Disease Progression ; Facial Hemiatrophy ; surgery ; Humans

Objective To explore a method of modified technique of sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and to study the possibly more appropriate and effective methods for correction of mandibular de-formity. Methods 195 patients suffering from mandibular anomaly or accompanied by other deformities have been operated on by the modified or classical technique of SSRO. Results In the group of 105 cases treated by modified SSRO and the group of 90 classical SSRO, all the patients acheived excellent results. There was no statistic significance between the two groups. No complications occured, such as postopera-tive relapse, significant bleeding, postoperative infection, and others. Conclusion Since modified tech-nique of SSRO has more advantages than conventional classical technique, such as more area of bony con-tact, shorter-time operation, easier process: it is the preferred method for the correction of mandibular deformity. Accompanied by regularity and in time pre- and post-operational orthodontic therapy, it will be more widely used in the future.

Objective To correct bimaxillary protrusion by using b oth orthognathic operation and orthodontic treatment. Methods 46 bimaxillary protrusion patients, 7 male, 39 female, aged from 19 to 31 years (mean 24.2 years), were surgically corrected since 1996. Of them 31 cases underwent preoperative orthodontic treatment. Cephalometric analysis and model s urgery were performed in all patients and 4 kinds of operation methods were used to correct the deformity. All osteotomy segments were fixed with rigid internal fixation. 39 cases underwent postoperative orthodontic treatment. Re sults 34 cases had been followed-up for ranged from 12 to 72 months (mean 27.7months). All osteotomy segments healed well. There were no severe com plications and evident relapse. The maxillary osteotomy segments were moved back for average (6.3?0.9) mm and mandibular osteotomy segments for average (5.2?1 .2) mm. Both occluding relation and facial contour were satisfied. Co nclusion Bimaxillary protrusion can be satisfyingly corrected by usi ng both of orthognathic operation and orthodontic treatment.

AIM:Titanium-Nickel shape memory alloy(TiNi-SMA) has memory,abradability and good biocompatibility. It has different osteotomy methods and biomechanics from routine distraction osteogenesis. In this study,the dog models of mandibular defects were established to explore the effect of TiNi-SMA distractor with different osteotomy methods on mandibular distraction osteogenesis. METHODS:The experiment was performed at the animal experimental center of Sun Yat-sen University from October to December 2005. ①Eight male adult Beagle canines of 12-14 kg were selected. A 1.5 cm?1.0 cm bone defect was made in bilateral mandible of each dog. The same size transport bone disc was created mesially by osteotomy on left side and corticotomy on right side. TiNi-SMA distractor was implanted to repair defect. ②One,four,and seven days,and nine weeks after operation,the canines were radiographed for histological analysis and bone formation was observed. RESULTS:Eight dogs were all included in the final analysis. ①Gross observation found the wounds healed well without infection in all experiment dogs. ②X-ray examination showed the bone transport disc on the right side of corticotomy moved to defect area gradually after operation and filled defect area on the whole on the 7th day after operation;The bone transport disc dislocated 1 day after operation and separated from defect area totally on the 7th day after operation on the side of osteotomy(left side). ③ Histological examination demonstrated bone formed in accordance with intramembranous ossification in distraction zone and bony connection between the transport disc and mesial mandible on right side;On the left side,there was a big defect at the area of both distraction and defect zone because of dislocated bone transport disc,and no obvious new bone regeneration was found. CONCLUSION:Corticotomy can be used to establish a successfully canine model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

The surface-enhanced Raman spectra of bilirubin and biliverdin were obtained.By the bands analysis of the spectra,the orientation of bilirubin and biliverdin on the surface of silver colloid was discussed.In such case,the bilirubin was adsorbed on the silver colloid particle with the two planar pyrromethenone groups intercalated into the globe silver colloid particle,however,the biliverdin might lie flat on the surface of silver colloid with syn-synsyn conformation.

Objective To investigate global cerebral blood flow perfusion in fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD)by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D PD).Methods The vascular index (VI),flow index (FI)and vascular/flow index (VFI)in the global cerebral were prospectively compared in 1 12 fetuses with CHD and 1 12 normal fetuses using 3D PD.Correlations between the 3D PD indices and neurodevelopment scores were assessed.Results Compared with the controls,the VI,FI and VFI of the global brain were significantly increased in fetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and left sided obstructive lesions (LSOLs)(P <0.001).The mean psychomotor development index (PDI) and mental development index (MDI)scores were significantly lower than normal (P < 0.001 ).FI was positively correlated with PDI (r =0.342,P =0.029)and MDI (r =0.339,P =0.030).Conclusions Global cerebral blood flow perfusion was significantly increased in most fetuses with CHD and had association with neurodevelopment scores.3D PD ultrasound might help to identify cases of brain vasodilatation earlier and inform parental counseling.

