As a clinical diagnosis and treatment of low back pain,straight leg raising test has been used most commonly more than 100 years.It is simple and practical,and has a high clinical value.As a very mature orthopedic special examination,straight leg raising test progress in non-orthopedic applications more often than orthopedic aspects.Of course,the most important thing is the diagnosis of low back pain,followed by the treatment of low back pain,and then can be used as a respiratory and circulatory aspect of diagnosis and treatment options.This article elaborated the principle of straight leg raising test and the clinical research progress in order to give the clinician some guidance.

Objective To investigate the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on postoperative psychosocial adaptation in breast cancer patients. Methods 120 breast cancer patients were divided into two groups by random number table:58 cases in the observation group and 62 cases in the control group. They all received routine nursing care and the observation group also received acceptance and commitment therapy intervention, including acceptance, cognitive diffusion,being present, self as context, values and committed action. Psychological and Social Adaptation Questionnaire for Breast Cancer Patient (PSAQ-B) was used to investigate their psychosocial adaptation before and after the intervention. Results The intervention group was observed in patients with anxiety/depression, self-esteem and self-acceptance, attitude, sense of belonging, self-control and self-efficacy score was respectively (30.14 ± 5.08), (31.68 ± 5.77), (30.03 ± 5.35), (33.68 ± 5.56), (32.86 ± 5.63) points, the control group were (23.75 ± 3.68), (28.87±4.86), (26.12 ± 4.53), (29.18 ± 5.26), (29.06 ± 4.75) points, the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (t = 6.016- 6.540, all P < 0.05). Conclusions Acceptance and commitment therapy can effectively improve the psychosocial adaptation status in breast cancer patients after surgery to help improve their quality of life.

Objective: To establish an experimental model of atherosclerosis in rats and to study the atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta,heart and liver.Methods: The rats in experimental groups were injected with a single dose of vitamin D (600 000 IU/kg) and loaded with high fat diet;control group was given saline and basic food.The pathological changes were observed in the aorta,heart and liver after 2,4,6 weeks.The scores were evaluated according to the pathological degrees.Results: No changes were observed after 2 weeks,but after 4 weeks atheroslerotic plaques were seen in the aorta and the score of the lesions were 0.50?0.39; a little lipid were found in coronary arteries;deposition of lipid was seen in the myocardium; many positive red pellets were found in the plasma of cells in the liver.After 6 weeks,more atheroslerotic plaques were observed in the aorta,and atheroslerotic plaques in coronary arteries were formed (pathological score 1.12?0.48); abundant positive red pellets were found in the plasma of the cardiac myocyte.The pathological changes occurred in rats were very similar to that of man.Conclusion: The experimental model of atherosclerosis in rat may be conveniently established by injection of vitamin D with loading of high fat diet,which can be used for the pathological and pharmacological study of atherosclerosis.

Many studies have shown that chronic inflammation occurs in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is well known that long-term administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can alleviate the cognitive decline of AD patient and elderly. Several inflammatory cytokines produced in the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) are closely related to inflammatory diseases. Lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases (COXs) play a crucial role in the AA network, the products eicosanoids have an important impact on the progression of AD. Although there are many arguments and conflicting evidence, currently LOXs and COXs are still the hot topics in the research on AD pathogenesis and drug development. Here, we review the progress in research on COXs and LOXs, including their actions on CNS and their association with AD, and explore the feasibility of LOXs and COXs as targets for the drugs to prevent and/or treat AD.
Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; prevention & control ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Arachidonic Acid ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 1 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Lipoxygenases ; metabolism ; Prostaglandin H2 ; metabolism ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; metabolism

