OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of pravastatin on serum levels of CRP and TNF-? in patients with diabetic nephropathy and study its possible mechanism in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS:28 patients with diabetic nephropathy were treated with provastatin plus routine therapy (trial group),another 28 patients with diabetic nephropathy were treated with routine therapy alone (control group). Serum levels of CRP and TNF-? in the two groups were detected after treatment for 24 weeks. RESULTS:The total effect rate in the trial group was 67.9% versus 42.9% in the control group(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of chronic hypoxia on left and right ventricular function and the expression of cardiac transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels in rats.

METHODSForty eight SD male rats were randomly divided into control group (CON) and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension model group (CH) (n = 24). In CH group, rats were exposed in chronic hypoxia environment (10% +/- 0.2% O2) to induce myocardial hypertrophy. After 3 weeks, mean systemic arterial pressure (mSAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left or right ventricular pressure maximum rate of rise (LV/RV + dp/dt(max)), left or right ventricular pressure maximum rate of descent (LV/RV-dp/dt(max)), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVMI) and left ventricular hypertrophy index (LVMI) were measured. Left and right ventricular myocardium tissue sections were stained by HE and observed under light microscope. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time-PCR) and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of TRPC subfamily.

RESULTSRVSP, RVMI, RV + dp/dt(max) and RV-dp/dt(max) were markedly elevated in CH group (P < 0.01) in comparison to CON group. LVMI was markedly reduced in CH group in comparison to CON group (P < 0.01). LVSP, LV + dp/dt(max) and LV- dp/dt(max) had no significant changes in CH group in comparison to CON group. Right ventricular myocardial cells of CH group became thick, the nuclei stained deeply, the shape of nuclei became not regularity. Left ventricular myocardial fibers did not change significantly. There was significant difference in the levels of mRNA and protein of TRPC1 between CON and CH groups.

CONCLUSIONFor three weeks exposed to chronic hypoxia induced right ventricular hypertrophy specifically, raised the mRNA and protein expression of TRPC1 on right ventricular myocardial cells . TRPC1 might be involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels ; metabolism ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology ; Ventricular Function, Right ; physiology

? AlM: To evaluate the efficacy of the method of vitrectomy combined with posterior sclera reinforcement for retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia.
?METHODS:From January 2012 to December 2013, in 45 eyes of 45 high myopic patients with retinal detachment due to macular hole, 28 eyes were in group A of vitrectomy with posterior sclera reinforcement and 17 eyes were in group B of vitrectomy. Preoperative examinations included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, indirect ophthalmoscopy and OCT were performed. ln follow - up 6 to 12mo, postoperative examinations of visual acuity, OCT were performed and effects of retinal reattachment and macular hole closure were compared between the two groups.
?RESULTS: ( 1 ) Postoperative examinations: visual acuity was 1. 19±0. 39 in group A and 1. 51±0. 34 in group B. The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05). (2) The retinal reattachment rate was 100% in group A and 88. 24% in group B. There was no statistical significance between them(P>0. 05). (3) The macular hole closure rate was 82% in group A and 53% in group B. The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05).
? CONCLUSlON: The treatment of vitrectomy with posterior sclera reinforcement is safe and feasible, which could improve visual acuity and increase the rate of macular hole closure in treating retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia.

One marine actinomycete strain FIM02-523 was isolated from marine soil in the East China Sea in Fujian Province. The fermentation broth of strain FIM02-523 exhibited potent antitumor activities. Strain FIM02-523 grew well on most media tested, the colonies were orange to dark brown but lacked aerial hy-phae, no diffusible pigments were observed. Phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, morphological analyses, physiological and biochemical characteristics demonstrated that strain FIM02-523 belong to the genus Mi-cromonospora, may be a strain of the type species Micromonospora chalcea.

