Objective:Based on cancer registry data, the present work aimed to analyze breast cancer survival and epidemiology in China. Methods:The cancer data was retrieved from the National Central Cancer Registry Database. The new diagnosis situation and the number of deaths due to breast cancers were estimated. The time trend and survival for breast cancer were also analyzed. Results:About 249,000 new cases, with a 37.86/100,000 crude incidence rate, of female breast cancer were diagnosed in China in 2011. The crude incidence rate increased over the past ten years, and the trend for age-standardized rate increased gradually. Approximately 60,000 deaths were caused by breast cancer in China in 2011, with a crude mortality rate of 9.21/100,000. The crude mortality for females with breast cancer in China increased over the past several decades;however, after regulation of age-standardized rate, this increasing trend declined. The combined 5 year age-standardized relative survival rate was 73.0%(95%CI:71.2%to 74.9%), and the 1, 3, and 5 year observed survival rates were 90.5%, 80.0%, and 72.7%, respectively. Conclusion:Breast cancer is a major cancer that threatens the people in China. Therefore, the burden of breast cancer is still heavy. The task of cancer treatment remains severe and serious.

Objective To predict the disease burden of kidney cancer and to provide basic information for etiology and control planning.Methods We retrieved incidence data of kidney cancer from 18 urban cancer registries from National Central Cancer Registry during ten years period from 1998 to 2007.Ageperiod-cohort Bayesian model was applied for modeling to predict kidney cancer incidence in urban China in 2008-2015.Results Between 1998 and 2007,the incidence of kidney cancer in urban registration areas kept increasing dramatically.Incidence for male raised from 3.12/100 000 in 1998 to 5.36/100 000 in 2007 and from 1.66/100 000 to 2.67/100 000 for female.Different models showed that the increase was mainly caused by a cohort effect (P ＜ 0.001).The predicted incidence rate of kidney cancer for the year 2015 is 9.93 per 100 000 in male and 4.54 per 100 000 in female.The number of new cases will rise to 52 259 in 2015,including 36 616 men and 15 643 women.Conclusions The burden of kidney cancer in urban areas would increase due to the effect of age and cohort.Kidney cancer will become one of the main cancers threatening people's health in urban areas in China.Etiology research and planning of prevention and control for kidney cancer should be enhanced.

Objective:Population-based cancer registration data were used to analyze stomach cancer epidemiology in China. Meth-ods:Stomach cancer data were retrieved from the National Central Cancer Registry Database, and incident and death cases were esti-mated. The trend of stomach cancer was analyzed. Results:Approximately 424,000 new cancer cases and 298,000 cancer deaths oc-curred in China in 2012. The incidence and mortality rates of stomach cancer in urban males and females remained stable in 2000-2012, whereas the rates in rural males increased and less changes were observed in rural females. After age standardization, both inci-dence and mortality rates significantly decreased. The five-year age-standardized relative survival rate was 27.4% (95%CI: 26.7%-18.1%) in 2003-2005. Conclusion:Stomach cancer is a common cancer, which has heavy burden in China, particularly in rural areas. Ef-forts should be exerted for the prevention and control of the disease.

Objective To analyze corpus uteri epidemiology in selected cancer registering areas of China during 2003-2007,and to provide scientific information for its prevention and control in China.Methods The incident and mortality data of corpus uteri cancer in 32 cancer registering areas of China with better quality during 2003-2007,which were selected according to the criteria of and provided by National Center for Cancer Registration,were analyzed.Results There were 8850 new cases and 1559 death cases of corpus uteri cancer,which accounted for 2.96％ ( 8 850/299 306 ) of all female new cancer cases and 0.94％ ( 1 559/166 305) of all female cancer death cases,respectively.Corpus uteri cancer was the 9th most common cancer for all new female cancer cases which world age adjusted incidence rates was 5.04/105,and 19th most common cancer for all female cancer death cases which world age adjusted mortality rate was 0.83/105 in 32 selected cancer registering areas of China during 2003-2007.Zhongshan city,Guangzhou city in Guangdong province and Beijing were the areas with the highest incidence rates in which were 14.51/105,8.51/105 and 6.69/105,respectively.Zhongshan city in Guangdong province,Dafeng city in Jiangsu province and Feicheng city in Shandong province were the areas with the highest mortality rates,in which were 4.03/105,3.19/10s and 1.65/105 respectively during 2003-2007.There were increasing trends for its incidence rates in above 32 areas during 2003-2007,its world age adjusted incidence rates increased from 3.94/105 in 2003 to 5.56/105 in 2007 ( P =0.026 ),while its urban world age adjusted incidence rates increased from 4.57/105 in 2003 to 6.18/105 in 2007 (P =0.038),and rural rates increased from 1.74/105 in 2003 to 3.01/105 in 2007 ( P =0.013 ),and the results showed that urban areas obviously higher than rural areas ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Although there was a slow increasing trend for its world age adjusted mortality rates in above 32 areas during 2003-2007 which increased from 0.64/105 in 2003 to 0.87/105 in 2007 ( P =0.214 ),and from 0.66/105 in 2003 to 0.88/105 in 2007 in urban areas ( P =0.340 ),and from 0.57/105 in 2003 to 0.83/105 in 2007 in rural areas( P =0.070),while increasing trends without statistical significance.But mortality rates in urban areas were obviously higher than those of rural areas (P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions Although the world standardized incidence and mortality rates of corpus uteri cancer were at low level worldwide,there were increasing trends for its incidence rates during 2003-2007 in the 32 selected cancer registering areas of China.Moreover,its incidence and mortality rates were at high level worldwide in some areas such as Zhongshan city of Guangdong province and Dafeng city of Jiangsu province during the period,in which suggested that its prevention and control should be enhanced.

