OBJECTIVE:To optimize the harvest time of Eucommia ulmoides.METHODS:The content of Chlorogenic acid in Eucommia ulmoides harvested at different time was determined by HPLC on Kromasil-C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5.0 ?m).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.4% H3PO4 solution(11∶87) with a detection wavelength of 327 nm.RESU-LTS:The content of Chlorogenic acid in Eucommia ulmoides harvested during July was the highest(at 3.178%).CONCLUS-ION:July turned out to be the optimum harvest time for Eucommia ulmoides.

Objective Thermal burns of the anterior chest disfigure the female breast, and the postburn breast deformity is a sequela of severe scar contraction of the burned chest. For deformities that affected the mammary development, museulocutaneous flaps were used. Here we introduce our experience in using the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous island flap in burned breast reconstruction. Methods During the past 7 years, 7 female patients with such deformities required reconstruction, the expanded or unex-panded latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous island flaps were used in the partial reconstruction of burned breast. In the mild deformities group (2 cases), unexpanded latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous island flaps were used. For patients with undeveloped mammary glands (5 cases), expanded latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous island flaps were used. Results The procedure was performed in 7 patients and all the flaps were alive, with significant improvement of breast appearance. The complication rate was low. There were no deformity and dysfuction in the donor site. Conclusions The technique has many advanta-ges: beautiful contour of breast, good blood supply of the flap, no donor site morbidity. It provides the plastic surgeon with an excellent, safe and consistently successful method for burned breast reconstrue-tion. This experience has led to development of surgical principles and techniques tailored to this particu-larly difficult problem.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of liposome PGE1 on the survival of the expanded flap.Methods The minipigs were set up as an animal model.They were divided into 2 groups.The expanded flaps (8 cm ×2 cm) were designed and elevated on the back of an minipig.An image analysis technology was used to evaluate the survival rate of the expanded flap,while realtimePCR technique was used to investigate the molecular mechanism.Results The survival area of the expanded flap in the Lipo PGE1 group was significantly enlarged (P＜0.01) compared with the control group.The VEGF,iNOS and Ang-1 gene expression decreased,but TGF-β1 gene expression increased.But there was no significant difference between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The Lipo PGE1 could promote survival rate of the expanded flap,but the mechanism does not involve the regulation of VEGF,iNOS,Ang-1 and TGF-β1 gene expression.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of 15 cases of Poland's syndrome and to explore the suitable treatment strategies. Methods A retrospective study of 15 adult patients with Poland's syndrome was conducted and the related literature was reviewed. According to the development of pectoralis muscles and breast, chest deformities were classified into 2 grades: mild and severe. Mild form was limited to absence of partial pectoralis major muscle, with variable hypoplasia of other minor components (such as the size of breast and the size and position of the nipple-areola complex), leading to a mild chest wall asymmetry. Severe form was characterized by absence or severe hypoplasia of the pectoralis major muscle and mammary gland with an evident chest wall asymmetry. Combined with gender, adult patients were divided into 4 types: female mild, female severe, male mild, and male severe. Each type had its own treatment strategies based on its anatomic features: silicone implant insertion for female mild type;latissimus dorsi muscular flap transposition and silicone implant insertion for female severe type;fat injection for male mild type;latissimus dorsi muscular flap transposition for male severe type of the patients. From 2003 to 2008, 15 adult cases were admitted to our ward, aged from 16 to 34 years.The case number of each type was 6, 6, 2 and 1, respectively. One severe female patients rejected any surgical interventions;the others were all treated as the above. Results Follow-up periods ranged from 6 months to 4 years. This series had got satisfactory results with good breast symmetry and natural texture. All the latissimus dorsi muscular flaps survived well. No postoperative complications, such as implant capsular contracture or implant displacement, were observed. Conclusion The manifestations of Poland's syndrome are extremely varied. This classification method is simple but useful, which could effectively direct the individualized treatment for the complete and adequate rehabilitation. Latissimus dorsi muscular flap, pedicled or free transplanted, pulsing silicone implant in females, are the first choices for severe chest deformations of this syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo compare the complications of two kinds reduction mammaplasty (group A: central pedicle plus lateral incision; group B: double circle incision plus mesh) and analyse the reason of the complications to avoid or reduce their happening.

METHODSThe complications in 58 patients undergone reduction mammaplasty was investigated from August 2003 to May 2006. And the kind and rate of the complications with two methods was compared. The complications include: infection, hematoma, fat liquefaction, nipple necrosis, skin necrosis, hypertrophic scars, mesh pucker, asymmetry, inadequate reduction and so on.

RESULTSFollow-up study for 4 to 33 months, 7 in group A (36 cases) got complications; 6 in group B (19 cases) got complications.

CONCLUSIONSThe rate of complications in group B was higher than in group A. The complications in group A were related to destroyed blood supply, which was due to excess excision of tissue. The complications in group B were relate to the mesh, such as too hard, not smooth, too tight, thin skin covering and so on.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Contraindications ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; adverse effects ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Qianliean Pill (QP) on inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) model rats, and to explore its therapeutic mechanism.

