Objective To investigate the relationship between metabolites of sodium arsenite and sodium dihydrogen arsenate with related metabolic enzymes in kidney of male rats.Methods According to body mass,thirty-five male Wistar rats(body mass 150-190 g) were divided into 7 groups by random number table.Control group drank deionized water; the contents of iAsⅢ in low,medium and high arsenite groups and the contents of iAsv in low,medium and high of sodium dihydrogen arsenate groups were 2.2,6.7 and 20.0 mg/kg,respectively.After 3 months,kidneys were collected and stored at-80 C; high performance liquid chromatography and hydride genesis atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (HPLC-HGAFS) was used to determine the level of arsenic metabolites in kidney,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect and analyze the content or the activity of metabolic enzymes,meanwhile correlation studies between the level of metabolites and the activity of metabolic enzymes were carried out.Results The differences of total arsenic (TAs),dimethyl arsenic acid (DMA),monomethyl arsenic acid (MMA) and methyl transferase enzyme activity in kidneys of rats between groups were statistically significant (F =1874.672,H =33.513,31.002,F =79.607,all P ＜ 0.01).The TAs[(526.52 ± 25.56),(1 654.00 ± 101.55),(1 904.24 ± 104.76)μg,/kg] and DMA[(323.20 + 16.13),(1 444.40 ± 113.81),(1 765.40 ± 104.39)μg/kg] of sodium arsenite in low,medium and high dose groups were higher than those of the corresponding sodium dihydrogen arsenate groups [(235.70 ± 6.23),(471.05 ± 18.32),(1 677.40 ± 83.29)μg/kg,and(0.00 ± 0.00),(1.75 ± 0.16),(410.50 ± 19.76)μg/kg,P ＜ 0.0024 or ＜ 0.05] ; the MMA[(4.02 + 0.86),(4.20 ± 0.65),(4.04 ± 0.80)μg/kg] of sodium arsenite in low,medium and high dose groups were lower than those of the corresponding sodium dihydrogen arsenate groups[(98.90 ± 9.59),(376.50 ± 15.41),(1 131.90 ± 74.26) μg/kg,all P＜ 0.05]; the methyl transferase enzyme activities[(7.80 ± 0.93),(5.55 ± 0.49),(3.56 ± 0.26)U/g] of sodium arsenite in low,medium and high dose groups were lower than those of the corresponding sodium dihydrogen arsenate group[(11.59 ± 0.93),(8.93 ± 0.88),(6.52 ± 1.04)U/g,all P ＜ 0.0024].The DMA of sodium arsenite in low,medium and high dose groups,the MMA of sodium dihydrogen arsenate in medium and high dose groups were positively correlated with those of TAs in each group(r =0.970,0.984,0.997,0.947,0.961,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Effects of sodium arsenite and sodium dihydrogen arsenate on arsenic metobdites and related metabolic enzymes in kidney of rats are different.The function of sodium dihydrogen arsenate in promoting methyl transferase activity is stronger than that of sodium arsenite,which affects the amount and distribution of arsenic methylation metabolites in kidney.

Objective: To analyze and assess the current status of high blood pressure and associated factors among primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang in 2023, so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control decision making of high blood pressure among students. Methods: From September to November 2023, a total of 94 205 primary and secondary school students aged 8-17 from 14 prefectures and cities in Xinjiang, were selected for physical measurement and questionnaire survey using a stratified clustering random sampling method. The χ 2 test was employed to compare differences in high blood pressure rates among students with varying characteristics. Additionally, a Logistic regression model was developed to analyze associated factors with high blood pressure among primary and secondary school students. Results: The overall high blood pressure rate among primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang was 8.18%, with simple systolic hypertension being the main type at 52.16%. By educational stages, high blood pressure rates for elementary school (grades 4-6), middle school, high school and vocational high school were 8.04%, 8.59%, 7.65%, and 9.72% respectively ( χ 2=29.16, P <0.01). The high blood pressure rates among obese and overweight students were 9.93% and 17.88% respectively, significantly higher than 5.32% among normal weight students ( χ 2=1 643.14, P < 0.01 ). The high blood pressure rate among urban students (8.73%) was higher than that of rural students (7.15%) ( χ 2=71.58, P <0.01). Logistic regression model analysis showed increased high blood pressure risk for girls than boys ( OR = 1.06 ); middle school, high school, and vocational high school students had increased high blood pressure risk compared to elementary school students ( OR =1.22, 1.16, 1.70); rural students had lower high blood pressure risk than urban students ( OR =0.90); the risk of high blood pressure in overweight and obese groups was higher than that in the normal group ( OR =1.54, 3.00), and the risk of high blood pressure in boarding students was lower than that in non boarding students ( OR =0.71)( P <0.01). Conclusions In Xinjiang in 2023, primary and secondary school students have a certain rate of high blood pressure, mainly characterized by elevated systblood pressure lower. The main prevention and control targets are females, urban residents, those in higher academic stages, non boarding students, as well as overweight and obese primary and secondary school students.

Objective:To learn about the arsenic status of drinking water in Urumqi City and evaluate its health risk, so as to provide scientific basis for the construction of water improvement projects in Urumqi City.Methods:From 2018 to 2020, 687 water samples were collected at monitoring sites in 7 districts and 1 county of Urumqi City for three consecutive years, and arsenic in drinking water was detected according to "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water - Nonmetal Parameters" (GB/T 5750.5-2006), and the arsenic in drinking water was evaluated according to "Standards for Drinking Water" (GB/T 5749-2006). The health risk of arsenic in drinking water in Urumqi City was evaluated by using the health risk assessment model recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).Results:All of 687 water samples were centralized water supply, the arsenic compliance rates in dry season ( n = 342) and wet season ( n = 345), surface water ( n = 414) and underground water ( n = 273) were 100.0%. In dry season, the carcinogenic risk of arsenic via drinking water was 8.24 × 10 -6/a. In wet season, the carcinogenic risk of arsenic via drinking water was 3.30 × 10 -6/a. Conclusions:Remarkable achievements have been made in the construction of water improvement projects in Urumqi City, and the drinking water arsenic condition is good, the health risk of arsenic via drinking water is small. In the future, we should continue to strengthen the monitoring of drinking water quality, promote the construction of water improvement projects, further improve the drinking water sanitation, and put forward targeted prevention and control measures to ensure drinking water safety.