Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with percutaneous nephrolithotomy treating for partial staghorn calculi.Methods 84 patients diagnosed as partial staghorn calculi in our hospital were randomly divided into group A and B with each group 42 patients.Patients in group A received the conventional minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the prone position,and patients in group B received the percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the modified Valdivia position.The post-operative stone free rate and complications were recorded.Results The surgery time in group B was longer than that in group A [(106.44±18.46)min vs(83.69±10.29)min],with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).However,the first stone free rate in group B was higher than that in group A(85.71% vs 59.52%,P<0.05),and the blood loss in group B was lower than that in group A [(70.02±9.15)ml vs(87.41±9.89)ml,P<0.05].The common complication of patients in two groups was fever(temperature >38.5℃),but there was no notably difference between the two group(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with the regular percutaneous nephrolithotomy,flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with percutaneous nephrolithotomy treating partial staghorn calculi has the shorter operation time,the less blood volume and the higher first stone free rate.Furthermore,the combination method did not significantly increasing the incidence of patient's complication.

Objective To compare the diagnostic accuracy of conventional urodynamic (CUD) and ambulatory urodynamic monitoring (AUM) in diagnosis of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods Forty women with SUI were prospectively enrolled and performed urodynamic studies after the ICI-Q-SF questionnaire.According to clinical symptoms,patients were divided into three groups:mild,moderate and severe group.Half patients in each groups performed CUD exam,and the other half of patients performed AUM exam.And two micturition cycles were recorded during AUM.Results There were no significant differrences in age,pregnant production times and ICI-Q-SF score between two groups.Three patients with SUI symptoms had negative findings in AUM group and 15 patients in CUD group (P＜0.05).Among women with SUI,1 1 patients had positive findings in AUM group and 2 patients in CUD group (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion AUM can provide objective evidence for the majority of patients with SUI than CUD.

BACKGROUND: Repeated blood transfusion and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) have been previously used to improve anemia following chronic renal failure; however, their clinical applications are extremely limited by various side effects. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of allograft renal transplantation with rhEpo on anemia following chronic renal failure via verieying quality and quantity of some examines. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized grouping animal study was performed in Laboratory of Physiology. Shanxi Medical University from June 2004 to March 2005.MATERIALS: Eighty healthy adult male Wistar rats collected as receptors were injected with doxorubicin hydrochloride (6.5 mg/kg)into caudal vein three times per week for six weeks in total. Right kidney was then exsected to establish model of chronic renal failure. Another 20 newborn Wistar rats (3-4 days old, of both Sexes) were selected as donor. RhEpo (2000 U/mL) was provided by Shangdong Ahua Pharmaceutical Company (batch number-99435). METHODS: 20 adult rats in the control group did not undergo any treatments, and then other 60 adult rats were randomly divided into three groups of 20 rats per group after chronic renal failure modeling. Adult rats in the transplantation group underwent multidrop wansplantation of renal tissue into renal envelop; adult rats in the rhEpo group were intraperitoneally injected with rhEpo (30U/kg) three times Der week for six successive weeks in total; adult rats in the model group did not undergo any treatrnents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: SABC assay was used to detect expression and distribution of rhEpo in reDal tissue and graft. ELISA was used to directly measure level of serum rhEpo in angular vein, routine assay was used to measure level of hemoglobin, and the corresponding kits were used to measure content of Na+-K+ATPaSe. activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD).and level of malondialdehyde (MDA)in erythrocyte membrane. RESULTS: rhEpo-antigen positive reaction showed a strongly positive expression in the control group. a weakly positive or an absent expression in the model group, and a strongly positive expression in the transplantation group. There were significant differences in the model group as compared to other two groups(P＜0.01).After 30,45,and 60 days, rhEpo level and numbers of hemoglobin and erythrocytes were higher in the rhEpo group and transplantation group than those in the model group(P＜0.05-0.01).After 60 days,rhEpo level in the rhEpo group was higher than that in the transplantation group (P＜0.05).On the other hand,after 30,45,and 60 days,MDA content in the rhEpo group and transplantation group was lower than that in the model group(P＜0.05).but there were no significant difeerences between rhEpo group and transplantation group(P＞0.05).Changes of SOD and Na+-K+ATPase were opposite to MDA among these groups.CONCLUSION:Renal transplantation can increase quality and quantity of erythrocytes of rats with anemia caused by chronic renal failure.The eflfect is equivalent to rhEpo.

Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Sanqi), the underground part of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (Araliaceae) is commonly used in Chinese medicine for treatment of haemorrhage, haemostasis, swelling, etc. The aerial part including leaves, flowers and fruits are also applied for similar functions. Triterpenoid saponins are considered to be responsible for the biological activities of Sanqi. Up to date, more than 100 saponins have been isolated from theroots, rhizomes, leaves, flowers and fruits of P. notoginseng. The reported saponins can be classified into protopanaxadiol (PPD), protopanaxatriol (PPT), C17 side-chain varied and other types, according to the skeletons of the aglycons. The present review summarizes the saponins isolated from P. notoginseng and their distribution in different medicinal organs, as well as the pharmacological actions on cardiovascular system.
Animals ; Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the effect of VEGF ASODN in vitro and in vivo on the biological characteristics of human prostate cancer PC3 cells and its effect in xenotransplanted tumors in nude mice by local ASODN injection.MethodsVEGF ASODN was delivered into PC3 cells by Oligofectamine.There were three experimental groups: VEGF ASODN,VEGF ODN and control.Soft agar assay and matrigel invasion assay were used to measure cellular transformation and invasion ability,respectively.Tumor formation assay in nude mice was used to evaluate the effect of VEGF ASODN on proliferation of PC3 cells in vivo.The xenotransplanted prostate tumor model in nude mice was established and the effect of local ASODN injection on the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo was examed.ResultsThe soft agar colony numbers for control,ODN,and ASODN treated cells were 53.67±5.86,52.33±6.43 and 26.00±4.58,respectively (F =13.73,P＜0.01).The numbers of invaded cells for three group were 45.60±5.53,42.35±6.21 and 18.37±3.52,respectively (F =14.18,P ＜0.01).Tumor cells transfected with VEGF ASODN proliferated more slowly than other groups.28 days later after tumor cells were injected into nude mice,the tumor sizes of three groups were (1330.32±81.38) mm3,(1267.64±120.26) mm3 and (641.83±58.34) mm3 (F =17.26,P ＜0.01).After treating the transplanted tumor with VEGF ASODN or control oligos for four weeks,the tumor weight of three groups was (1.25±0.08) g,(1.17±0.06) g and (0.41±0.05) g,respectively.Comparing with control groups,the tumor inhibitory rates of ODN group and ASODN group were 6.4 ％ and 67.2 ％,respectively (x2=17.72,P＜0.005).Conclusion VEGF ASODN could inhibit VEGF expression in PC3 cells and lead to increasing cell apoptosis.After VEGF ASODN treatment,tumorigenesis in vitro is inhibited and cell invasion ability is decreased.The tumors originated from cells transfected with VEGF ASODN grow more slowly than control groups.Also local injection of VEGF ASODN could inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to analyze the screened miRNAs related to the chemosensitivity for the TPF regimen of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by miRNA array, and provide a set of miRNAs that may be useful for the development of novel diagnostic markers and more effective therapeutic strategies from the screened miRNAs.METHODSA total number of 21 patients who underwent TPF induction chemotherapy for primary hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were recruited for miRNA array analysis. 12 patients are sensitive to chemotherapy, and 9 patients are not. Moreover, the selected putative regulated miRNAs were also validated by RT-PCR in another 24 patients (14 patients are sensitive to chemotherapy, and others are not).RESULTSThere were 24 miRNA significantly differencial to the sensitivity to chemotherapy, and 6 miRNAs were up-regulated in the TPF group while 18 miRNA were down-regulated (P<0.05). To identify typical miRNA, mirfocus 3.0 database selected four miRNAs hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4253, hsa-miR-4443, and hsa-miR-193b-3p, which were significant down-regulated in TPF-sensitive group. QRT-PCR further validated that only three miRNA (hsa-miR-4253、hsa-miR-4443、hsa-miR-193b-3p) were under-expressed in TPF-sensitive group of another 24 tissue samples (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONMiRNA hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-4253, hsa-miR-4443 were identified in TPF-sensitive tissues by microarrays, and further validated by RT-PCR. These down-regulated miRNAs may act as novel biomarkers to classify TPF sensitivity of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients and will contribute to the understanding of the molecular basis of the chemosensitivity in the disease.

