Primary open angle glaucoma ( POAG) is one of the eye diseases which can lead to blindness. The early symptom of POAG is unconspicuous, however, it will result in irreversible optic never damage and visual field defect with the disease progress. As an index for diagnosing and evaluating the therapeutic effect of POAG, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) is simple and important. Clinically, although some treated patients have a target IOP at clinic time, the optic never damage still get worse. Researches indicate that higher nocturnal IOP and 24h IOP variation and lower nocturnal ocular perfusion pressure ( OPP) may be the reasons for this phenomenon. The following essay will give an overview of POAG,IOP and OPP according to the relevant literatures so that we can have a better understanding.

Objective To evaluate the significance of anti-endothelial cell antibody (AECA) and the correlation between AECA and clinical features of Behcet's disease (BD). Methods AECA was detected in 73 BD, 60 SLE, 35 SSc, 30 RA, 62 systemic vasculitis patients and 40 health controls by indirect immunofluorescence analysis in which the endothelial cells from umbilical vein were used as the substrate. Results Higher frequency of AECA was found in BD (54.8%) with the specificity of 87.2%, compared to those in SLE (8%), SSc (9%), RA (10%), systemic vasculitis (27%) and healthy controls (2%, P

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal in TURP patients. Methods From 2009 to 2011,140 patients received TURP were enrolled in this study.Patients were divided into perfusion group (70 cases with bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal) and control group (70 cases without perfusion). Results Comparing with the control group (33.1 ± 5.4) min,the time waiting for urination was shorter in perfusion group ( 3.7 ± 0.2 ) min ( P ＜0.05 ).The recovering time to normal urination was shorter in perfusion group (7.7 ± 1.2 ) d than in control group (11.7 ± 1.3) d (P ＜ 0.05 ) as well.In the first urine after catheter removal and first urine on the next day morning,white blood cell count of 2 groups (4.5 ± 0.1 ) vs ( 6.9 ± 3.5 ) ; ( 3.7 ± 0.2 ) vs (4.3 ±0.5) had significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal in TURP patients is simple and effective for the restoration of normal voiding.

Objective To study the renal damage of patients with juvenile primary Sjgren's syndrome (pSS)and its clinical manifestations,pathologic characteristics with biopsy,treatment and prognosis.Methods Ten patients with juvenile pSS complicated with renal impairments were retrospectively analyzed.Data of these 10 patients were compared with those without renal impairments.Results Ten patients complicated with renal impairments in 24 patients with juvenile pSS,9 of them presented with type I renal tubular acidosis(RTA), 5 with hypokalemia paralysis,3 with calcification of the renal tissue,3 with positive urine protein.1 with dia- betes insipidus.There was no significant difference between patients with renal impairments and those without. Three patients underwent kidney biopsy that showed chronic interstitial nephritis(CIN)with extensive lymp- hoplasmie cell infiltration.Two patients had glomerular lesions and one of them was diagnosed as pSS over- laped with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Steroid and immunosuppressive agents had significantly alle- viated symptoms and the hypergammaglobulinemia was significantly improved.Conclusion Renal impairment may be the major complication in juvenile pSS.The major clinical manifestations are RTA and the glomeruli are involved occasionally.Treatment with steroid anti immunnsuppressive agents should be given to those who have evidence of systemic involvement.

Objective To investigate the factors affecting health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD).Methods HRQOL was measured with SF-36v2 Chinese version.All patients with CLD diagnosed between December 2009 and May 2011 in Liver Research Center,Beijing Friendship Hospital and Digestive Department,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were enrolled in this study.Patients with CLD were divided into 4 groups according to their Child-Turcotte-Pugh scores:no cirrhosis,Child's classes A,B,and C.Demographic and clinical data were collected in each group.Results A total of 392 patients with CLD and 91 healthy controls were included.HRQOL in patients with CLD was lower than that in healthy controls.Physical component score (PCS) in healthy controls was 54.6 ± 5.5,and in CLD was 47.8 ± 8.8 (t =9.343,P ＜ 0.01).Mental component score (MCS) in healthy controls was 56.4 ± 8.1,and in CLD was 51.7 ± 7.4 (t =5.302,P ＜ 0.01).Increasing severity of CLD from no cirrhosis to advanced cirrhosis was associated with a decrease on HRQOL,PCS scores were 53.1 ± 5.9,48.7 ± 6.6,42.4 ± 7.1 and 37.2 ± 8.9 (F =93.353,P ＜ 0.01) ; MCS scores were 53.2 ± 4.8,52.7 ±6.5,51.8 ±7.5,and 46.8 ± 7.5 (F =11.325,P ＜0.01),for no patients with cirrhosis,Child's classes A,B and C respectively.Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that severity of disease,age,present ascites,present varices,and prothrombin time had significant effects on physical health area (F =100.893,P ＜ 0.010).Severity of disease,female gender,present varices,total bilirubin,prothrombin time and hemoglobin had significant effects on mental health area (F =19.237,P ＜ 0.010).Conclusions Patients with CLD have reduced HRQOL.Increasing severity of CLD is associated with a decreasing HRQOL.Old age,female gender,advanced stage of CLD,present ascites,hyperbilirubinemia and prolonging prothrombin time are risk factors for reducing HRQOL.

