Objective To evaluate the effect of enteral nutrision (EN) containing dietary fiber complex (DFC) on intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with experimental colitis. Methods Ninety six SD rats were induced into ulcerative colitis by acetic acid enema.than were divided into 3 groups. The rats in group C received non-DFC nutrison, while the rats in group Tl or group T2 received soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) of the EN with different proportion (1:2 or 1:3, respectively). At the first-, third-,fifth- and seventh-day after the EN, the concentration of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in plasma were detected and intestinal samples were obtained to observe the changes of intestinal mucosa. Results At the third-,fifth- and seventh-day,the D-lactate concentration and the DAO activity in plasma significantly reduced in group Tl and T2 when compared with group C (P<0. 05) , but there was no statistical difference between group Tl and group T2. The scores of histological damages of colon in the group Tl and group T2 decreased in comparison with group C at all time points (P < 0. 05). However, the scores of histological damages of colon significantly decreased in group T2 when compared with group Tl at day 5 and day 7 (P <0. 05). Conclusion EN containing DFC may reduce the intestinal permeability of colitis in rats, which has a protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier. While different proportions of the SDF or IDF ratio result in different effects on the mucosal protection. This protective effect will be enhanced by increasing the ratio of IDF in a certain scale.

Objective To investigate if apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide(As_2O_3)on bladder cancer T24 cell line is related to the alteration of protein kinase C and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (PKC-cAMP)and its possible mechanism.Methods Apoptosis was studied by TUNEL method.Radio- immunoassay and enzyme immunoassay methods were used to detect the PKC-cAMP alteration in apoptotic process.The expressions and activation of caspase3 were observed by immunocytochemical method and Western blot.Results Atter 24-h drug treatment,the cell apoptosis induced by different concentrations of As_2O_3 was detected by TUNEL method.In control group,the apoptosis rate was 0.86%;PKC level was 2.55 pmol?min~(-1)??g~(-1);cAMP concentration was 22.56 pmol/ml;the expression rate of caspase3 was 8.01%.Compared with control group,the apoptosis rates of 5?mol/L and 10?mol/L As_2O_3 groups increased 8.51-fold and 13.33-fold,respectively;PKC Level decreased 59.22% and 64.71%,respectively;cAMP in- creased 5.34-fold and 4.23-fold,respectively;expression rates of caspase3 increased 3.96-fold and 6.76- fold,respectively.The differences were significant(P＜0.05).Compared with As_2O_3 groups,apoptosis rates of 5?mol/L and 10?mol/L As_2O_3+100nmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-aectate(PMA)groups decreased 40.22% and 45.58%,respectively;PKC increased 1.00-fold and 0.76-told,respectively;cAMP decreased 8.37% and 31.46%,respectively;expression rates of caspase3 decreased 51.09% and 65.03%,respective- ly.Activation of caspase3 was detected in As_2O_3-treated groups and As_2O_3+100 nmol/L PMA-treated groups;and activations of caspase3 in PMA-treated groups were weaker than those in As_2O_3-treated groups. Conclusions The antitumor mechanism of As_2O_3 may be the induction of bladder cancer T24 cell apopto- sis by decreasing PKC and increasing cAMP level.

Multimodal fundus imaging techniques, based on lights and shadows, appear to have a rapidly great progress in recent years.Fundus imaging techniques are divided into anatomical approaches and functional approaches according to the working characteristics and principle of different instruments.Nowadays, fundus imaging techniques are developing toward a wide field, microview, multimodal, quantitative, and intelligent way.However, to our knowledge, the fundus is very broad with many unexplored territories and unsolved mysteries until now.The road of clinical industrialization of emerging imaging techniques is still long, and there is also a potential challenge in the application of artificial intelligence deep learning in ophthalmology.Multimodal fundus imaging techniques are beneficial for us to accurately diagnose and dynamically monitor eye diseases, but with so many examination methods, how to choose a highly sensitive and specific way to avoid the waste of medical resources and reduce unnecessary financial burden of patients is the responsibility of ophthalmologists.

The rational drug use of elderly patients with chronic diseases had many problems which seriously affect the live and life safety of patients.To convey the importance of rational drug use from the perspective of humanistic care for patients can help to improve the treatment compliance of patients,promote the ability of self-management and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.Medical staff should pay attention to enhance the care for the elderly patients,optimize drug treatment programs,improve diversified social support systems and use various medium and forms to propaganda the knowledge of rational drug use.