Objective To study the clinical presentations,radiologic features,prognosis,and possible causes of liver injury associated umbilical venous catheter (UVC ).Methods We reviewed database of our NICU from December 2012 to November 2015 and identified preterm infants with liver injury while UVC in place.The gestational age,birth weight,gender,days of UVC in place prior to liver injury, the depth of UVC (cm),UVC tip position,ultrasound findings of liver injury,laboratory tests,treatment and outcomes were collected.Results During study period,322 infants received UVC insertion.Ten cases (3.1 %)of liver injury associated with UVC were diagnosed.Of the ten infants,nine were diagnosed as extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma,and one was diagnosed as liver hematoma.The mean birth weight was (1184 ±207)g,mean gestational age was (28.5 ±1.7)weeks.The UVC tip was at thoracic (T) vertebrae T 9 to T 11 level,nine UVC tips were below the right diaphragm level.All UVCs were used for total parenteral nutrition before liver injury was diagnosed.Six infants had clinical manifestations,and four infants were free of clinical manifestations.The most prominent clinical signs were abdominal distension (n =5),weak bowel sounds (n =5)and hepatomegaly (n =4).One infant who was diagnosed with liver hematoma also had progressive hemoglobin decline (minimum 34 g/L)and shock.Abdominal ultrasound showed well-limited,irregular,hyperechoic rimmed lesions with heterogeneously hypoechoic centers or anechoic liquid dark space.Extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma will restorate within one week after the UVC was remove.One baby who was diagnosed as liver hematoma passed away at 9 days of life.Liver ultrasound of eight returned to normal in 52 days to 3.5 months,and one had calcified lesions at 9 months of age.Conclusions Liver injury is an unusual complication of UVC insertion and usage.Proper positioning of the UVC tip may help to avoid this complication.Early recognition,prompt diagnosis with liver ultrasound examination and timely treatment can lead to better outcome in newborns with extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma.

Objective To identify the polyreactivity of a monoclonal natural anti-keratin autoantibody 3B4 and to analyze its possible molecular me chanism.Methods enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and immunohistoche mistry were applied to test the binding reactivity of 3B4 against different anti gens and tissues.The variable region genes and their amino acid composition wer e sequenced.Results 3B4 could reacted with a range of antigens and tissues,i n addition to keratin and skin.The variable region genes of its light chain and heavy chain showed high homology with germline genes VK1 am4 and VH1 J558.42.H CDR3 region,which mainly composed of short side chain amino acids(from 294 to 324 nucleotides around the heavy chain),was the only motif that differs from ot her highly homologous immunoglobulin genes.Conclusions The monoclonal natural anti-keratin autoantibody 3B4,with its variable region genes highly homologo us to germline genes,is highly polyreactive.The flexibility of HCDR3 may contr ibute to the polyreactivity.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of intracerebral transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood(UCB) on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) in neonatal rat.Methods Twenty samples of human UCB were collected from healthy full-term newborns.MSCs were isolated from human UCB by density gradient centrifugation and purified by adhere cell selection method.For transplantation,P3 human UCB-derived MSCs were labeled by the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU).Thirty SD rats of 7 d were built for neonatal HIBD model.One rat died and others were divided into transplant group(n=18) and control group(n=11).At the third day after building models,human UCB-derived MSCs were injected into left cortex in transplant group,while PBS of the same volume was injected into the same site in control group at the same time.The seventh day after transplantation,6 rats of transplant group were sacrificed to prepare brain tissue sections.The survival,migration and differentiation of the transplanted cells were investigated by brain tissue immunohistochemical analysis,and nervous function of 2 groups were evaluated by modified neurological severity score(mNSS) on the first,7th,14th,21th and 28th day after transplantation.Results MSCs were isolated from 5 of 20 human UCB samples.Immunocytochemical analysis of brain tissue showed that the transplanted human UCB-derived MSCs could survive and migrate around by the center of transplant site.There were (12.67?2.73)% of MSCs differentiated into astrocyte-like cells.mNSS showed that the score of transplant group was lower than that of control group on the first,7th,14th,21th and 28th day,and the differences of score points between 2 groups on the 14th,21th and 28thday were statistically significant(Pa