AIM: To study whether caspase-3,8 is activated during azurin-induced apoptosis in U2OS cells. METHODS: AnnexinV /PI method was used to detect apoptosis. The changes of procaspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot, the changes of caspase-3 mRNA were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and caspase-3 relative activity was determined by colorimetric assay. RESULTS: After U2OS cells were treated with 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500 mg/L azurin for 24 h, respectively, the level of procaspase-3 protein decreased and the level of caspase-3 mRNA increased as azurin concentration increased. When the cells were treated with 100 mg/L azurin for 6, 12, 24, 48 h , respectively, the caspase-3 activity began to rise from 6 h,reached the peak at 24 h,and was still higher than the control group at 48 h ( P

Objective:To investigate the effects of early postoperative enteral nutrition on recovery of patients with gastric cancer.Methods:Sixty-five cases of patients with gastric cancer were randomized into early enteral nutrition (EEN) group and enteral nutrition (EN) group.Serum total protein (TB),albumin(ALB),Prealbumin,white blood cell count (WBC),C-reactive protein (CRP),immunoglobulin,peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets,gastrointestinal recovery time,hospital stay and cost were recorded.The nutritional and cellular immunity parameters of the EEN group on 7th day after operation were higher than those of the EN group.Inflammatory response of the EEN group on 3th day after operation was lower than EN group.EEN group showed better immunological response and clinical recovery than the EN group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Early enteral nutrition in postoperative gastric cancer patients can improve early postoperative nutritional status and immune function,alleviate inflammatory response,promote the recovery of intestinal function and shorten hospital stay.

Objective　To evaluate the therapeutic effects of trabeculectomy through two right angle incisions.Methods　Trabeculectomy was performed on 23 cases (25 eyes)through two right angle incisions.Results　All operated eyes formed functional fistulizing blebs and their intraocular pressure were nomal in the follow up periods of 3～10 months.Conclusion　The trabeculectomy through two right angle incisions is better than traditional trabeculectomy and similar to clear-cornea trabeculectomy with the merits of simplicity and fewer complications.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen on cerebral arteriosclerosis vertigo. Methods 100 patients were divided into treatment group (n=54) and control group (n=46). The treatment group accepted medicine and hyperbaric oxygen, while the control group accepted medicine only. The incidence of improvement and the measures of transcranial Doppler (TCD) were observed after treatment. Results The rate of improvement was 92.6% in the treatment group and 78.3% in the control group (P<0.05). The abnormal rates of TCD was 33.3% in the treatment group and 56.5% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is effective on cerebral arteriosclerosis vertigo.

Objective To detect the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-25 and IL-33 in peripheral blood of patients with chronic urticaria.Methods Ninety-three patients with chronic urticaria were included in this study along with 30 healthy individuals.All the patients were treated with loratadine for four weeks.Blood samples were collected from the healthy controls and patients before and after the four-week treatment.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the serum levels of IL-25 and IL-33.The relationship between the expression levels of the two cytokines and urticaria severity was analyzed.Results The serum levels of IL-25 and IL-33 in the patients before treatment were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (IL-25,139.86 ± 28.48 vs.114.41 ± 34.00 ng/L,P ＜ 0.01; IL-33,91.95 ± 21.88 vs.79.80 ± 30.72 ng/L,P ＜ 0.05),and positively correlated with the severity of urticaria (r =0.38,0.42,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).After four weeks of treatment,clinical improvement was observed in 81.72％ of these patients with a significant decrease in the serum IL-25 level (116.48 ± 21.94 vs.139.86 ± 28.48 ng/L,P ＜ 0.01),but no obvious changes in the serum IL-33 level (90.88 ± 20.62 vs.91.95 ± 21.88 ng/L,P ＞ 0.05) compared with those before treatment.Conclusions The expressions of IL-25 and IL-33 are elevated in peripheral blood of patients with chronic urticaria,and positively correlated with the severity of urticaria.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors of insomnia among adults in YiBin City. Meth?ods Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, 12000 subjects over 18 years old were identified in YiBin City. The subjects were screened using the insomnia survey self-edited and risk factors of insomnia were identified through logistic analysis. Results A total of 11227 subjects completed the survey in which 1671 people (14.9%, 95%CI:14.2%~15.5%) were diagnosed insomnia using ICD-10. Among them, 9.4% (157 patients) had seeked for professional help. The multi?variate logistic analysis showed that low level of life quality(OR=2.42,P<0.01), jobless(OR=1.87,P<0.01), over 60 years old(OR=1.69,P<0.01), fewer years of education(OR=1.41,P<0.01), female(OR=1.41,P<0.01)and lower annu?al per capita income(OR=1.15,P=0.01)were risk factors in insomnia people. Conclusion The incidence of insomnia is high in YiBin city. Sleep quality in high-risk group needs more attention and corresponding measures should be taken in order to increase the rate of asking for help in insomnia people.