Objective To construct humanized monoclonal antibodies against CD 20 and check their affinity to CD 20 antigen and their anti-tumor activity.Methods Based on the computer model , human IgG1 candidates closest to rituximab in crystal structure were selected in the Protein Data Bank ( PDB) .With the selected human IgG 1 candidates as the frame , we modified and transplanted the complementarity determining region ( CDR) of rituximab .First,the target gene fragments were obtained by overlapping PCR.Then, the sequences of the light chains(L) and the heavy chains(H) were inserted in-to the pcDNA3.3 and pOptiVEC vectors.Next, the constructed clones were transfected into 293F cells through transient transfection.After a large-scale cell culture, the mAb was purified by affinity chromatography rProtein A column.The puri-ty and expression level of the humanized antibodies was tested by sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS)-polyacrylamide gelelectro-phoresis(PAGE).The affinity of the humanized antibodies to CD20 was assessed with Fortebio assay.Finally, the anti-tumor activity of the constructed antibodies was detected by checking the tumor growth inhibition of the nude mice transplan-ted with tumor .Results Three humanized monoclonal antibodies against CD 20 were expressed and purified successfully . In reducing SDS-PAGE, the antibodies exhibited two bands of approximately 25 ×103 and 55 ×103 , respectively.The band size of the antibodies matched the expected value.Fortebio assay revealed that the humanized antibodies could bind to CD20 with high affinity (rituximab:6.48 ×10 -9mol/L, L4H7:1.91 ×10 -9mol/L, L5H5:7.35 ×10 -10mol/L,and L5H7:1.91 ×10 -9mol/L).The tumor growth inhibition experiment showed that the anti-tumor activity of L5H7 mAb was better than that of rituximab .Conclusion Three humanized monoclonal antibodies against CD 20 have been successfully construc-ted and expressed.L5H7 mAb possesses high affinity for CD20 and a good ability to kill tumor cells.

Objective To study the effects of short-term cryopreservation on the proliferation ,bio-characteristics and osteogenic capability of rabbit BMSCs and lay the foundation for the further study .Methods The 5th generation of rabbit BMSCs were cryo-preservated by liquid nitrogen for 30 days ,and then thawing the cells to culture it to the 10th generation in vitro ,put the non-cryo-preservated and the same generation BMSCs as the control group .The MTT ,cell cycle ,cell surface marker ,the content of ALP and the immunohistochemical staining for collagen typeⅠ and alizarin red staining for calcium after differentiation induced by osteogene-sis were used to evaluate the proliferation ,bio-characteristic and osteogenic differentiation capability of rabbit BMSCs .Results The growth incubation period of BMSCs after cryopreservated was extended ,but it gradually recover through serial passage .The prolif-eration index and the proportion of BMSCs in G1 phase were 42 .9% ± 3 .4% and 57 .0% ± 3 .4% respectively .The positive rate of cell surface marker of CD44 was 93 .62% ± 1 .05% without expression of CD45 .The contents of ALP(U/gprot) were 6 .73 ± 1 .92 and 15 .99 ± 4 .36 in BMSCs after 7th day and 14th day with osteogenic induction ,respectively .The collagen typeⅠ and alizarin red staining for calcium indicated positive at BMSCs after 14th day and 21th day with osteogenic induction ,respectively .These results showed no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Short-term cryopreservation has no obvi-ous impacts on the proliferation ,bio-characteristic and osteogenic capability of BMSCs and it could be used for further study .

Objective To culture the rabbit bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) ,and to observe their biologi-cal characteristics in vitro and the expression of BMP2 and EGFP after Ad-EGFP-BMP2 infected on them .Methods To isolate and cultivate BMSCs by density gradient centrifugation and adherent culture in vitro ;the cell cycle and the surface marks were detected by flow cytometer ;rabbit BMSCs were differentiated into the direction of osteogenetic cells by in vitro induction .After transfection , the expression of exogenous gene in the cells was detected by the immunocytochemical staining and Western blot .Results About 56 .84% of rabbit BMSCs cell cycle was in the G1 phase;the D44 expression was positive and the CD45 expression was negative ;af-ter induction by osteogenetic cells ,the Ⅰtype collagen immunohistochemical staining was positive and the alizarin red staining was positive .After transfection ,the strong expression of BMP2 and EGFP in cells was showed by Western blot and the immunocyto-chemical staining .Conclusion rabbit BMSCs are successfully isolated ,cultured and identified to have the ability of osteogenetic dif-ferentiation ;the structured Ad-BMP-2/EGFP can efficiently transfected rabit BMSCs and stably express the target gene of BMP 2 .

Background Previous experimental and clinical studies have proved that elevated serum uric acid increased risk for developing hypertension.Whereas,there are a paucity of information on the relationship between serum uric acid and prehypertension.Objective The purpose of this research is to evaluate the association between the serum uric acid and prehypertension.Method A cohort of seven thousand eight hundred thirty-nine subjects without hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases were recruited from a cross sectional study in urban and rural place in 9 provinces during 2005-2006.Based on serum uric acid(324 ?mol/L for overall population,366 ?mol/L for male,285 ?mol/L for female),people were categorized into quartiles.The odds ratio for prehypertension was calculat ed with the lowest quartile as the reference.Results The prevalence of prehypertension increased with increasing uric acid in total population(P324 ?mol/L)to lowest quartile 1(

Objective To study clinical significance of anti-momoner C-reactive protein (anti- mCRP) antibody in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and assess the relationship between serum CRP and anti-mCRP antibody.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to determine serum level of anti-mCRP antibody in 113 pateints with SLE,65 patients with other rheumatic diseases,including primary Sjgren syndrome,rheumatoid arthritis,osteoarthritis,ankylosing spondylitis and systemic sclerosis,and 32 healthy controls.Serum level of CRP was evaluated by turbidimetry.Clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators of the patients were all recorded.Results Serum level of anti- mCRP antibody in SLE patients was significantly higher than that in patients with other rheumatic diseases and healthy controls,respectively (t=2.502 and 5.352,respectively,P 0.05).Titer of anti-mCRP antibody closely correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index score (r=0.248,P0.05). Conclusions Level of Anti-mCRP antibody increased significantly in patients with SLE,which associated with disease activity of SLE and can be used as a valuable marker in evaluating activity of SLE.