OBJECTIVETo seek for the appropriate concentration, at which IGF-II can exerts its strong effects on postirradiation proliferation, physiological function and differentiation of the rat's osteoblast-like cells (ROB).

METHODSThe osteoblast-like cells used were isolated from the calvariae of neonatal (one-day-old) SD rats by sequential enzymatic digestion. The third passages of the cells were irradiated with gamma-ray from a (60)Co source at the doses of 100, 400, 600, and 900 cGy. The medium was changed immediately after irradiation and 5 concentrations of IGF-II, i.e., 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 microgram/L were added. 6 days after radiation (9 days in culture), the examination, or the measurement of relative cell number, was carried out.

RESULTSRadiation inhibited the ROB, even lethally. IGF-II completely counteracted the inhibitory effects when the cells were exposed to the radiation at lower dose (100 cGy), and partially when at higher dose (400 cGy). But after the radiation at much higher dose as 900 cGy, the damages were irreversible, even with the existence of this growth factor.

CONCLUSIONSAt least a portion of effective recovery of postirradiation damages may be due to IGF-II-induced radioresistance. Incubation with IGF-II can increase radioresistance or repair of radiation-induced cells damages. However, this effect depends on the dose of radiation.

Animals ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo understand the smoking behaviors and its influencing factors among male smokers in two districts in Chengdu.

METHODSA face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among 320 male smokers in Chengdu. And the data were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method, t test, χ2 test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wails H rank sum test and cumulative odds logistic regression model.

RESULTSMore cigarette smoking (t=2.327, P=0.021) and using cigarette with lower tar level (t=-11.251, P<0.001) after changing the brand of cigarette were found among the males surveyed. The cumulative odds logistic regression analysis showed that males with lower education level (OR=1.968, P=0.040), with higher income level (OR=2.053, P=0.043), leaving shorter butts (OR=2.366, P=0.010) and with high nicotine dependence (OR=7.143, P<0.001) had more cigarette smoking.

CONCLUSIONSmokers who changed the brand of cigarette were more likely to choose low tar cigarette. Smokers with low education level, high income level and high nicotine dependence are the target population for health education and behavior intervention in smoking control.

China ; epidemiology ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo understand the time and area specific prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis, sexual behaviors and awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the mainland of China during 2010-2013.

METHODSAll the published academic papers on the prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in the mainland of China from 2010 to 2013 were collected from CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases. Meta-analysis was performed by using software Stata 12.0.

RESULTSSixty six papers were selected. From 2010 to 2013 the pooled prevalence of HIV infection were 7.7% among the MSM (95% CI: 7.2%-8.3% ) and increased year by year, but the pooled prevalence of HIV infection was highest in southwestern China (12.0%). The pooled prevalence of syphilis were 10.9% among the MSM (95% CI: 9.8%-12.1%), and the pooled prevalence of syphilis was highest in southern China (14.4%). The incidence of anal sex was high (84.2%) in the past 6 months, but the consistent condom use rate was low (44.8%). The AIDS related knowledge awareness was high in the MSM (88.4%).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis were high among the MSM in the mainland of China during 2010-2013. It is necessary to explore the comprehensive intervention measures to promote condom use among MSM although they have high awareness of AIDS related knowledge.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence ; Safe Sex ; Sexual Behavior ; Syphilis ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation， suitability and accessibility of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein （EC）， and to provide evidence for selecting skin detection methods for tuberculosis infection diagnosis and auxiliary diagnosis of tuberculosis. METHODS The effectiveness and safety of EC compared with purified protein derivative of tuberculin （TB-PPD） were analyzed by the method of systematic review. Cost minimization analysis， cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-utility analysis were used to evaluate the short-term economy of EC compared with TB-PPD， and cost-utility analysis was used to evaluate the long-term economy. The evaluation dimensions of innovation， suitability and accessibility were determined by systematic review and improved Delphi expert consultation， and the comprehensive score of EC and TB-PPD in each dimension were calculated by the weight of each indicator. RESULTS The scores of effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation and suitability of EC were all higher than those of TB-PPD. The affordability scores of the two drugs were consistent， while the availability score of EC was lower than those of TB-PPD. After considering dimensions and index weight， the scores of effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation， suitability， accessibility and the comprehensive score of EC were all higher than those of TB-PPD. CONCLUSIONS Compared with TB-PPD， EC performs better in all dimensions of effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation， suitability and accessibility. However， it is worth noting that EC should further improve its availability in the dimension of accessibility.