Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads), which are live, replication-competent viruses that can selectively replicate in tumor cells and lead to cell lysis, have been used in tumor therapy. But due to the complexity and high mutability of human tumors, it becomes a major strategy to improve the selectivity, efficacy, and safety of oncolytic Ads. The oncolytic Ads that can express short hairpin RNA, cytokines, suicide gene, and matrix-modulating proteins have higher antitumor activity than the wild type. Tumor-specific promoters, especially hTERT and HRE promoters, increase the selectivity of oncolytic Ads for tumor cells. Moreover, oncolytic Ads surface-modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG), liposomes, biodegradable nanoparticles, and polypeptides have reduced immunogenicity and hepatotoxicity and improved antitumor activity when systemically administered, and the selectivity of oncolytic Ads can be significantly increased when linking PEG to antibodies, small peptides, cytokines, and ligands. Therefore, engineered oncolytic Ads combining the advantages of viral and non-viral vectors, as well as immunotherapy, are a promising strategy for improving the efficacy of targeted virotherapy.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; physiology ; Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; virology ; Oncolytic Virotherapy ; trends ; Virus Replication

Objective To compare the therapeutic results of laparoscopic-assisted endorectal colon pull-through with radical Swenson's technique for Hirschsprung's disease Methods 39 children who had undergone Swenson pull-through were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were divided into 2 groups:open Swenson(n=20),laparoscopic procdeures(n=19). Use of laparoscopic equipment,operating time,hospital day,intraoperative blood loss,cost of hospital and postoperative complications were chosen as itews for comparisiom. Results The patienst in open Swenson passed stool and flatus in (78?28) hours and those in laparoscopic procedures did in (27?7) hours(t=2.87, P0.05),no major complications were found Conclusions The therapeutic results of laparoscopic-assisted coloc pull-through are similar to those of open and this procedure is economical.It appears to reduce postperative intestinal adhesion and postoperative recovery time dramatically, has smaller incision and renders itself more acceptable by the parents.

Objective: To optimize the purification technology of total flavonoids from Astragali Companati Semen (ACS) by macroporous adsorption resin. Methods: The process parameters of water decoction extraction of ACS and purification of total flavonoids extracted from ACS by D-101 macroporous adsorption resin were optimized by orthogonal experiment design method. Results: The optimal extraction process were as follows: water decoction extract for three times, each time 0.5 h, water addition of 10, 6, and 6 times amount of the medicine respectively. The optimized technology conditions of D-101 macroporous adsorption resin were as follows: The flavonoids concentration of sample liquid of ACS was about 1.0 mg/mL, the diameter ratio was 1∶5, the sample flow rate was 1 BV/h, the rate of sample weight was 0.6 g/mL (herbs/resin); The velocity of water elution was 1 BV/h and its elution volume was 4 BV; The elution concentration, elution velocity, and elution volume were 70%, 1 BV/h, and 5 BV, respectively. The content paste rate of made ACS of total flavonoids was 2.65%, the mass fraction of total flavonoids was 56.24%, and the process transfer rate was 68.37%. Conclusion: The method is simple and feasible for purification of total flavonoids extracted from ACS.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases ; metabolism ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; toxicity ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

· Application of capsular tension ring ( CTR ) in phacoemulsification has become a common method to increase the stability of the capsular bag. CTR can effectively reduce the posterior capsular opacification ( PCO) , prevent intraocular lens ( lOL ) decentration and tilt, not cause lOL degree deviation and aberration increase.ln this review, we summarized the development overview of CTR in phacoemulsification.

Objective To compare the characteristics between indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and fundus fluorescence angiography ( FFA ) in patients with age-related macular degeneration ( ARMD ). Methods Twenty-five cases ( 35 eyes ) were diagnosed as exudative ARMD by ocular examination. Their age ranged from 60 to 81 years. The visual acuities were 1.0 at FC/30 cm before eye. We analyzed and compared the characteristics of FFA and ICGA in these patients. Results 5 eyes ( 14.3% ) with classic choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) were found by FFA examination. 15 eyes ( 42.9% ) with classic CNV were found by ICGA examination. Of 20 eyes with occult CNV considered by FFA, 7 eyes had classic CNV by ICGA. Of 3 eyes considered as serous retinal pigment epithelial detachment ( PED ) without classic CNV by FFA, 1 eye had serous PED with classic CNV and 2 eyes had classic CNV by ICGA.1 eye was diagnosed as serous PED with CNV by FFA, and as occult CNV by ICGA. Conclusions ICGA raise detectability and accuracy of CNV in ARMD compared with FFA. It is contributive to early treatment in ARMD.

