New York Heart Academy (NYHA)≥Ⅱ, pulmonary artery pressure>50 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), baseline heart rate>100 bpm, cardiac events occurred before pregnancy were the independent risk factors for heart failure. Prenatal counseling and antenatal examination were the protective factors for heart failure. Conclusions There are a variety of influencing factors for the heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. It is necessary to take targeted intervention measures in response to the influencing factors so as to reduce the development of heart failure.

Four fresh corpses of infant are used in this research. Three-dimensional microvasculatures of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node were studied by means of the observation of vascular casts with SEM. The results showed that the vascular bed of the sinoatrial node was consisted of the microvascular networks. It was oval in shape. The central artery penetrated this node, through its longitudinal axis and divided progressively into arterioles and precapillary arterioles and finally, they branched into capillary networks at the superficial part of the node. The postcapillary venules were characterized by draining blood in accordance with area. The microvascular construction of atrioventricular node was an oblate microvascular network in shape. There was a layer of delicate capillary networks at its superficial part. In the depth of the capillary networks, the venous plexus which was thick and sinusoidal in shape was observed through the meshes. The artery of atrioventricular node entered the node from one side of it. In the node, the artery ramified by degrees to periphery into precapillary arterioles, which penetrated venous plexus and connected with capillary networks in the superficial part of the node. There were evidently narrow rings, whick were impression of the muscle sphincters at the origin of thep ostcapillary venules.

[Objective] To observe the pharmacological action of Ganoderma Lucidum Brewage (GLB) in decreasing blood lipid. [ Methods ] Eighty rats were randimized into 8 groups: blank control (Group A), model ( Group B) high-dose GLB ( Group C), moderate-dose GLB ( Group D), low-dose GLB ( Group E), Ganoderma Lucidum Decoction (Group F), Ganoderma Lucidum Capsule (Group G) and Xuezhi Kang (Group H). So did the mice. Hyperlipidemia mouse models and rat models were induced by yolk and high-fat diet respectively. Effect of GBL in various doses to decrease blood lipid was observed in the two kinds of hyperlipidemia models and was compared with that of Xuezhi Kang, Ganoderma Lucidum Decoction and Ganoderma Lucidum Capsule. [Results] GLB could decrease the serum contents of triglycerides and cholesterol both in model mice and model rats (P

Objective: To study the action of Zhongjiangweiling Capsule (Fructus Amoni, Cortex cinnamoni, Rhizoma Alpiniae officinarum Radix Glycyrrhizae) on the experimental gastric ulcer. Methods: Area of ulcer, gastric juice volume, acidity and pepsin output were measured on experimental gastric ulcer models induced by the ligated pylorus and burned acetic acid and i.p Reserpine in rats. Results: Zhongjingweiling Capule showed to be able to reduce areas of ulcers, gastric juice volume, acidity and pepsin output. Conclusion: Zhongjingweiling Capsule had antiulcer effect in rats.

Shenfukang is an effective formula for glomerulonephritis applied in the first affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM. It is composed of Radix Folium seu Flos Tripterygii wilfordii, Radix Astragali seu Hedysari, Radix Notoginseng, Herba Leonuri, etc.. Glomerulonephritis rat model was induced by cationized bovine serum albumin (C-BSA) according to Border's method and was used to observe the pharmacological action of Shenfukang. The results showed that Shenfukang can eliminate urine protein, increase the levels of serum protein, albumin (A), globulin (G) and A/G ratio, and decrease the contents of serum cholesterol, creatinine and urea nitrogen. It can also counteract the increase of plasma TXB 2 and the decrease of plasma 6-keto-PGF 1? . LD 50 of Shenfukang for mice is 174.34?36.74?g/kg which is much larger than that of Tripterygium wilfordii (29.73?6.46?g/kg for female mice and 101.74?10.93?g/kg for male mice). It is indicated that Shenfukang exerts a protective effect on renal function and reduces toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) is usually highly expressed in tumor cells,and can promote tumor growth.HIF-1α is correlated with tumor condition,the diagnosis and the prognosis.Therefore,HIF-1α can be used for tumor treatment in the level of transcriprion,pro-transcriprion and target.It is possible to improve the treatment efficiency,and to lengthen patients lifespan.

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch(HES,200/(0.5)) on the brain of hemorrhagic-shocked rats.METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(group A),hemorrhagic shocked group(group B),whole blood return group(group C),HES at 2x shed blood volume(SBV) group(group D),HES at 1x SBV plus 1/2 SBV group(group E).Hemorrhagic Shock was induced by intermittently withdrawing blood from an iliac catheter.Except group A and B,the other groups were resuscitated with different liquids and lasted 30 min after 1h for shock.The extent of brain edema and inflammatory cells infiltrating was observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining,and the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-?B) in the rat brain and translocation of nucleus were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blot method.RESULTS: Except the sham group,there were brain edema and inflammatory cells infiltrating in the other groups,which was more obvious in group C and D.The expression of NF-?B in the rat brain was significantly increased in group B and other groups as compared with those in group A(P

Objective To explore the current status of sexual education and real needs of college freshmen in Kunming.Methods By applying random sampling,350 students from three universities in Kunming were investigated by seff-administered questionnaire,and 310 valid questionnaires were recovered.Fesults 23.9％ students confirmed that the schools do not provide courses related to sexual health,and 22.9％ of the surveyed students claimed that they even did not heard any sexual education courses in their schools.The main sources of students to acquire information in terms of sexuality and sexual health are network television,video magazines,friends and classmates.Both male and female students are more acceptable to carry out sex education lectures.There were significant differences between male and female students in the form of obtaining sexual education,the content of sexual education and the demand of sexual education in three aspects (P＜0.05).Girls tend to carry out sexual education in the form of major courses,but boys tend to the form of playing video or distributing books and periodicals (P＜0.05).Girls tend to obtain the courses on sexually disease,AIDS,heterosexual intercourse,or love psychology,but boys tend to contraceptive knowledge and skilIs,or Sexual value orientation (P＜0.05).Girls are more likely to acquire the knowledge of masturbation,sexual health,or sexual health,but boys prefer to the knowledge of sexual psychology,parasexuality,or homosexuality (P＜0.05).Conclusion As a main body of educational institute for young people,all universities should provide training courses related to sexuality and sexual health at the early stage of higher education in order to equip college students with essential knowledge and skills to have safer and positive impact on their college studies.