METHODSCNP rat model was established by castration and estradiol benzoate injection. Totally 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the positive medicine group, the high dose QP group, the medium dose QP group, and the low dose QP group, 10 in each group. Besides, 10 normal rats were recruited as a normal control group. Since the 8th day of castration, Pulean Tablet (PT) at 10. 80 g/kg was administered to rats in the positive medicine group by gastrogavage. QP at 11.00, 5.50, and 2.75 g/kg was administered to rats in high, medium, and low dose QP groups by gastrogavage. Distilled water at 2 mL/100 g was administered to rats in the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage, once daily for 30 successive days. After 30 days of medication all rats were sacrificed and their prostate tissues were extracted. The prostatic index was calculated. Pathological changes of rat prostate were observed under light microscope. Meanwhile, levels of IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the prostate index obviously decreased, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the prostate index obviously decreased in high and medium dose QP groups, and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01); levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 obviously decreased in each QP group and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive medicine group, the TNF-α level decreased more obviously in the high dose QP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, inflammatory reactions occurred obviously in rats' prostate of the model group. Compared with the model group, inflammatory reactions were milder in rats' prostate of each QP group and the positive medicine group, and their degrees were improved to some extent.

CONCLUSIONQP could treat CNP, which might be achieved by regulating local immune state of the prostate, relieving inflammatory reactions of the prostate, and lowering levels of IL-β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect and the effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis of artemether(ART) on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines and pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods The inhibitory effect of ART on human gastric cancer cell lines(SGC-7901 and MKN-45) and human pancreatic cancer cell lines(SW-1990 and BXPC-3) were detected by MTT assay,and the effect on cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results It was indicated by MTT assay that the killing effect of ART on the cancer cell lines were positively correlated to time and dosage(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in determining the full-length sequence and baseline resistance-associated substitution (RAS) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtype 3b. MethodsNucleic acid was extracted from plasma of a HCV RNA-positive blood donor, and after sequence-independent amplification, a sequencing library was constructed and NGS was performed using Illumina Hiseq. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze full-length HCV sequence, viral genotype, and baseline RAS to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). ResultsA total of 8.4 Gb data with more than 56 million reads were obtained. The full-length HCV sequence was obtained by bioinformatics analysis, with an average sequencing depth of 488 007 and a genotype of 3b subtype. A total of 12 RASs were identified in HCV amino acid sequence, i.e., Y56H, Q80K, Q80R, and A156G located in NS3, M28G, Q/A30G, Q/A30K, L31F, L31M, and Y93H located in NS5A, and S282T and V321A located in NS5B, among which Q/A30K and L31M located in NS5A had high frequencies of 99.16% and 98.37%, respectively, while the other 10 RASs had low frequencies of ＜0.5%. ConclusionNGS can be used to determine the full-length sequence and genotype of HCV subtype 3b and identify baseline RASs, which has great significance in the epidemiological study of HCV subtype 3b and the development of DAA treatment regimens.

The growth changes of glutathione (GSH) and ergosterol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CICC1447 and CICC1339) were detected under 0.5Mpa pressure with compressed high-pure air (O-2∶N-2=21∶79). The results showed that logarithmic phases of the two strains were delayed; their biomass and special growth rate were lower than those of control sample (0.1MPa) and the double time were prolonged under 0.5MPa. High-pressure could increase the content of GSH obviously, compared to ambient atmosphere control samples. When the holding time was 3h, the content of GSH and ergosterol in CICC1447 increased 42.6% and 20.1%, respectively. However, the content of GSH in CICC1339 increased 58.7% when the holding time was 6h, while ergosterol content reduced. The results indicated that different yeast strains have different stress-response mechanism to copy with high-pressure shock.

OBJECTIVE Zn-doped CuO nanocomposites (nZn-CuO NPs) are novel nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method.This study aimed to further investigate the antitumor effects and mechanism of nZn-CuO NPs, as well as the exact mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on nZn-CuO NPs-induced death using N-acetylcysteine (NAC). METHODS The antitumor effects of nZn-CuO NPs were evaluated by MTS assay and orthotopic transplantation tumor model in nude mice. The effects of nZn-CuO NPs with or without NAC on ROS production, DNA damage, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, lysosome impairment, and ER and Golgi stress were determined. Also,western blot was used to detect apoptosis and autophagy related proteins,as well as NF-κB pathway related proteins. RESULTS nZn-CuO NPs significantly inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. nZn-CuO NPs were able to cause cytotoxicity, ROS production, DAN damage mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and autophagy, and NAC can attenuate them. Further studies showed that nZn-CuO NPs induced changes of apoptosis, autophagy and NF-κB pathway related proteins, and NAC can restore them. CONCLUSION Overall, our data demonstrated that nZn-CuO NPs could inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo by ROS-dependent regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, which might be cross-linked by NF-κB pathways.