To evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism .SVS APEX excimer laser with a wave length of 193 nm(Sumit Technology Inc. Waltham, Mass, USA) was applied. 316 myopic eyes of 168 patients were treated with PRK between September, 1996 and October, 1997, and 260 eyes (84%) of 150 patients were followed for more than three months, including male 68(116 eyes, 40.1%) and female 82(144 eyes, 59.9%). The preoperative spherical equivalent refractive errors ranged from -1.25D to -10.00 (mean -4.67±1.63D), and astigmatism ranged from 0 to -2.00D (means -0.33±0.45D). We divided the patients into two groups according to the referaction: group A (from -1.25D to -5.90D) and group B(from -6.00 to -10.00D). The number of eyes in the two groups were 220 and 40 respectively. In group A, on the 10th day, 68.9% has the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). In 1,3,6 and 12 months, 90%, 96%, 95% and 94% had the UCVA equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative BCVA respectively. In group B, on the 10 th day, in 1,3,6 and 12 months, UCVA equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative BCVA occurred in 35.9%, 83%, 87%, 86%, and 84% of the cases respectively. Most of the haze showed 0.5～1 grades except 3 eyes with the haze of 2 grade in 3 or 6 months and it changed to 1 and 0.5 grade respectively within one year. In 10 days and 1,3,6,12 months postoperatively, the corneal haze was noted in 32.9%, 84.8%, 62.8%,9.0% and 2.8% of the treated eyes respectively. We found that 193 nm excimer laser PRK was a predictable, safe, stable, and effective refractive surgery for correcting myopia up to -10.00D in Chinese patients, and the effect was better in myopia lower than -6.00D.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of oxaliplatin and S-1 in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer.Methods A total of 72 patients with advanced breast cancer after the treatment failuer of anthracycline and taxane were treated with oxaliplatin and S-1.The first day,they were given oxaliplatin,135 mg/m2,with the 5％ glucose injection 500 ml,the time of intravenous drip should be more than 2 hours.And the S-1 was taken after breakfast and dinner,the dose was 40-60 mg,and the time of duration was 2 weeks,then they had 7 days to rest.The cycle was 21 days.Every 2 cycles,we estimated the efficacy.Patients who were effective and stable kept that chemotherapy regimens,the maximum duration was 6 cycles.The efficacy and toxicities were evaluated after cycles of chemotherapy.Results Two cases (2.8％) had complete response (CR),26 cases (36.1％) had partial response (PR).The response rate (RR) was 38.9％ and the disease control rate (DCR) was 69.4％.The median progress free survival (PFS) was 7.7 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.3 months.Subgroup analysis showed that the OS of patients who belong to stage Ⅳ,had two or more metastases or with failure treatment after being treated with anthracycline and taxane was notably shorter than the patients who belong to stage Ⅲ C,only one metastasis,with effective treatment after being treated with anthracycline and taxane,and the differences were statistically significant (10.5 months vs.15.0 months,x2 =4.469,P =0.035;9.3 months vs.15.0 months,x2 =8.297,P=0.004;10.0 months vs.14.0 months,x2 =4.077,P=0.043).The main side effects were neutropenia (19.4％),nausea (8.3％) and nerve toxicity (2.8％),mainly 3-4 degree,and could be welltolerated.The others were diarrhea,impaired liver function,stomatitis,anemia and hand-foot syndrome,mainly 1-2 degree.Conclusion Oxaliplatin combined with S-1 is effective and tolerable in treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer,the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

Objective To study the relationship between the asthenia TCM syndromes in embryonic development stops and the level of zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium in serum, and provide thoughts for assisting reproduction and preventing miscarriage. Methods Totally 100 patients of embryonic development stops were selected randomly (6-10 weeks gestation) to be the investigated group, with other 100 cases of live fetus as the control group. The contents of trace elements in serum were detected with atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The levels of trace elements in embryonic development stops patients were generally lower than the control group. The serum iron in patients with spleen deficiency syndrome, and serum zinc and iron in patients with kidney deficiency syndrome were significant lower (P<0.05). Conclusion The contents of trace elements in serum have relationships with asthenia TCM syndromes in embryonic development stops. It should be paid attention to supplementing trace elements during the gestation period. For patients with deficiency of kidney and spleen, the supplement of zinc and iron should be given greater prominence.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of photorefractive keratectomy(PRK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism.Methods SVS APEX PLUS excimer laser with a wave length of 193nm(Summit Technology Inc.Waltham,Mass,USA) was applied.Three hundred and sixteen myopic eyes of 168 patients were treated with PRK from Suptember 1996 to October 1997,and 260 eyes(84%) of 150 patients were followed-up for more than three month,including male 68(116 eyes,40.1%) and female 82(144 eyes,59.9%).The preoperative spherical equivalent refractive errors ranged from -1.25D to -10.00D(mean -4.67D± 1.63D),and astigmatism ranged from 0 to -2.00D(mean -0.33D±0.45D). The patients were divided into two groups according to the refraction:group A(from -1.25D to -5.90D) and group B(from -6.00D to -10.00D).The number of eyes in the two groups were 220 and 40,respectively.Results In group A,After 10 days,68.9% had the uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).After 1 ,3,6 and 12 months,90%,96%,95% and 94% had the UCVA equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative BCVA,respectively.In group B,after 10 days,1,3,6 and 12 months,UCVA equal to or one line better or lower than the preoperative BCVA occurred in 35.9%,83.0%,87.0%,86.0% and 84.0% of the patients respectively. Most of the haze showed 0.5～1 grades except 3 eyes with the haze of 2 grade at 3 or 6 months and it changed to l and 0.5 grade respectively at one year.after 10 days and 1,3,6,12 months postoperatively,the corneal haze was noted in 32.9%,84.8%,62.8%,9.0%and 2.8% of the treated eyes respectively.Conclusion We found that the 193nm excimer laser PRK is a predictable,safe,stable,and effective refractive surgery for correcting myopia up to-10.00D in Chinese patients,and the effect is better in myopia lower than -6.00D.