BACKGROUND: There are many drawbacks with hormone replacement therapy for menopausal syndrome. The blood levels of 5-HT and norepinephrine are lower. Fluoxetine hydrochlorde(ProzacR) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor which is widely used in treating anxiety and depression,OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of combined antidepressant and estrogen therapy compared to estrogen alone in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome in this prospective open study.DESIGN: Randomized comparative study.SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University PARTICIPANTS: From November 2003 to December 2004, 60 female patients with diagnosed menopausal syndrome of 3-12 month duration, aged (46±3) years, from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled into the study after giving their informed consents. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups with Group 1 (n=30) receiving a combination of antidepressant + estrogen and Group 2 (n=30) receiving estrogen only.METHODS: Patients in Grgup 1 received fluoxetine hydrochloride (ProzacR) 20 mg orally every morning plus oral estradiol 1 mg once every two weeks for 2 months. Patients in Group 2 received only oral estradiol 1 mg once every two weeks for two months. Patients were not taking any other drug during the treatment period. At the end of two month treatment all patients were evaluated with the following 3 assessment tools: ①female menopausal symptom evaluation with the following 4 categories: Complete symptom relief, markedly improved, improved and no effect. Overall efficacy was defined as 50% symptom improvement. ② Hamilton Depression Scale which reflects energy level and psychosomatic factor of sleep and anxiety. ③Menopause index: Which are description of clinical evaluation and adverse effects; this would help to assess the safety of using both drugs in treating the menopausal syndrome.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: female menopausal symptom assessment, hamilton depression scale, and menopause index.RESULTS: ① In female menopausal symptom assessment group 1 showed better results in the complete relief and markedly improved scores. ②Hamilton Depression Scale group 1 also showed better scores than Group2(In Groupl, the scores at week 1 to 8 were 25,18,15,10,8,5,5,4 respectively ,in Group 2, the scores at week 1 to 8 were 25,17,15,14,13,12,13,13 respectively). ③ Group 3 showed a significant better score in the menopausal index with improvement in sleep disorder, anxiety and depression than Group 2 (In Group 1 the scores at week 1-8 were 32,22.5,15,15,14,15,15,14 respectively,In group 2, the scores at week 1 to 8were 33,21,16,14,13,12,13,13 respectively) ,there was no significant difference of incidence of adverse events as compared with Group 3 .CONCLUSION: Combined therapy of fluoxetire hydrochlarde(PROZAC)plus estrogen showed better efficacy in the treatment of menopausal syndrome than estrogen alone.

ObjectiveA comparison between intragate and ECG-respiration triggered techniques was performed to determine their differences in measuring the structure and function of the heart at 7.0 T.MethodsTen normal ICR mice aged five to six weeks were examined on a 7.0 T MR scanner.A central slice with papillary muscle included at the short-axis view was scanned with a FLASH-cine bright blood sequence,FLASH-cine black blood sequence,IG-FLASH-sat-cine black blood sequence,and IG-FLASH-cine bright blood sequence.The area of the left ventricle of the end systole and end diastole ( including and excluding the myocardium) was measured with manually outlined ROIs.The increased area of the left ventricle and the myocardium from the end systolic to end diastolic phases was calculated.The signal intensity was measured from 8 ROIs which were evenly located at the myocardium of the end systole,and the mean and standard deviation were then determined.The coefficient of variation ( CV ) was derived by dividing the mean into the standard deviation.ResultsThere was no significant difference ( the increased area of the myocardium t =0,P =1,the increased area of the left ventricle t =2.12,P =0.06) in the function index between the ECG-triggered black blood sequences [the increased area of the myocardium (0.100 ±0.018) cm2,the increased area of the left ventricle (0.060 ± 0.024) cm2] and intragate black blood sequences[the increased area of the myocardium (0.090 ± 0.014) cm2,the increased area of the left ventricle (0.060 ±0.012) cm2].No significant difference(the increased area of the myocardium t =1.56,P =0.15,the increased area of the left ventricle t =2.08,P =0.07 ) in the function index was observed between the ECG-triggered bright blood sequences [the increased area of the myocardium ( 0.100 ±0.018) cm2,the increased area of the left ventricle(0.060 ±0.014) cm2]and intragate bright blood sequences [the increased area of the myocardium (0.090 ±0.019) cm2,the increased area of the left ventricle (0.050 ±0.015) cm2].Furthermore,there was no significant difference(t =1,P =0.34) in the CV of the myocardium signal intensity of bright blood sequences between the ECG-triggering ( 0.050 ± 0.013 ) and intragate (0.040 ± 0.015 ),but significant difference ( t =4.51,P =0.001 ) in the CV of the myocardium signal intensity of black blood sequences between the ECG-triggering ( 0.070 ± 0.033 ) and intragate ( 0.160 ± 0.046 ) was obtained.ConclusionsThe intragate sequences could take the place of the ECG gate sequences in functional analysis of the heart( including bright blood and black blood sequences).The bright blood intragate sequences also could replace the bright blood ECG-triggered sequences in analyzing the signal of the myocardium.