ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to investigate more effective ways in postgraduate academic training and research management by analysis of the scientific papers published in graduate school period.MethodsThe categories,quantity and quality of the scientific papers published by postgraduate students in Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from 2001 to 2010 were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe quantity of papers published by postgraduate students has been stably improved year by year,and the quality of the papers has shown an obvious tendency of increasing.ConclusionsAn outstanding research capability of the whole institute,the strict demand of supervisors and the reasonable encouraging systems in scientific research management are all the guarantee of the improvement of academic research ability of postgraduate students in Beijing Neurosurgical Institute.

The essay discussed the necessity and essentiality of medical moral education to intern,in the background of market-oriented economy.To summarize ways of medical moral education to intern.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH), also known as hemophagocytic syndrome(HPS), is a hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by multiple etiologies.Interferon-γ(IFN-γ)has been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of HLH, and antibody against IFN-γ(emapalumab)can be used to treat HLH.Here, the findings on the role of IFN-γ in pathogenesis and emapalumab in treatment of HLH are reviewed respectively.

Adult ; Asthma ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Female ; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sputum ; cytology

Data management service abroad provided by subject librarians in biomedical field for scientific researchers, and the model, contents and efficiency of subject librarians-provided biomedical research data management service in NIH were analyzed according to the need for scientific research data management service in biomedical researchers . The enlightenments of biomedical research data management service abroad on the subject service in our library were elaborated .

Aim To investigate the effect of intracerebroventricular morphine postconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat heart and the mechanism of the central nervous system opioid receptor.Methods Forty-two Sprague-Dawley Rats were established intracerebroventricular catheter placement and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models and randomly assigned to 7 groups:Sham group(Sham),control group(CON),intravenous control group(VCON),morphine postconditioning group(POC),intracereborventricular morphine postconditioning group(MOC).According to the dosage of intracerebroventricular morphine(3 ?g?kg-1,0.3 ?g?kg-1,0.03 ?g?kg-1),MOC group was assigned to three groups :MOC 1,MOC 2,MOC 3.Infarct size(IS),a percentage of the area at risk(AAR) was determined by triphenyltetrazolium(TTC) staining.c-fos expression in nucleus of tractus solitarius was determined by immunohistochemical method and Cardiac TroponinI(cTnI) of serum was observed at 120 min of reperfusion.Results Compared with control group,IS,IS/AAR and cTnI were significantly reduced in POC and MOC groups(P0.05).c-fos expression in nucleus of tractus solitarius were significantly reduced in MOC 2,POC(P

BACKGROUND:Animal experimental studies have confirmed that cell transplantation,neurotrophic factor infusion or transplantation as well as other methods can alter the local environment of injured spinal cord and promote its partial function recovery. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for the treatment of the sequel of myelitis,and to explore whether it would promote the recovery of the spinal cord function. DESIGN:A non-randomized self-control study. SETTING:Ward of Second Department of Surgery of Taian Disabled Soldiers Hospital of Shandong Province. PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-two patients with obsolete myelitis,who come from all over China and suffered from disease for 0.5 to 7 years,admitted to our hospital between June 2004 and July 2007 were recruited in this study.The involved patients,including 21 males and 11 females,were aged 5-48 years.Their neurological functions were not obviously improved after various conventional treatments and limb function exercise.Meanwhile,various sensorimotors and autonomic nerve functional impairments were left.Among the patients,18 suffered from acute viral myelitis,8 from acute purulent myelitis and 6 from tuberculous myelitis.After onset,they were all given large doses of radiosonde, dexamethasone,anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs and various neurotrophic drugs.Twenty-six patients presented complete injury and six patients incomplete injury.Informed consent of treatment was obtained from each patient.The therapeutic protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital.Embryonic olfactory bulbs were harvested from aborted embryo,which was donated voluntarily by the patients or their relatives. METHODS:Cells were isolated from embryonic olfactory bulbs,cultured and purified for 7 to 14 days,and finally they were digested into single-cell suspension.Under the surgical miscroscope,the cells were transplanted onto the regions which were above or below the spinal cord injury site.Two weeks to 2 months postoperatively,neurological function of spinal cord was assessed by using the American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)Scoring Standard formulated in 2000,and was compared to pre-operation function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Sensory function change.②Motor function change. RESULTS:Half a year to 2 years after olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation,the sensory and motor functions of 32 patients were all obviously improved(motor function:55.72?10.50 vs.51.53?13.41;light touch:69.53?11.68 vs. 63.06?15.98;pain sense:69.50?12.20 vs.64.03?15.0,all P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction (LW)on cognition in PrP-hAβPPswe/PS1ΔE9(APP/PS1)transgenic mice.METHODS LW was adminis-trated with oral for 3 months.The locomotor activity test was performed to investigate the spontaneous motor activity of mice. The Morris water maze test and shuttle box test were performed to investigate the spatial learning and memory and active avoidance response respectively.The Αβ deposits and neuron loss in the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence staining and nissl staining respectively. The flow cytometry was employed to investigate the lymphocyte subsets of the mice.The 3H-thymidine incorporation was performed to investigate the splenocytes proliferation. RESULTS The treatment of LW ameliorated the impairments of spatial learning and memory and active and passive avoidance in APP/PS1 mice. The administration of LW alleviated neuron loss in the brain, suppressed amyloid-β (Αβ) deposits in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. The treatment of LW significantly increased ConA-and LPS-induced proliferation of splenocytes,increased CD3+T cells and CD19+B cells in the spleen lymphocytes and reduced Gr1+cells in APP/PS1 mice.CONCLUSION This data indicated the adminis-tration of LW ameliorated behavioral and pathological deterioration via regulating immune function.

ObjectiveTo investigate the necessary of letting the intelligent knee joint be adaptive to the road terrain and the key technology of knee moment control method. MethodsBased on data from gait analysis and the dynamic model of lower limb,the knee moments while people walking on the path of different terrain were obtained. Terrain identification method was based on the features of electromyography(EMG) signals of the thigh,and the EMG of some muscles was detected. The methods were applied to an intelligent trans-femoral prosthesis developed for tests in the laboratory.ResultsConsiderable variation of the knee moments appeared when people walking on the path of different terrain,as well as that of the features of EMG of some muscles.ConclusionIt is necessary to make the intelligent knee joint be adaptive to the road terrain,and it is possible to be achieved with satisfied motion of the leg and the trajectory of ankle joint by the intelligent transfemoral prosthesis being studied which can identify the features of EMG signals.

Objectlve investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) during perioperative period in the development of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Methods Twenty patients (18 male and 2 female, aged 33-58 yr and weighing 52-73 kg) with ASA Ⅲ or Ⅳ (NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ )undergoing OLT were studied. Blood samples were collected from the central vein for determination of TLR2 expression on PMN and plasma TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations before induction of anesthesia (T1, baseline), at 25 min of anhepatic phase (T2), 3 h (T3) and 24 h after beginning of reperfusion of the allograft (T4). The expression of TLR2 was measured by flow cytometry and the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). The patients were divided into SIRS and non-SIRS group depending on whether the patients developed SIRS or not within 7 days after operation. The diagnosis of SIRS was based on the criteria laid down by ACCP and SCCM in 1992.Results Ten patients developed SIRS within 7 days after operation. There was no significant difference in Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores between the two groups. Compared with non-SIRS group, the TLR2 expression on PMN and the serum IL-1β concentration were significantly increased at T4 and the serum IL-8 concentration was significantly increased at T3 in SIRS group.There was positive correlation between serum TNF-α concentration and TLR2 expression on PMN in SIRS group ( r= 0.607, P ＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR2 on PMN increases significantly at 24 h after beginning of reperfusion of allograft and may play an important role in the development of postoperative SIRS.