Introduction:Population-based cancer registration data are collected by the National Central Cancer Registry in China every year.Cancer incident cases and cancer deaths in 2013 were analyzed.Methods:Through the procedure of quality control,reported data from 255 registries were accepted to establish the national database for cancer estimates.Incidences and mortalities were calculated with stratification by area (urban/ rural),sex (male/female),age group (0,1-4,5-9,10-14...80-84,and 85-year-old and above),and cancer site.The structure of Segi's population was used for the calculation of age-standardized rates (ASR).Top 10 most common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths were listed.Results:In 2013,3,682,200 new cancer cases and 2,229,300 cancer deaths were estimated in China based on the pooled data from 255 cancer registries,covering 16.6S％ of the national population.The incidence was 270.59/100,000,with an ASR of 186.15/100,000;the mortality was 166.83/100,000,with an ASR of 108.94/100,000.The top 10 most common cancer sites were the lung,stomach,liver,colorectum,female breast,esophagus,thyroid,cervix,brain,and pancreas.The ten leading causes of cancer deaths were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal cancer,pancreatic cancer,female breast cancer,brain tumor,leukemia,and lymphoma.Conclusions:Cancer leaves serious disease burden in China with high incidence and mortality.Lung cancer was the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China.Efficient control strategy is needed,especially for major cancers.

Background: The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) collected population-based cancer registration data in 2012 from local registries and estimated the cancer incidence and mortality in China. Methods: In the middle of 2015, 261 cancer registries submitted reports on new cancer cases and deaths occurred in 2012. Qualiifed data from 193 registries were used for analysis after evaluation. Crude rates, number of cases, and age-standardized rates stratiifed by area (urban/rural), sex, age group, and cancer type were calculated according to the national population in 2012. Results: The covered population were 198,060,406 from 193 qualiifed cancer registries (74 urban and 119 rural reg-istries). The major indicators of quality control, percentage of cases morphologically veriifed (MV%), death certiifcate-only cases (DCO%), and the mortality to incidence (M/I) ratio, were 69.13%, 2.38%, and 0.62, respectively. It was esti-mated that there were 3,586,200 new cancer cases and 2,186,600 cancer deaths in 2012 in China with an incidence of 264.85/100,000 [age-standardized rate of incidence by the Chinese standard population (ASRIC) of 191.89/100,000] and a mortality of 161.49/100,000 [age-standardized rate of mortality by the Chinese standard population (ASRMC) of 112.34/100,000]. The ten most common cancer sites were the lung, stomach, liver, colorectum, esophagus, female breast, thyroid, cervix, brain, and pancreas, accounting for approximately 77.4%of all new cancer cases. The ten lead-ing causes of cancer death were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancre-atic cancer, female breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia, and lymphoma, accounting for 84.5%of all cancer deaths. Conclusions: Continuous cancer registry data provides basic information in cancer control programs. The cancer burden in China is gradually increasing, both in urban and rural areas, in males and females. Effcient cancer preven-tion and control, such as health education, tobacco control, and cancer screening, should be paid attention by the health sector and the whole society of China.

Background and objective hTe lung cancer incidence was signiifcantly increased in the past two de-cades in China. But the secular trend of lung cancer incidence difference between gender (male and female), area (urban and rural) and average age was not clear. hTe aim of this study is to analyze the trend of lung cancer incidence rate ratio between gender, area and average age in China during 1989-2008, and provide some inspiration for lung cancer prevention and control activities. Methods Cancer registry data and population data in China from 1989 to 2008 were collected by the National Cancer Registration Center. Stratiifed for gender and area, Poisson regression model was used to estimate annual lung cancer incidence rate ratio between male and female, urban and rural areas. hTe average age of lung cancer incidence was calculated. Linear regression was used to model the trend of annual incidence rate ratio and average age over time. Results Incidence rate ratios of lung cancer between male and female, urban and rural areas were signiifcantly decreased from 2.47 and 2.07 to 2.28 and 1.14 during 1989-2008, respectively. Meanwhile, the average age of lung cancer incidence among male and female dramati-cally increased from 65.32 and 65.14 to 67.87 and 68.05, respectively. Conclusion hTe difference of lung cancer incidence between male and female, urban and rural areas remarkably decreased from 1989 to 2008. hTe average age of lung cancer oc-currence gradually increased. Researches, prevention and control activities on lung cancer with consideration of new incidence pattern should be strengthened.