The theory of ascending and descending activities of qi is one basic theory that guides diagnosis and treatment of disease clinically. It has been esteemed by ancient physicians throughout their academic thinking and clinical diagnosis. As a kind of unbalanced disease in the whole body, the basic internal mechanism of tumor formation may be caused by unbalanced ascending and descending activities of qi. Better clinical efficacy is liable to get by applying the theory of ascending and descending activities of qi in cancer treatment. Therefore, we hope to provide a reference for clinicians from the following aspects: historical status and academic value of the theory of ascending and descending activities of qi, case examples and classical prescriptions.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Qi

As a characteristic tumor therapy in China, Chinese medicine (CM) plays an important position in comprehensive treatment of tumor. It's a critical issue of objective realization, analysis and evaluation of CM safety for scientific decision-making in tumor safe medication and it also is a pivotal issue which affects the international communication. The safety evaluation of CM includes three phases: pre-clinical safety evaluation, clinical trials (micro-dose studies and traditional clinical trials) and post-marketing CM safety assessment. The key point of evaluation should be distinguished among different stages and various types of CM (such as classic formulas, Chinese herbal extracts, etc). Emphasis should be given to chronic toxicity when evaluating oral Chinese herbal , microdose studies and quality control must be underlined while injection is evaluated and more attention should be pay to the dose-effect relationship and time-effect relationship when turned to toxic Chinese medicine , and so as for the toxicity grading study. Moreover, we should constantly improve CM safety assessment method in various stages of tumor treatment, such as introducing the concept of syndrome classification theory, bringing in metabonomics and real-world research method which are similar to the CM therapeutic concept. Most importantly, we must keep its own feature of CM theory when we learn the concept of safety evaluation from abroad. Actively exploring the anti-tumor medicine safety evaluation methods and strategies is of great significance for clinical and experimental research, and it can provide supportability platform to CM's international communication.
Animals ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; methods ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Safety

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of gasless laparoscopy for totally extraperitoneal(TEP) hernia repair.Methods Between April and August 2007,totally 82 patients with inguinal hernia received TEP in our hospital,in 30 of them the surgery was completed with gasless laparoscopy,while in the other 52,pneumoperitoneum was used for the operation.The operation time,medical cost,hospital stay,complications,and follow-up data of the two groups were compared.Results The gasless group had a longer operation time [(65.3?19.4) min vs(43.6?21.9) min,t=4.501,P=0.000],but less medical cost [(6186.7?1283.7) RMB vs(8391.8?850.8) RMB,t=-9.347,P=0.000].No significantly difference was observed in the hospital stay and rate of complications between the two groups [(2.1?0.8) d vs(1.8?0.9) d,t=1.513,P=0.134;and 6.7%(2/30) vs 5.8%(3/52),?2=0.027,P=0.870].Conclusion Gasless laparoscopy is effective and safe for totally extraperitoneal(TEP) hernia repair.

Objective To reveal the effects of circadian gene Per2 on growth of human lung cancer cell A549 cell and its mechanism. Methods pcDNA3.1(+)-Per2 was transfected into A549 cells and controlled with the vector pcDNA3.1(+). The expression of Per2 was confirmed with RT-PCR and western blot. The Inhibitory effect of Per2 on cell growth and proliferation was demonstrated with MTT assay and colony-forming assay. Apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Results The circadian gene Per2 exhibited a growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inductory effect on A549 cells. Conclusion The results indicate that Per2 may inhibit A549 cell proliferation,which mechanism might involve cellular apoptosis.

Objective To study the effect of specific hammerhead ribozyme (Rz) to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vitro. Methods Rz 1 Rz 2 were designed to cleavage at 5′-NCR nucleotide positions under 136～160 and 313～337, Rz 3 was designed to cleavage at C region nucleotide position under 373～388. As a control, cleavage deficient Rzm that have A→G point mutations in the catalytic loop of the hammerhead domain. 32P-labeled transcript of target HCV RNA was incubated with gel-purified Rz ( Rz 1, Rz 2, Rz 3 and Rzm ) respectively at different concentration based on specified condition and autoradiographed after denaturing gel-electrophoresis. Results Except Rzm, Rz 1 Rz 2 Rz 3 were active at 37 ℃ and more so at higher concentration, and more so with cleavage site nearly to the HCV initial code. Conclusions The HCV specific hammerhead ribozyme can be designed in vitro, further study about cleavage in vitro and in vivo will continue.