Stomach ; Rubber ; Latex

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of orthodontic rubber elastic materials. Latex bands, nylon-covered elastic threads and polyurethane-based elastic modules, delivering 205 +/- 10 grams force at 30mm stretching state were selected and stored separately in 3 environments-air (22+/-3degreesC), distilled water (37+/-1degreesC), or natural saliva (37+/-1degreesC). And, the amount of remaining force and permanent elongation of each sample were measured on Instron at interval of 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks. So the data derived were analyzed statistically. The results were as follows: 1. Force decay and permanent elongation of all materials increased with time lapsed; elastic module, latex band and nylon-covered elastic thread in that order of the amount of force decay; elastic module, elastic thread, latex band in that order of the amount of permanent elongation. 2. Among environmental conditions, force decay and permanent elongation in natural saliva, most increased, and those in air, least increased. 3. There was a negative correlation between force decay and permanent elongation. 4. Force decay and permanent elongation were most affected by the material itself, time and environments in that order. 5. After 24 hours in saliva, the percentage of remaining force in elastic module was 51.9% (107.37grams); in latex band, 83.2%(172.62grams); in elastic thread, 85.0%(179.25grams). After 2 weeks in saliva, the percentage of remaining force in elastic module was 42.9%(88.75grams); in latex band, 74.5%(154.50grams); in elastic thread, 77.6%(163.75grams).
Latex ; Rubber* ; Saliva ; Water

Designed a contrast pinhole detect testing including water leak method, electrical method and improved electrical method, and concluded that the water leak method is most suitable as the arbitration method, and recommended the national standard add the requirement on electrolytic liquid filling volume of electrical test in order to improve detection accuracy.
Condoms ; Latex ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Rubber

It was found that several problems exist in the implementation of GB 7544-2004 in the aspects of requirements of natural latex materials and safety of rubber condom products, microorganisms to be controlled and the packaging and label. As a result, the suggestions were put forward.
Condoms ; standards ; Latex ; Materials Testing ; standards ; Rubber

No abstract available.
Rubber* ; Wettability*

BACKGROUND: Natural rubber latex has become an important health concern in recent years, particularly in risk groups. Atopic dermatitis is well known risk factor for latex allergy, but there is no data or study of latex allergy in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of latex sensitization in atopic dermatitis patients. METHODS: A total of 154 patients presenting with various diseases for allergologic evaluation was studied. A questionnaire-based history was taken, skin prick tests(SPT) with latex glove extract were done. In SPT positive patients, serum total IgE and latex-specific IgE by radioallergosorbent test(RAST) were measured, and a use test was also performed. RESULTS: A total of 77 subjects(50%) was atopic. There were positive SPT reactions to latex in 13/77(16.9%). There were only 7 positive to the latex RAST in SPT positive patients. Except one patient, there were no clinically relevant latex allergy by history and challenge tests. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of latex sensitization in atopic dermatitis patients is quite high(16.9%), and in latex allergy diagnosis, SPT is more sensitive than RAST.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Korea ; Latex Hypersensitivity ; Latex* ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors ; Rubber ; Skin*

Allergy to latex gloves has been described as an unusual complication during labor. However, IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction to natural rubber have recently been identified as an international health problem. In this first case report in Korea, latex anaphylaxis during labor is described in an operating room nurse who has been continuously exposed to latex gloves. Because of the increasing frequency of latex allergy, obstetrician should take care and give more attention to the clinical history, as well as be aware of this possibility especially in high risk groups.
Anaphylaxis* ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Korea ; Latex Hypersensitivity ; Latex* ; Operating Rooms ; Rubber ; World Health

Natural rubber latex is a processed plant product that is manufactured from the rubber tree, Hevea braziliensis. Allergy to natural rubber latex, which contains a complex blend of water-soluble plant proteins, is a major source of concern in clinical practice. Latex is the inciting factor in at least 10 percent of anaphylactic reactions that have been reported during anesthesia. IgE-mediated sensitization to natural rubber latex could induce hypersensitivity reactions ranging from mild contact urticaria to potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis. Because of the ubiquitous use of latex in medical equipment and devices, anesthesiologist should give more attention and to the management of the allergic reactions to latex in high risk groups. We report upon the anesthetic management of a parturient undergoing Cesarean section, in which an allergic reaction to latex developed just after the insertion of latex urethral catheter.
Anaphylaxis ; Anesthesia ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Hevea ; Hypersensitivity* ; Latex* ; Plant Proteins ; Plants ; Pregnancy ; Rubber ; Urinary Catheters* ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: We recently experienced 3 consecutive cases of bile peritonitis due to tract rupture following T-tube removal at about 6 weeks after choledocholithotomy with using a new tube (1.1% silica-filled rubber). These unexpected cases of bile peritonitis have raised questions related to the tube material factor for the rupture. The aim of this study was to compare three kinds of T-tubes [ (100% silicone (SIL), 1.1% silica-filled rubber (SFR), and 100% rubber (RUB) ] from the point of view of fistula maturation as is related to the physicochemical properties of the tube materials. METHODS: SIL, SFR and RUB tubes were implanted into the subcutaneous space in rats. Histologically, the degree of fistula maturation was estimated by an inflammation score, the thickness of inflammation and the fibrosis. The physical properties of the tube materials were estimated by their modulus and elasticity. RESULTS: SFR and RUB tube had no statistically significant difference for the thickness of the inflammation and fibrosis. Yet there were difference in their modulus and elasticity. The modulus, elasticity, thickness of the inflammation and the fibrosis were difference in the SIL versus SFR and the SIL versus RUB. CONCLUSION: There were no statistically significant differences in the degree of fistula maturation between the SFR and RUB tubes. The rubber tube tended to show a more severe inflammatory reaction and better maturation of the fistula. Moreover, the flexibleness of the RUB tube make easy to experience collapse of the tube. The degree of maturation mostly depends upon the chemical property of the tube materials. However, the tract rupture that happens is due to the physical properties rather than the chemical properties of the tube. We recommend RUB for the T-tube to prevent the tube related complication such as tract rupture.
Animals ; Bile ; Choledochostomy ; Elasticity ; Fibrosis ; Fistula* ; Inflammation ; Latex ; Peritonitis ; Rats ; Rubber ; Rupture ; Silicones

The prevalence of rubber allergies has been on the increase along with the greater use of rubber products in daily life, medical, dental and occupational settings. Rubber allergy can be divided into two types, type I immediate allergy to rubber latex and type IV delayed allergic reaction to rubber chemical additives or rubber latex itself. A 43-year-old male admitted for lung cancer. He had complained of pruritic linear erythematous plaque at the contact site on the right forearm in the rubber portion of fluid extension tube after one day. The prick test and the usage test were negative. Patch test with Korean standard patch test, rubber additive series, 'as is' were performed. The results were positive for chemical additives for rubber; tetramethylthiuram disulfide, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, dipentamethylenethiuram disulfide, N-cyclohexyl-4-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, N-cyclohexyl benzothiazyl sulphenamide, morpholinyl mercaptobenzothiazole and 'as is'. We report herein a case of allergic contact dermatitis due to rubber chemical additives contained in the rubber portion of the fluid extension tube.
Adult ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Disulfiram ; Forearm ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Latex ; Latex Hypersensitivity ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Patch Tests ; Prevalence ; Rubber* ; Thiram