Objective To study the treatment effect of linear accelerator radiosurgery (X knife) on trigeminal neuralgia and the complications. Methods Follow-up was conducted in 42 cases of trigeminal neuralgia treated with linear accelerator radiosurgery in our department, and their complications and degree of pain relief were recorded. Results Outcomes were excellent in 14 (33.3%), good in 22 (52.4%), effective in 4 (9.5%) and poor in 2 (4.8%). The mean time of pain relief was 2.1 months. Seven (16.7%) cases experienced increased facial paresthesia. Conclusion Linear accelerator radiosurgery is a precise and effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective Take alkaline ashing method as golden standard to explore the accuracy of chloric acid digestion method in determination of human milk iodine. Methods Sixty one breast milk samples collected in Hexi district of Tianjin was measured by the method for determination of iodine in foodstuff by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (referred to as the alkaline ashing method) published in 2008 and the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry(referred to as acid digestion) published in 1999, respectively. were highly correlated(r = 0.960, t = 26.3, P < 0.01), and the regression equation was (Y) = - 28.1 + 0.808X, in which X was independent variable, that is the results of alkaline ashing method; (Y) was dependent variable, that is the estimated data of chloric acid digestion method. The average difference of the results measured by the two methods was 68.3 μg/L, and the results from chloric acid digestion was 38.9% which lower than that of alkaline samples were diluted by 3,4 and 5-fold and then digested by chloric acid, the liquid clarification rates were 80.3% ashing and chloric acid digestion method were, respectively, 165.4, 110.0 μg/L. Conclusions Compared with alkaline ashing method, the results determined by chloric acid digestion method are significantly lower. It is suggested that there are systemic errors in chloric acid digestion method, which means that alkaline ashing method can not be replaced by the chloric acid digestion method.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pubic Symphysis Diastasis ; surgery

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Insulinoma ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; surgery

ObJective To summarize the microsurgieal techniques through direct Sylvian fissure approach. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 62 patients undergoing microsurgeries through direct Sylvian fissure approach, including 4 with cavernous angioma in the Sylvian fissure, 5 with insular lobe tumors, 33 with middle cerebral artery aneurysms, 15 with glioma spanning or invading the Sylvian fissure, 1 with metastatic tumor, 2 with arteriovenous malformations, and 2 with temporal lobe epilepsy. Results All the vascular lesions were exposed satisfactorily and managed appropriately. Of the 19 cases ofgliomas and metastatic tumors, total resection was achieved in 13 cases, and subtotal resection in 6 cases. Transient aphasia or hemiparesis occurred postoperatively in a few patients but all recovered within 1 or two months. Conclusions The Sylvian fissure provides a good surgical route as a subarachnoid space between the frontal, parietal, temporal and insular lobes. The Sylvian fissure should be carefully separated under the operating microscope with high-power magnification, and tension-free retaction is critical in important language areas. In the management of tumors involving the Sylvian fissure, we recommend that extended resection be performed after exposure and appropriate preservation of important blood vessels in the fissure.

Objective To evaluate the effcacy and side effects of [~(90)Y-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N'"-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)~0,Tyr3]octreotate (~(90)Y-DOTATATE) combined with lysine as a renal protective agent.Methods Twenty-five patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors were confirmed as somatostatin receptor subtype-2 (SSTR2)-positive by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS).Each patient received 1-5 cycles of treatment and the interval between two cycles of treatment was 6-9 weeks.~(90)Y-DOTATATE was administered intravenously within 30 min.Lysine was injected before and after the administration of ~(90)Y-DOTATATE.After each treatment cycle.the side effects were assessed according to National Cancer Institute Grading Criteria(NCIGC).The etticacy was evaluated by the WHO criteria 8 weeks after the last treatment.Results Pattial remission was found in 1 patient (4%).minor response in 3 patients(12%),stable disease in 16 patients (64%)and tumor progression in 5 patients (20%).Two patients suffered from renal functional injuries and 3 patients developed leukocytopenia.Three patients showed nausea while another 3 patients presented vomiting.Conclusions ~(90)Y-DOTATATE in association with lysine may be a promising treatment method for the patients with metastatic and inoperable neuroendocrine tumors.More research work may be directed to reduce renal injury.