Objective To determine whether the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through bony tunnel can correct a Hill-Sachs lesion. Methods A total of 30 cadaveric humeri were equally divided into three groups, 10 cadaveric humeri per group. Hill-Sachs lesions were replicated with a osseous defect involving 10% (group A ) , 20% (group B ) and 30% (group C ) of the articular surface. All the bone defects in each group were measured and the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel was performed in group B and group C. The preoperative and postoperative transverse arc length, longitudinal are length, depth and volume of the osseous defects in group B and group C were compared by using paired t test. Results Before reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was ( 10.9 ± 1.4 )mm in group B and ( 16.3 ± 2.3 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc length was ( 22.4 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 28.0 ± 2.2 ) mm in group C ;depth was (6.9±0.9) mm in group B and (11. 1 ±0.9) mm in group C; volume was (708.7±93.9) mm3 in group B and (1338.3 ± 185.6) mm3 in group C. After reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was (5.1 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 7.6 ± 3.6 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc lengthwas (10.5 ±4.9) mm in group B and (12.3 ±5.3) mm in group C; depth was (0.3±0.1 ) mm in group B and (0.4 ±0.1 ) mm in group C; volume was (48.9 ± 16.1 )mm3 in group B and (70.3 ± 37.9) mm3 in group C. The comparison of all the parameters showed statistical difference (P <0. 01 ). Conclusion The poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel can effectively correct the Hill-Sachs lesions with humeral head osseous defects involving 20% -30% of the articular surface.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics of organizing pneumonia of the autopsies in elder and to analyze the possible underlying etiologic factors.

METHODSNinety-five cases of organizing pneumonia were found from 635 elderly autopsy reports of the Beijing Hospital since 1980. The morphologic and imaginal features were analyzed.

RESULTSThe foci of organizing pneumonia in our series were often small, patchy, scattered and adjacent to other lung lesion. There were, however, some variations in cases with different underlying conditions. The conditions associated with organizing pneumonia, as detected in our series, were: (1) 36 cases with suppurative inflammation, lung abscesses and chronic relapsing pneumonia; (2) 17 cases with fungal or viral infection; (3) 16 cases with aspiration pneumonia; (4) 5 cases with radiation pneumonia. We observed that it was not uncommon for organizing pneumonia coexisting with atelectasis and chronic pleuritis. The image of organizing pneumonia was varied.

CONCLUSIONSOrganizing pneumonia is a common finding in autopsies of the elder. It occurs in association with many diseases and the basic pathologic changes are similar. All of which represent secondary phenomenon. Possible etiologic factors include infection (due to bacteria, fungi or virus), aspiration and radiation. The possibility of organizing pneumonia should be considered if the shadow of lung is undisappeared in imagin.

Aged ; Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Abscess ; complications ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; complications ; pathology ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and the pharmacological effects of Shen-wu Capsule.MethodsSD rats were divided into 6 groups with 10 rats each:model group was developed by peritoneal injection of 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA) 20mg/kg, once every another day. Haloferidoli was used as the positive drug (given to positive control group from 10μg/100g/day to 100μg/100g/day, during modeling). Low dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 0.45g/kg; middle dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 0.9g/kg; high dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 1.8g/kg (once a day for 25days). The rats in normal control group were peritoneally injected with saline and were fed with water.The open field test was used to test the space recognition ability and excitability of CNS of rats. The climbing test was used to test strength of muscles.The content of dopamine(DA) and it's metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC),5-HT in stratium of all groups were detected by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC-ECD).ResultsThe 3-NPA model rats showed decrease of activity, rigidity and stagger just like clinical patients with Huntington's diseases. In open field test all indexes of 3-NPA model rats are decreased (P<0.05), while Shen-wu Capsule low dose and high dose can improve all the indexes. There is no difference in strength of muscles among all groups. The content of DA,DOPAC and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were distinctly decreased in 3-NPA model rats(P<0.01); rats in three groups of Shen-wu Capsule and positive drug control groups showed increased content of these neurotransmitter(P<0.01). Conclusions Rats injected with 3-NPA can mimic the abnormal behaviors and changes of neurotransmitter in stratium of Huntington's patients, Shen-wu Capsule can ameliorate the behavior of model animals and improve the content of DA,DOPAC and 5-HT in stratium.