Objective The national population?based cancer registration data were used to analyze the liver cancer incidence and trend in China,in order to provide advise for making further strategy on liver cancer prevention and control. Methods Liver cancer data of 2011 were retrieved from the database of the National Cancer Registry. The incident cases of liver cancer were estimated using age?specific rate by urban or rural areas and gender according to the national population in 2011. Liver cancer incidence data from 22 cancer registries were used to analyze the incidence trend during 2000?2011. Results The estimates of new cases of liver cancer were about 356 thousand in China in 2011. The incidence rate was 26.39/105 , and the age?standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world population were 19.48/105 and 19.10/105, respectively.There was an increasing trend of incidence rate of liver cancer in China during 2000?2011 with an average annual percentage change(AAPC) of 1.0%(95%CI:0.5%?1.4%), 1.2%(95%CI:0.7%?1.8%)in urban areas and 1.1%(95%CI:0.5%?1.8%) in rural areas. After age standardization, the incidence rate was significantly decreased, with an AAPC of -1. 8%( 95%CI:-2. 4% to -1. 2%) ,-1. 6%(95%CI: -2.2% to -0.9%)in urban and -1.4% (95%CI:-2.5% to -0.3%)in rural areas. Conclusions Liver cancer is a common cancer in China. As changing in people′s dietary habits and implementing neonatal HBV vaccination for years, the exposure to risk factors is reducing, and age?standardized incidence rate is decreasing. While cardinal number of population is big and aging population is growing rapidly in the country, trend of incidence rate is increasing,and the burden of liver cancer is still high in China.

Objective Based on the cancer registry data to analyze the mortality and survival of liver cancer in China. Methods Liver cancer data of 2011 were retrieved from the National Cancer Registry Database.Liver cancer deaths were estimated using age?specific rate by areas and gender according to the national population in 2011. Mortality data from 22 cancer registries during 2000?2011 were used to analyze the mortality trend, and data from 17 cancer registries during 2003?2005 were used for survival analysis. Results The estimates of liver cancer deaths were about 322 thousand in 2011 with a crude mortality rate of 23.93/105.There was an increasing trend of crude mortality rate of liver cancer during 2000?2011 in 22 Chinese cancer registries with an average annual percentage change of 0.7%(95%CI:0.2%?1.2%), 1.1%in urban and 0. 4% in rural areas. After age standardization with Segi′s population, the mortality rate was significantly decreased, with an APC of -2.3%, -1.9% in urban and -2.2% in rural populations. The 5?year age standardized relative survival was 10.1%(95%CI:9.5% to 10.7%), and the 1?, 3?and the 5?year observed survival rates were 27.2%, 12.7%, and 8.9%, respectively. Conclusion Liver cancer is a major cancer threatening people′s lives and health in China, and the liver cancer burden is still high.

Objective The national population?based cancer registration data were used to analyze the liver cancer incidence and trend in China,in order to provide advise for making further strategy on liver cancer prevention and control. Methods Liver cancer data of 2011 were retrieved from the database of the National Cancer Registry. The incident cases of liver cancer were estimated using age?specific rate by urban or rural areas and gender according to the national population in 2011. Liver cancer incidence data from 22 cancer registries were used to analyze the incidence trend during 2000?2011. Results The estimates of new cases of liver cancer were about 356 thousand in China in 2011. The incidence rate was 26.39/105 , and the age?standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world population were 19.48/105 and 19.10/105, respectively.There was an increasing trend of incidence rate of liver cancer in China during 2000?2011 with an average annual percentage change(AAPC) of 1.0%(95%CI:0.5%?1.4%), 1.2%(95%CI:0.7%?1.8%)in urban areas and 1.1%(95%CI:0.5%?1.8%) in rural areas. After age standardization, the incidence rate was significantly decreased, with an AAPC of -1. 8%( 95%CI:-2. 4% to -1. 2%) ,-1. 6%(95%CI: -2.2% to -0.9%)in urban and -1.4% (95%CI:-2.5% to -0.3%)in rural areas. Conclusions Liver cancer is a common cancer in China. As changing in people′s dietary habits and implementing neonatal HBV vaccination for years, the exposure to risk factors is reducing, and age?standardized incidence rate is decreasing. While cardinal number of population is big and aging population is growing rapidly in the country, trend of incidence rate is increasing,and the burden of liver cancer is still high in China.