Objective To study the expression of multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1) and MRP2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with intractable epilepsy (IE).Methods During Nov.2010 to Oct.2013,50 children with I E were collected as the experimental group,simultaneously 50 children with epilepsy controlled by the anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and 50 healthy children without epilepsy were collected as the control group from the outpatient or inpatient of Xuzhou Children's Hospital.The expressions of MRP1 and MRP2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Results 1.The mean relative expression of MRP1 and MRP2 mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with IE (0.795 ± 0.042,0.804 ± 0.023) were higher than those in epilepsy controlled by AEDs (0.682 ± 0.030,0.675 ± 0.021) and healthy children without epilepsy (0.665 ± 0.031,0.654 ± 0.029) (all P ＜0.001).2.The mean relative expression of MRP1 and MRP2 protein in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with IE (2.027 ±0.034,1.902 ±0.021) were higher than those in epilepsy controlled by AEDs(1.131 ±0.042,1.086 ± 0.027) and healthy children without epilepsy (1.093 ± 0.023,1.045 ± 0.018) (all P ＜ 0.001).3.There was no difference in the expression of MRP1,MRP2 mRNA and proteins between the children with epilepsy controlled by AEDs and healthy children without epilepsy (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions MRP1 and MRP2 over-expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with IE may be associated with drug-resistance mechanism for medically intractable epilepsy.

This study is to investigate the protein and mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in U937 foam cells and effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on the cytokines.U937 cells were cultured with different concentrations of GbE (0.1,1,and 10 μg·L-1),and stimulated by 100 mg·L-1 oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 24 h.The expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in culture solution were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The results showed that incubated with 100 mg·L-1 ox-LDL for 24 h,the U937 cells became foam cells,the protein or mRNA expressions of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-10,and its receptor IL-10R in U937 foam cells were higher markedly than those in normal U937 cells.When the cells were pretreated with GbE (0.1,1,and 10 μg·L-1),the increases of IL-1β and TNF-α in U937 foam cells were remarkably inhibited,but IL-10 expression increased greatly.Especially when cells were pretreated with 10 μg·L-1 GbE,the protein and mRNA expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α were markedly lower than those in U937 foam cells.The protein expression of IL-10 and mRNA expressions of IL-10 and its receptor IL-10R were markedly higher than those in U937 foam cells.GbE inhibited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α,but up-regulated the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and its receptor IL-10R in U937 foam cells,which might be related with its anti-atherosclerotic actions.

Objective To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Cefdinir compared with other four antimicrobial agents against common isolates in vitro.Methods Minimal lnhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were determined by agar dilution method Results Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) showed highest susceptibility to Cefdinir with 100% susceptible rate, Streptococcus pneumoniae (including PSSP and PISP) showed higher susceptibility to Cefdinir with 63 6% 100 0% susceptible rate Hemophilus influenza and Moraxelle catarrhalis both showed good susceptibility to three kinds of cephalosporins and Azithromycin Klebsiella pneumoniae (including ESBLs positive strains) were resistant to three kinds of cephalosporins, while ESBLs negative Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive to three kinds of cephalosporins, with 73 10%~88 50% susceptible rate Conclusion Compared with other four antimicrobial agents, Cefdinir has a powerful antibacterial activity to pathogen from respiratory tract infections

0.05).Conclusion: For teeth with perforation in root canal therapy,the Propex,Raypex 5 and Root ZX electronic apex locators can detect the perforation with high accuracy.

Objective Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technology combined with Heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP) method were used to qualitatively analyze the volatile oil of fructus lycii (Lycium barbarumL.)Methods With the best temperature-programmed chromatographic condition, overlapping peaks among the total ion chromatogram were separated. Then an automatic mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) was used to identify volatile components comprehensively. Finally, the pure chromatographic peaks were matched with NIST 05a mass spectra library for giving the precise qualitative result. Results Totally, 29 compounds in fructus lycii (Lycium barbarum L.) were identified accurately.Conclusions Compared with the traditional qualitative analysis method, the new established method which GC-MS technology combined with HELP could get tremendous advantages. It not merely enhanced the accuracy of identification but also solved the bottleneck of handling the inseverable compounds.