Objective To disscus the applicability of three surveillance methods for Aedes albopictus in dengue risk indication. Methods Larval and adult mosquito surveillance were conducted in two villages of Guangzhou by using three vector monitoring methods. Meteorological data and dengue cases were obtained in the same period. Results The population dynamics of larvae and adult mosquitoes were affected by temperature and their overall trend was consistent, but there were differences between the abundance of larvae and adult mosquitoes. From December to February the next year, Breteau index(BI) ranged from 5.66 to 24.53 with a risk of level 1 to 3 for dengue fever, while the mosquito and oviposition positive index(MOI) and adult-mosquito density index(ADI) were 0 to 4.00 and 0 to 1 per man-hour, respectively, indicating no risk for dengue fever. In March, compared with BI which indicated a risk of level 3, MOI were 2.13 and 3.77, respectively, representing for no risk. ADI were 4 to 6 per man-hour, indicating a risk of level 1 and level 2, respectively. After April, the dengue risk level reflected by each indicator became to be consistent. Conclusions The risk of dengue fever indicated by BI is always higher than or equal to the risk indicated by the other two. Compared with BI, MOI and ADI are more sensitively in reflecting the activity of Ae. albopictus.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the impairment of fenvalerate on reproductive and endocrine systems and clarify the mechanism of action.

METHODSDifferent doses of fenvalerate (0, 2, 4, 12, 60 mg/kg) were orally treated to the adult male SD rats for 15 days and 30 days, respectively. The levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone(T) and testis homogenate T were determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Besides, the activity of testicular marked enzymes such as acid phosphatases(ACP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(gamma-GT) were examined, and sperm head counts were measured to explain the changes of daily sperm production(Spr).

RESULTSIn fifteen days, serum FSH levels markedly increased in rats exposed to fenvalerate of < or = 12 mg/kg groups(P < 0.01) and serum levels of LH increased in 12 mg/kg group(P < 0.01). In addition, T levels in testis homogenates decreased after treated with the doses of > or = 12 mg/kg groups compared with the control group(P < 0.01). In thirty days, serum contents of FSH were significantly elevated in the doses of > or = 12 mg/kg groups(P < 0.01) and homogenate levels of T were diminished in the low dose group(2.4 mg/kg) (P < 0.05). Activity of ACP increased in 12 mg/kg group after fifteen days(P < 0.05) and was restrained in the high dose group(60 mg/kg) in thirty days(P < 0.05), but the contents of gamma-GT were arrested with different doses dependently in the testis(P < 0.05). Fenvalerate caused dose-dependent reduction in sperm head counts and daily sperm production, which markedly reduced at the doses of > or = 12 mg/kg groups(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSFenvalerate has obvious reproductive toxicity on male rats and can change their serum and testis homogenate levels of sex hormone or activity of testicular marked enzymes, which may be correlated with the impairment of Sertoli cell and spermatogenic epithelium.

Animals ; Endocrine System ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Nitriles ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testosterone ; blood

OBJECTIVESTo study the effects of fenvalerate exposure on the semen quality of occupational workers in order to find out the early effective biomarkers.

METHODSThirty-two male workers who exposed to fenvalerate and 46 male administrators in the office in a pesticide factory were selected as the exposure group and internal control group, respectively, and 22 male administrators in a center for disease control were served as the external control group. In order to evaluate the exposed levels, the concentration of fenvalerate, toluene and xylene in the ambient air of working place in these three groups were monitored simultaneously for three consecutive days. After the semen were collected according to the standard method, the workers' semen qualities were analysed with University of California at Davis (UCDavis) method and the sperm motility were evaluated using computer assisted sperm analysis(CASA).

RESULTSIn the exposure group, the concentrations of fenvalerate were significantly higher than those in the internal and external control group (P < 0.01), while no significant difference of the concentration on toluene or xylene was found (P > 0.05). Sperm motion parameters in the exposure group such as linearity(LIN), straightness(STR), and the sperm count were decreased significantly, and the abnormality rate of viscidity, coagulation and sperm count were increased significantly as compared with the internal and the external control groups(P < 0.05). Furthermore, the sperm progression and beat cross frequency (BCF) in the exposure group were also lower significantly than those in the external control group(P < 0.05), while the abnormality rate of sperm progression was increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONSIn such a low concentration, occupational exposure to fenvalerate can affect workers' semen quality, especially the sperm count and sperm movement ability.

Adult ; Humans ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Male ; Nitriles ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Semen ; drug effects ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects