Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Ciprofloxacin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Gene Products, tat ; chemistry ; genetics ; Genes, tat ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Organophosphates ; pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation ; Uridine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Objective:To investigate the effects of estradiol on ~(60)Co?-ray induced apoptosis of bone marrow hematopoietic cells of mice,and to discuss the related anti-irradiation mechanism.Methods:KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups(15 mice/each group):control group(without radiation),pure radiation group and estradiol+radiation group(ER group).The pure radiation group was irradiated by 4.0 Gy?-ray at a dose rate of 1.15Gy/min;the ER group was administered with 0.1 mg estradiol(IM)at 10 days before 4.0 Gy?-ray radiation;and the control group received no special treatment.The apoptotic DNA segments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells were analyzed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis;flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rate of cells and expression of Fas and Bcl-2 at 4 h,8 h,and 12 h after irradiation.Results:Eight hours after radiation,the apoptotic DNA segments were obviously increased and apoptotic DNA ladder appeared,which was not seen in the other 2 groups.The apoptosis rate of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in ER group was significantly lower than that in the pure radiation group at 4,8,and 12 h after irradiation(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and clinical value of site-specific pathology in breast reduction mammoplasty.

METHODSTotally 127 patients who underwent breast reduction mammoplasty from June 2007 to June 2010 were included. Pathologic specimens were sent for frozen pathology according to the clock-wise method. Patients with confirmed cancer were arranged for conservative breast surgery.

RESULTSOf the 127 patients, 53 patients (41.7%) had gland hyperplasia; 7 had fibroadenoma (5.5%); 1 (0.79%) had ductal carcinoma in situ, who underwent breast conserving surgery, following by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, no relapse was noted during the three-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONClock-wise method is useful to locate the tumor and ensure the patients to receive skin-spared breast resection even cancer is detected.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 11 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STR) loci in Chongqing Tujia population, and to evaluate their forensic application values and genetic relationships with the other 16 populations of China.

METHODSEleven Y-STR loci in 215 unrelated Tujia individuals from Chongqing were amplified with PowerPlex Y System, and the PCR products were analyzed by 310 Genetic Analyzer. Cluster analysis and phylogenic trees were applied to show the genetic distance among the populations.

RESULTSA total of 195 haplotypes were identified and the overall haplotypes diversity for the 11 Y-STR loci was 0.9942. The gene diversity values (GD) for each locus ranged from 0.3757 (DYS391) to 0.9170 (DYS385a/b). Comparing with other 16 populations, the genetic distance between Tujia and Tibetan was the nearest (0.02467), that between the Tujia and Korean ethnic groups was the farthest (0.25350).

CONCLUSIONThe genetic distribution of the 11 Y-STR loci in Chongqing Tujia population showed favorable polymorphisms. They are suitable for forensic identification and paternity testing in the local area. The study of genetic diversity among different populations is useful in understanding their origins, migrations and their relationships.

China ; ethnology ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Ethnic Groups ; ethnology ; genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Population Groups ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 11 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STR) loci in 484 male individuals from two minority populations, the Hui and Xibe, of Liaoning province, and to evaluate their forensic application values and genetic relationships with other 15 populations of China.

METHODSEleven Y-STR loci in all samples were amplified with PowerPlex Y System, and the PCR products were analyzed by 310 Genetic Analyzer. Cluster analysis and neighbor-joining tree were applied to show the genetic distance among the populations.

RESULTSIn Hui people, 187 haplotypes were identified, and the overall haplotype diversity value was 0.9990. The gene diversity values (GD) for each locus ranged from 0.4783(DYS437) to 0.9679(DYS385a/b); In Xibe people, 237 haplotypes were identified, and the overall haplotype diversity value was 0.9984. The GD value for each locus ranged from 0.3618(DYS391) to 0.9686(DYS385a/b). Comparing with 15 reference populations, the genetic distance between the Hui and Xibe was the nearest (0.0257), and that between the Hui and Yi was the farthest (0.1046), while the genetic distance between Xibe and Korean was also the farthest (0.0978). The NJ tree was similar to the results of clustering analysis and all the 17 populations were clustered into 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONThe genetic distribution of the 11 Y-STR loci in Liaoning Hui and Xibe ethnic groups showed favorable polymorphisms, therefore are suitable for forensic identification and paternity testing in the local area. The study of haplotype diversity among different populations is useful in understanding their origins, migrations and their relationships.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Ethnic Groups ; classification ; genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Minority Groups ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics

Objective To observe the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α)and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)genes in bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)of rhesus monkey. Methods With gene recombination technique,SDF-1α and GDNF genes obtained from cDNA were subcloned into pBudce4.1 vector to get pBudCE4.1-SDF-1-GDNF, evaluated by restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing analysis.The pBudCE4.1-SDF-1α-GDNF was transfected into BMSCs with lipofectamine2000.After 48 h,the expression of SDF-1α and GDNF was measured by RT-PCIL,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Correct construction of pBudCE4.1-SDF-1α-GDNF was identified by enzyme restriction analysis and sequencing analysis.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry confirmed the expressions Of SDF-1α and GDNF genes in the transfected cells.The protein expressions of GDNF and SDF-1α in the GDNF and SDF-1α transfected BMSCs were 6 times higher than those in the negative control cells. Conclusion The pBudCE4.1-SDF-1α-GDNF can successfully express SDF-1α and GDNF in BMSCs of rhesus monkey,which may be used in gene therapy for Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUNDArterial stiffness increases with age and is also associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Little is known about the relations of homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to arterial stiffness in the Chinese community. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of plasma homocysteine and hs-CRP levels with arterial stiffness in a community-based cohort.