The genomes of umbraviruses do not encode a coat protein, and thus no conventional virus particles are formed in infected plants. Umbraviruses are always coinfected with an assistor virus, which is always a member of the family Luteoviridae, to cause most devastating diseases in some areas. The epidemiology of the umbra-virus-caused disease is largely depended on aphid transmission. The symptomology, occurrence, characteristics of the causal agents, disease control of carrot motley dwarf, groundnut rosette and tobacco bushy top were reviewed detailedly in this article.

Background There is multi-dimensional order of spatial stereopsis perception in human,however,current stereopsis examination is zero-order of position disparity.A multi-dimensional space perception model is very important for the detection of stereoacuity.Objective This study was to screen the deficit of zero-order,first-order,second-order multi-dimensional spatial stereopsis perception in amblyopia and strabismus children and to explore the association of zero-order,first-order,second-order spatial perception deficit.Methods Multidimensional spacial perception was examined in 79 children aged 4-14 years in Beijing Children' s Hospital.Nineteen normal children,19 children with ametropia amblyopia,12 children with anisometropic amblyopia,18 children with strabismus and 11 children with strabismus combined amblyopia were included this study.The random-dot and line spatial stereopsis perception in zero-order,first-order and second-order were examined with a new system of multidimensional space perception screening.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject or custodian before any ocular examination associated with this study.Results Absence of zero-order,first-order,second-order random-dot channel was found in 24 children (24/79,30.4％),18 children (18/79,22.8％) and 24 children (24/79,30.4％) respectively,with an average percentage of 27.9％.Absence of zero-order,first-order,second-order line channel was examined in 37 children (37/79,46.8％),37 children (37/79,46.8％),32 children (32/79,40.5％),with an average percentage of 44.7％.In the children with a deficiency of the zero-order spatial perception,the children who still remained the first-order or/and second-order spatial perception of random-dot accounted for 41.6％ and that of lines accounted for 43.2％.In children without deficiency of zero-order random-dot or lines spatial space perception,deficiency of first-order and/or second-order spatial perception was in 37.5％ children.Various order spatial perception deficiency was seen in children suffering from amblyopia or strabismus compared with normal group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There exists spatial perception deficiency in children with amblyopia or strabismus.The patients with zero-order spatial perception absence partially remain a first-order or/and second-order spatial perception;while the patients with normal zero-order spatial perception might have first-order or second-order spatial perception deficiency.The multi-dimensional space perception model has a directive role for the training of visual information process and the treatment of spatial perceptual learning in children with amblyopia or strabismus.

OBJECTIVETo identify the electrophysiological properties of long-QT syndrome (LQTS) associated missense mutations in the outer mouth of the HERG potassium channel in vitro.

METHODSMutations V630A and N633S were constructed by Megaprimer PCR method and cRNA were produced by T7 RNA polymerase. The electrophysiological properties of the mutation were investigated in the Xenopus oocyte heterologous expression system.

RESULTSCoexpression of mutant and wild-type HERG subunits caused a dominant-negative effect, and the currents were significantly decreased. Compared with wild-type HERG channels, V630A and N633S mutations were related to decreased time constants for inactivation for V630A/WT and N633S/WT at all potentials, reduced slope conductance and the voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation was shifted to negative potentials for V630A/WT and N633S/WT.

CONCLUSIONPresent study shows that LQTS associated missense mutations located in the outer mouth of HERG cause a dominant-negative effect and alterations in steady-state voltage dependence of channel gating of heteromultimeric channels suggesting a reduction in expressional current might be one of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of LQTS.

Animals ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; ERG1 Potassium Channel ; Electrocardiography ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ; genetics ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome ; genetics ; Mutation, Missense ; Oocytes ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; RNA, Complementary ; Xenopus