Objective To discuss the less invasive stabilization system(LISS)in treatment of fractures around the knee joint.Methods Between February 2002 and December 2005,103 cases of periarticular fractures of knee joint were treated with LISS in our department.There were 58 cases of comminuted distal femoral fracture and 45 cases of comminuted proximal tibia fracture.Follow-ups were conducted once per week during the first four weeks and once per month in the following months to observe whether such complications as loosening of internal fixators and nail breakage would occur.Results All the cases were followed up for a mean time of 16.5 months(range, 6 to 27 months).Loosening and breakage of internal fixation was found in only one case,while others obtained bony union.In fractures of types A and C,the knee range of motion varied from 95?to 145?(average,130?)and 85?to 140?(average,110?)in flexion respectively.HSS score:excellent in 84 cases(81.6%),good in 15 cases (14.6%),fair in three cases(2.9%),and poor in one case(0.9%).Conclusions The LISS can be the best choice for the treatment of periarticular fractures around the knee joint,but we should take care to implant the plate and screws in a proper position and direction and avoid early weight-bearing.In application of the 13-hole plate, large incision should be made to approach the distal tibia for fear of damaging the superficial peroneal nerve.

AIMTo design and synthesize compounds with insulin-sensitizing activity.

METHODSUsing association principle of drug design, ten title compounds were designed and synthesized on the basis of known compounds with insulin-sensitizing activity, and their insulin-sensitizing activity were evaluated on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells.

RESULTSOne of the synthesized compounds showed strong insulin-sensitizing activity in vitro.

CONCLUSIONThis compound may possess good sugar-lowering activity, and will be chosen for further hypoglycemic evaluation in vivo.

3T3-L1 Cells ; metabolism ; Adipocytes ; drug effects ; Animals ; Drug Design ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effect of surgical staging and using craft bone with vancomycin for the treatment of calcaneal fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to December 2012,13 patients with open calcaneal fractures were treated including 9 males and 4 females with an average of 35.2 years old ranging from 23 to 66. All cases were emergency cases. According to Sanders classification of calcaneal fractures, 2 cases were type II, 7 cases were type III, 4 cases were type IV. According to Gustilo-Anderson soft tissue injury classification, 8 cases were type II, 2 cases were type III A, 2 cases were type III B, 1 case were type III C. Firstly a thorough debridement or VSD procedures were applied,secondly calcaneal fracture were treated with open reduction, plate fixation and bone graft complex with antibiotics. Based on clinical examination, radiographic evaluation, and American Foot and Ankle Surgery Society (AOFAS), ankle function were evaluated after operation.

RESULTSOpen wounds were headed after dressing and repairing,, lateral calcaneal wound were healed during the first period. All patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months (means 14.5 months). Fracture healing time was 14 to 20 weeks (means 16.2 weeks). Last follow-up AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was (80.0 +/- 7.4) ranging from 55 to 95.

CONCLUSIONFor patients with open fractures, through reasonable clinical evaluation, staging operation, using bone graft with antibiotics can reduce the incidence of postoperative wound infection and promote fracture healing.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Background Studies demonstrated that human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) have some characteristics of embryonic stem cells and they were used to re-establish the surface of eyes. Human AECs may serve as new seed cells in tissue engineering for corneal epithelium reconstitution in the future. Objective The present study was to investigate the application value of human amniotic epithelium cells transfected by lentiviral vectormediated enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene as new seed cell source for engineering the corneal surfacelayer. Methods Lentiviral vector carrying the objective gene EGFP was transfected into human amniotic epithelial cells (pLenti6/V5-DEST),and the transient expression of the transgene in the human amniotic epithelial cells was observed under the fluorescence microscope. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive expression rates of EGFP in transfected cells. The transfected human amniotic epithelial cells were seeded onto the fresh corneal stromal surface of New Zealand white rabbit and cultured in vitro. The stem cell deficiency ( SCD ) models were established by cutting off the limbus of cornea in 20 eyes of New Zealand white rabbits, and the model rabbits were then divided into 2 groups randomly. The transplanted grafts carrying the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene-transferred human amniotic epithelium cells were regarded as the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group, and the corneal stroma graft without any epithelial cell served as the control group. The opacity of stroma and corneal conjunctivalization and vascularization were observed daily. The rabbits' eyes were extracted one month after operation. The expression of EGFP in the cornea was detected under the fluorescence microscope, and the expression of CK8, CK18 and CK12 in cornea was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The shape of the transferred human amniotic epithelial cells resembled normal human amniotic epithelial cells. 48 hours after the transient transfection of EGFP presented with the highest expression level throughout the observation duration, with a positive expression rate of EGFP of 61.5% ,showing significant differences in comparison with that of 12 ( 5.24% ) , 24 ( 38.27% ) or 96 ( 39. 10% ) hours ( P ＜0. 05) post-transfection; but no obvious difference was found in the positive rate of transiently transfected EGFP between 48 hours and 72 hours ( 58.36% ) ( P＞0. 05 ). Six cornea grafts were clear in 1 month and two corneas were rejected during the observation period in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. A few new blood vessels were seen around the graft. Ten corneas of the control group became opaque and cloudy with new blood vessels growth around the grafts. Imunohistochemistry revealed the positive expressions of CK8, CK1 8 and CK12 in the corneal epithelial layer in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. However,the expression of CK12 was absent in the control group. Conclusion Human amniotic epithelium cells transfected with the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene is a new and ideal feed cell type to reconstruct the corneal surface layer. Lentivirus is a relatively safe gene transfection vector.