METHODSWe related levels of homocysteine and hs-CRP to four measures of arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid-radial PWV, carotid-ankle PWV and heart rate corrected augmentation index) in 1680 participants from two communities of Beijing, China. Arterial stiffness was measured within two days of the time of biomarker measurement.

RESULTSIn univariate analysis, homocysteine was positively associated with the carotid-femoral PWV (r = 0.211, P < 0.0001), carotid-radial PWV (r = 0.120, P < 0.0001) and carotid-ankle PWV (r = 0.148, P < 0.0001), whereas it was inversely related to the augmentation index (r = -0.052, P = 0.016). Hs-CRP was positively associated with the carotid-femoral PWV (r = 0.074, P = 0.001) and carotid-ankle PWV (r = 0.050, P = 0.02). In multiple-adjusted models (R(2) = 0.57), homocysteine levels remained a significant determinant of the carotid-femoral PWV (standardized β = 0.065, P = 0.007), whereas the association of hs-CRP with measurements of arterial stiffness was not present.

CONCLUSIONSIn the Chinese population, plasma homocysteine levels are associated with alterations of aortic stiffness, whereas plasma levels of hs-CRP are not independently related to artery stiffening.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vascular Stiffness ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study genetic polymorphisms of 20 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STR) in Chaoshan Han population, and to evaluate their value in forensic science.

METHODSTwenty Y-specific STR loci (DYS434, Y-GATA-A10, Y-GATA-H4, DYS438, DYS439, DYS443, DYS444, DYS446, DYS447, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS460, DYS520, DYS531, DYS557, DYS622, DYS630, DYS635 and DYS709) were amplified by using three fluorescence-labeled multiplex PCR systems and were analyzed by ABI310 genetic analyzer. One hundred and fifty-eight unrelated male individuals of Han population in Chaoshan area were investigated to determine the distribution of allele frequencies and haplotype.

RESULTSThe Y-STR multiplexes developed had followed the published nomenclature and ISFG guidelines for STR analysis. Gene diversity ranged from 0.2506 at DYS434 to 0.8034 at DYS447. A total of 157 different haplotypes were observed, and among these, 156 were unique, while 1 was found for two times. The haplotype diversity value calculated from all 20 loci combined was 0.999998. None of Y-STR allele mutation was observed in the 30 father/ son pairs confirmed by autosomal STR analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that the 20 Y-STR loci are highly polymorphic and fathership genealogy inheritance are stable. The three fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification systems that we constructed are suitable for forensic individual identification and paternity testing in Chaoshan area.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Forensic Genetics ; Gene Amplification ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Software

OBJECTIVETo investigate the brain oxidative stress injury induced by nano-alumina particles in ICR mice.

METHODSSixty male ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, solvent control group, 100 mg/kg micro-alumina particles group, 3 groups exposed to nano-alumina particles at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. The mice were exposed by nasal drip for 30 days. Then levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in brain tissues of mice were detected.

RESULTSThere was no difference of SOD activity in mouse brain between control group [(17.32 +/- 6.23)U/gHb] and 50 mg/kg nano-alumina particles group [(17.89 +/- 1.82) U/gHb]. The SOD activity [(4.93 +/- 2.30)U/gHb] in 200 mg/kg nano-alumina particles group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). The MDA levels in 3 nano-alumina particles groups were (0.76 +/- 0.13), (1.00 +/- 0.30) and (1.16 +/- 0.39)nmol/ml, respectively, which were significantly higher than that [( 0.24 +/- 0.09)nmol/ml] in control group (P < 0.05). The GSH levels in 3 nano-alumina particles groups were (0.72 +/- 0.08), (0.55 +/- 0.19) and (0.61 +/- 0.20)mg/gpro, respectively, which were significantly lower than that [(1.55 +/- 0.34)mg/gpro]] in control group (P < 0.05). The CAT activity in 50 and 100 mg/kg nano-alumina particles groups were (10.40 +/- 3.84) and (10.40 +/- 2.00)U/mgpro, respectively, which were significantly higher than that [(5.79 +/- 0.96) U/mgpro] in control group (P < 0.05). The CAT activity [(3.25 +/- 1.04)U/mgpro] in 200 mg/kg nano-alumina particles group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05 ).

CONCLUSIONNano-alumina particles can induce the oxidative stress damage in brain tissues of mice.

Aluminum Oxide ; toxicity ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nanoparticles ; toxicity ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

It is well known that cytoskeleton system is the sensor of gravity in cells. Under microgravity condition, cytoskeleton is associated with the changes of cell shape, function, signaling and so on; but the relationship between cytoskeleton and gene expression is not fully understood. In present study, we discussed the effects of cell microfilament on the activity of collagen type I alpha 1 chain gene (COL1A1) promoter under microgravity simulated by clinostat and/or cytochalasin B as microfilament depolymerizer in the established EGFP-ROS cell line using the method of fluorescence semi-quantitative analysis and the fluorescent stain of microfilament. Compared with the normal control, the microfilament of ROS17/2.8 cell tended to disassemble, marginal distribution of fiber stress, and showed reducing stress fibers after spaceflight in Photon-M1 or clinorotation simulated microgravity, which suggested that microgravity destroyed the well-order cell cytoskeleton and induced a rearrangement. Treatment with suitable concentration of cytochalasin B in normal gravity induced disruption of microfilament, increased the activity of COL1A1 promoter and resulted in a dose-dependent increase of EGFP fluorescence. Therefore, a certain extent disruption of the microfilament system was associated with increased activity of the COL1A1 promoter. All above demonstrate that microfilament cytoskeleton system takes part in the regulation of COL1A1 promoter activity and plays an important role in the signaling of microgravity.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; pathology ; physiology ; Animals ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Collagen Type I ; genetics ; Cytoskeleton ; pathology ; physiology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Rats ; Transfection ; Weightlessness Simulation