Objective: To investigate the levels of vitamin D and the correlation between DPN and vitamin D in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN). Methods: A total of 849 patients aged 60 years and over admitted into endocrinology department from June 2016 to September 2017 were enrolled in this retrospective case-control study.According to DPN diagnostic criteria, patients were divided into the non-DPN group(n=542)and the DPN group(n=307). The 25(OH)-vitamin D[25(OH)D]level and blood biochemical parameters were determined and compared between the two groups.The risk factors for DPN were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and plotting receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves. Results: The mean of serum 25(OH)D level in the 849 patients was 43.9±19.4 nmol/L.Serum 25(OH)D level was lower in the DPN patients than in the non-DPN patients[(40.9±20.4)nmol/L vs.(45.7±18.6)nmol/L, P<0.05]. The incidence of 25(OH)D deficiency was higher in the DPN group than in the non-DPN group(72.3% or 222/307 vs. 64.6% or 350/542, P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that 25(OH)D was a protective factor for DPN(OR=0.980, 95% CI: 0.964~0.995, P<0.05)and the disease duration was a risk factor for DPN(OR=1.048, 95% CI: 1.027~1.070, P<0.001). ROC analysis indicated that the diagnostic cut-off value of serum 25(OH)D for predicting DPN was 37.5nmol/L, with a Youden index of 0.17, sensitivity of 0.65 and specificity of 0.52. Conclusions The 25(OH)D level is much lower in diabetic patients, especially in DPN patients.Higher 25(OH)VD level might be a protective factor for DPN, and vitamin D might be one of potential biomarkers for DPN in diabetic patients.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. As a primary prevention measure, especially in developing countries, HPV vaccine can greatly reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.However, researches on the safety, efficacy, and coverage of the HPV vaccine still remain insufficient. Therefore, in this review, we outlined the recent research progress of the HPV vaccine in terms of immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, latest vaccination concepts and strategies. It may provide a theoretical basis for further research on the use of the HPV vaccine.

Objective This study aims to investigate possible hub genes,associated pathways,and transcription fac-tors between chronic periodontitis(CP)and Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods Gene expression profiles of CP(GSE16134,GSE23586,and GSE10334)and PD(GSE20141 and GSE49036)were downloaded from the gene expres-sion omnibus(GEO)database for differential expression analysis and functional clustering analysis.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed,and hub genes were screened by four topological analysis algorithms and modular segmentation.Functional clustering analysis was performed.The hub genes were validated by external datasets of CP and PD,and causal relation was further assessed by Mendelian randomization(MR).Results After merging the data,1 211 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened in the CP datasets;of which,551 were upregulated and 660 were downregulated.A total of 2 407 DEGs were screened in the PD dataset,of which,1 438 were upregulated and 969 were downregulated.The PPI network included 145 nodes and 126 edges.Four hub genes(FCGR3B,PRF1,IL18,and CD33)and three transcription factors(HSF1,HSF2,and HSF4)were finally screened.The relevant pathway was pre-dominantly natural killer(NK)cell-mediated toxic effects.The MR results suggest a possible positive causal relationship between CP and the risk of developing PD.Conclusion This study indicated the probably shared pathophysiology and possible causal relationship between CP and PD and may offer novel concepts and therapeutic targets for future mecha-nistic investigations.

Objective:To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in bone marrow fluid and peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its effect on the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC).Methods:Fifty bone marrow fluid samples and 50 peripheral blood samples were collected from 50 patients with AML diagnosed in the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from October 2017 to January 2019, of which 17 patients were newly diagnosed, 26 patients were complete remission (CR), and 7 patients were partial remission (PR) or non-remission (NR). Fifty plasma samples from 50 healthy subjects and 50 bone marrow fluid samples from 50 patients with iron deficiency anemia were used as the controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of MIF protein in the samples, and the relationship between MIF expression level and clinicopathological characteristics of AML patients was analyzed. BM-MSC was successfully isolated and cultured from 42 bone marrow fluid samples of AML patients, the suitable samples for experiment were chosen and divided into BM-MSC control group (untreated BM-MSC), recombinant human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (rhMIF) group and rhMIF+ISO-1 group. ELISA and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression level of IL-8 protein and mRNA in each BM-MSC group.Results:The expression levels of MIF protein in bone marrow fluid and plasma in AML group were (24.9±7.7) ng/ml and (60.5±12.1) ng/ml, the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01), and those in control group were (5.3±2.6) ng/ml and (2.0±1.1) ng/ml, respectively, and there were statistical differences between the two groups (t values were 136.71, 33.97 and 17.58, all P < 0.01). MIF protein expression levels in bone marrow fluid and plasma of AML patients in newly diagnosed group and PR+NR group were higher than those in CR group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). MIF protein expression levels were higher in bone marrow fluid and plasma of patients with ≥60 years of age, peripheral blood white blood cell count ≥30×10 9/L and bone marrow myeloblast ratio > 0.50 (all P < 0.05), but the differences were not statistically significant between patients with different gender (both P > 0.05). The detection results of each BM-MSC group showed that rhMIF promoted the IL-8 expression in BM-MSC at the gene and protein levels, which could be inhibited by the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 (all P < 0.01). Conclusion:The increased expression levels of MIF in bone marrow fluid and plasma of patients with AML are associated with the disease progression, and rhMIF can promote the expression of IL-8 in BM-MSC.