Objective To investigate the incidences, risk factors, genotypes and epidemiology of community-acquired blood stream infection caused by extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strains and to analyze the sensitivity of those ESBLs producing strains to commonly used antibiotics. Methods Forty-two patients who were diagnosed with community-ac-quired blood stream infection caused by Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumonia strains in Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital were recruited in this study. Disc diffusion method was used for the phenotypic confirmato-ry test of ESBLs. Agar dilution method was performed to measure the antimicrobial susceptibility of the ESBLs-producing strains to 13 clinically commonly used antibiotics. Genotypes of the ESBLs-producing strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyze the epidemiology of ESBLs-producing strains. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for community-acquired blood stream infection. Results The ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli strains accounted for 56. 3% (18 / 32) and the ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains accounted for 20% (2 / 10). All of the 20 ESBLs-producing strains were sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, ertapen-em, nitrofurantoin and moxalactam. The ESBLs-producing strains sensitive to amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and fosfomycin accounted for 95% , 90% and 85% , respectively. Drug resistance rates of the 20 strains to cefotaxime, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and cefepime were relatively high accounting for 100% , 80% , 80% and 75% , respectively. Among the 20 ESBLs-producing strains, 7 strains only carried the CTM gene, while the other 13 strains were all positive for two genotypes of ESBLs, mainly identified as TEM+CTM-M-14 and TEM+CTM-15 genotypes. The 18 Escherichia coli strains were classified into 10 ST types, most of which were ST131 type, followed by ST10 and ST38 types. This study indicated that malignant tumor might be a possible risk factor. Conclusion The prevalence of community-acquired blood stream infection caused by ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli strains was becoming increasingly serious. Malignant tumor might be the risk factor associated with the producing of ESBLs in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strains. TEM+CTX-M-14 was the predominant genotype of ESBLs-producing strains and the prevalent clone was ST131 type. Carbapenems and enzyme inhibitor compounds were ideal drugs for the treatment of commu-nity-acquired blood stream infection caused by ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strains. This study was limited by the small sample size. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further resear-ches based on a large number of samples.

Objective:To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of serum exosome-derived cirC_0009362 on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymalstem cells (hBMSCs) .Methods:Serum samples from patients with osteoporosis (OP) were collected and exosomes were isolated. The expression level of circ_0009362 in exosomes was detected by qRT-PCR. hBMSCs osteogenesis was induced and the expression of circ_0009362 and miR-29b-3p was detected. The interaction between circ_0009362 and miR-29b-3p was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit was used to detect ALP activity and alizarin red (ARS) staining was used to detect calcium deposition.Results:Compared with healthy control group, the expression of circ_0009362 in serum exosomes of OP patients was increased, and the expression of circ_0009362 was decreased after inducing hBMSCs osteogenesis (all P<0.05) . The ALP activity and the percentage of calcium deposition in hBMSCs were decreased by exosomes, and this effect was achieved by secreting circ_0009362. The effect of exosomes was partially offset by circ_0009362 expression in knockdown exosomes (all P<0.05) . The expression of miR-29b-3p was increased after inducing hBMSCs osteogenesis ( P<0.05) . Circ_0009362 had a targeting relationship with miR-29b-3p, and exosomes inhibited the expression of miR-29b-3p by secreting circ_0009362. The ALP activity and the percentage of calcium deposition in hBMSCs were promoted by overexpression of miR-29b-3p, which was partially offset by exosomes (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Serum exosomes of OP patients inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by secreting circ_0009362 to down-regulate the expression of miR-29b-3p.

Abstract Fear of missing out is an emerging type of anxiety disorder in the context of the Internet and has showed significant impacts on physical and mental health of college students. The review provides an overview on the connotation, extension, and adverse effects, as well as potential underlying mechanisms of fear of missing out in mobile social media among college students, which aims to highlight future attention, as well as prevention and intervention reference on fear of missing out in college students.

In recent years,the morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been increasing worldwide,and the treatment strategies for HCC are still insufficient,which highlights the importance of exploring the pathogenesis and progression of HCC.Transient receptor potential(TRP)pathway is an important non-selective cation pathway,which is closely related to inflammatory response and sensory conduction.At present,a number of studies have shown that TRP pathway is also involved in the occurrence and development of HCC,inducing HCC invasion and migration.However,the overall potential mechanism and possible signal transduction pathways of TRP pathway in HCC remain unclear.Therefore,this article discusses the abnormal expression of TRP pathway in HCC,and reviews the key biological events of TRP pathway involved in the formation and progression of HCC,such as chronic liver inflammation-fibrosis progression,HCC cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis and HCC stem cell generation,and looks forward to its application prospect in HCC treatment.The aim is to better un-derstand the significance of TRP pathway in HCC,help to find new therapeutic targets and effective drugs,and open up a new situation for future clinical treatment.